• 한국균학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.555-560
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• 2021

During disease surveys conducted from 2019 to 2021 in Korea, leaf spot symptoms in rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) plants were frequently observed in plants growing in fields located in Cheolwon, Taebaek, and Inje in Gangwon Province. The incidence of diseased leaves of the plants in the fields ranged from 2% to 80%. Nine single-spore isolates of Phoma sp. were obtained from lesions of the diseased leaves; all of them were identified as Didymella rhei based on their cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics. Three isolates of D. rhei were tested for pathogenicity on rhubarb leaves using artificial inoculation. All the tested isolates caused leaf spot symptoms in the inoculated plants; the symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the fields investigated. This is the first report of D. rhei causing leaf spot in rhubarb in Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2001

Nitric oxide (NO) produced in large amounts by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to be responsible for the vasodilation and hypotension observed in septic shock and inflammation. The inhibitors of iNOS, thus, may be useful candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases accompanied by the overproduction of NO. We prepared alcoholic extracts of Chinese medicinal plants and screened their inhibitory activity against NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Among the 80 kinds of extracts of herbal drugs, 15 extracts showed potent inhibitory activity of NO production above 80% at the concentration o$50\mu\textrm{g}/ml$. These potent extracts showed dose dependent inhibition of NO production of LPS-activated macrophages at the concentration of 50, 30,$10\mu\textrm{g}/ml$. Especially, Rhus chinensis, Senecio scandens and Wikstroemia indica showed most potent inhibition above 50% at the concentration of $10\mu\textrm{g}/ml$. These plants are promising candidates for the study of the activity-guided purification of active compounds and would be useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and endotoxemia accompanying the overproduction of NO.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2008

Phytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of the aqueous or methanol extracts from the young sprouts of the six Compositae medicinal plants were determined. Aqueous leachates at 40g dry tissue $L^{-1}$ (g $L^{-1}$) Cirsium japonicum and Aster yomena showed the highest inhibitory effect on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Total phenolic content showed the highest amount in methanol extracts from Ixeris dentata, and followed by A. yomena, and Cephalonoplos segetum. Methanol extracts of C. segetum and I. dentata at 25${\mu}g$ m$L^{-1}$ exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity by 87.2, and 52.8%, respectively. By means of HPLC analysis, MeOH extracts of C. segetum had the highest amount of antioxidant chlorogenic acid. Based on MTT assay, the methanol extracts from Y. sonchifolia ($IC_{50}$ = 65.7${\mu}g$ $mL^{-1}$) showed the highest cytotoxicity against Calu-6. These results suggest that plant extracts had a dose-dependent biological potentials including phytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity, and that their activities exhibited differently depending on plant species.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권
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• pp.79-95
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• 2003

To clarify the botanical origins of oriental medicines which have been argued or confused for plant origins, species of original plants were investigated through the textural research for oriental medicines and the comparison of Chinese, Korean, Japanese and North Korean Pharmacopoeia. Twenty oriental medicines were studied; Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Rhei Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Osterici Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Saposhnikovae Radix, Magnoliae Cortex, Paeoniae Radix, Liriopis Tuber, Zanthoxyli Fructus, Achyranthis Radix, Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma, Polygonati Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex, Visci Herba et Loranthi Ramulus, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, Pogostemonis Herba, and Curcumae Longae Radix.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.301-310
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• 1994

50종의 약용식물추출액을 공시하여 흰가루병에 대한 방제효과를 검정하고 생리활성 물질을 분리, 동정하였다. 공시약용식물중에서 대황의 물추출액은 200배의 희석농도에서도 100%의 포자발아억제 효과를 나타내서 가장 효과가 있었고, 대황의 물추출액 50배, 알콜추출액 100배, 조물질 500배, 표준품 1000배 희석농도까지도 60%이상의 발병억제효과가 있었으며, 조물질 500배액에서 2회 이상 살포하면 100% 발병억제 효과가 있었다. 그리고 조물질 100배 액에서는 약해가 있었으나 500배액에서는 약해가 없었다. 대황에 함유되어 있는 생리활성물질은 anthraquinone유도체인 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione과 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione으로 잠정 동정되었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권4호통권143호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2005

To develop safe and new anticoagulation agents from natural resources, the inhibitory activities of 291 methanol extracts, which were prepared from different parts of 197 medicinal and wild plants, against human thrombin were evaluated. Based in anti-coagulation activity determined by thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, the extract of leaf of Myrica rubra was finally selected. The extract of M. rubra showed a strong thrombin inhibitory activity (above 1,819%) at 0.5 mg/ml as a final concentration, whereas aspirin showed 337% inhibition at concentration of 1.5 mg/ml. The activity of the extract remained more than 85% and 60% by heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30min, and acid treatment at pH 2 for 60 min, respectively. Our results suggested that the extract of Myrica rubra could be the potential source as thrombin inhibitor.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2020

