Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science (한국약용작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science (한국약용작물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ginsenoside Analysis of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Culture Broth in a Bioreactor and Its Application in Inducing Biological Changes in Leafy Vegetables

생물반응기 산삼 배양액의 진세노사이드 분석 및 엽채류 응용에 따른 생물학적 변화

  • Kim, Chang Heum (Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Seong, Eun Soo (Department of Medicinal Plant, Suwon Women's University) ;
  • Yoo, Ji Hye (Bioherb Research Institute, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jae Geun (Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hwajin Cosmetics) ;
  • Yu, Chang Yeon (Department of Bio-Resource Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 김창흠 (강원대학교 생물자원과학과) ;
  • 성은수 (수원여자대학교 약용식물과) ;
  • 유지혜 (강원대학교 한방바이오연구소) ;
  • 이재근 (화진화장품 생명공학연구소) ;
  • 유창연 (강원대학교 생물자원과학과)
  • Received : 2020.02.06
  • Accepted : 2020.04.21
  • Published : 2020.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was done to identify whether mass produced wild ginseng culture broth prepared from cultivated wild ginseng roots could have an application in enhancing the agricultural utility value of leafy vegetables. Methods and Results: Leafy vegetables Lactuca sativa and Brassica juncea were treated with wild ginseng culture broth. Plants were examined and treatment (100 ㎖) applied twice a week over an eight week period. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of treated plants was then measured. Wild ginseng culture broth treatment resulted in phenolic and flavonoid content of 0.40 mg·GAE/㎖ and 0.36 mg·QE/㎖, respectively in L. sativa. When treated with wild ginseng culture broth, free radical scavenging ability was found to be higher in both L. sativa and B. juncea whereas antimicrobial activity was found to be higher in B. juncea (625 ㎍/㎖) than in L. sativa. Inorganic element analysis of L. sativa and B. juncea showed that Ca and Mg were higher in the wild ginseng broth treatment group, whereas harmful elements such as As were reduced. Conclusions: Rather than discarding the wild ginseng culture broth, it can be used as a fresh biomaterial by reprocessing it as agricultural products that can promote growth and improve functionality in plants.

Keywords

References

  1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists(AOAC). (1990). Official Methods of Analysis, (15th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, USA. p.788.
  2. Bae GS, Nam HP, Kim HS, Lee SG, Choi HS, Min WK, Joo JW, Maeng WJ and Chang MB. (2003). Effects of the artificial culture medium of wild ginsengs on rumen fermentation characteristics in vitro. Journal of