Background: The aim of this study was done to identify whether mass produced wild ginseng culture broth prepared from cultivated wild ginseng roots could have an application in enhancing the agricultural utility value of leafy vegetables. Methods and Results: Leafy vegetables Lactuca sativa and Brassica juncea were treated with wild ginseng culture broth. Plants were examined and treatment (100 ㎖) applied twice a week over an eight week period. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of treated plants was then measured. Wild ginseng culture broth treatment resulted in phenolic and flavonoid content of 0.40 mg·GAE/㎖ and 0.36 mg·QE/㎖, respectively in L. sativa. When treated with wild ginseng culture broth, free radical scavenging ability was found to be higher in both L. sativa and B. juncea whereas antimicrobial activity was found to be higher in B. juncea (625 ㎍/㎖) than in L. sativa. Inorganic element analysis of L. sativa and B. juncea showed that Ca and Mg were higher in the wild ginseng broth treatment group, whereas harmful elements such as As were reduced. Conclusions: Rather than discarding the wild ginseng culture broth, it can be used as a fresh biomaterial by reprocessing it as agricultural products that can promote growth and improve functionality in plants.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.560-566
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• 2001

약용식물로 이용되는 한약재 21 종에서 깍두기의 보존성을 증가시킬수 있는 약재를 선별하고 효과가 우수한 한약재를 용매분획하여 김치 유산균 및 효모에 대한 항균활성을 조사하였다. 그 중 포공영을 최종 선정하였으며, 클로로포름 분획추출물은 5 균주 중 Leu. mesenteroides와 S. faecalis에서 항균효과가 나타났으며, 농도별 항균활성은 E. faecalis는 80 mg/mL의 농도에서 배양 24시간까지 균증식이 억제되었으며, Leu. mesenteroides는 배양 24시간, L. plantarum는 배양 12시간까지 억제되었다. L. brevis는 포공영 클로로포름 분획 추출물을 함유한 배지에서는 별 영향을 받지 않았다. 효모인 S. cerevisiae는 20 mg/mL 이하의 저농도에서는 오히려 촉진되어 세균에 비해 저해활성이 약하게 나타났다. 포공영 클로로포름 분획추출물로 처리한 Leu. mesenteroides와 E. faecalis 두 균주를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 두 균주 모두 형태학적인 변화가 있음이 관찰되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.489-499
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• 2015

Background : Plants belonging to 5 species of the genus Eleutherococcus are currently distributed in the Korean peninsula. The traditional medicine 'Ogapi', derived from Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus and other related species, and 'Gasiogapi', derived from Eleutherococcus senticosus, are frequently mixed up and marketed. Therefore, accurated identification of their origins in urgently required. Methods and Results : Candidate genes from nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) of Eleutherococcus plants were analyzed. Whereas the nrDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were useful in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships among the plants, the cpDNA regions were not as effective. Therefore, a combined analysis with nrDNA-ITS was performed. Various combinations of nrDNA and matK were effective for discriminating among the plants. However, the matK and rpoC1 combination was ineffective for discriminating among some species. Based on these results, it was found that OG1, OG4, OG5, OG7, GS1, GS2, and GS3 were derived from E. sessiliflorus. In particular, it was confirmed that GS1, GS2, and GS3 were not derived from E. senticosus. However, more samples need to be analyzed because identification of the origins of OG2, OG3, OG6 and GS4 was not possible. Conclusion : The ITS2, ITS5a, and matK combination was the most effective in identifying the phylogenetic relationship among Eleutherococcus plants and traditional medicines based on Eleutherococcus.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.192-212
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• 2015

울릉도에 자생하는 식물상을 밝히고 주요 식물들의 분포를 파악을 위해 2007년부터 2011년에 걸쳐 총 55일간의 현지조사를 수행하였다. 현지조사 결과 조사지역의 관속식물 93과 313속 462종 6아종 52변종 4품종 등 총 494분류군을 확인하였다. IUCN 기준에 따른 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 멸종위기종(CR) 9분류군, 위기종(EN) 6분류군, 취약종(VU) 12분류군, 환경부 지정 멸종위기 야생식물은 1급 1분류군, 2급 3분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물 중 III등급 이상에 해당하는 71분류군의 분포를 확인하였으며 울릉도 특산식물은 33분류군으로 정리되었다. 귀화식물은 66분류군이 조사되었고 생태계교란종은 애기수영, 돼지풀, 가시상추 3분류군이 확인되었다.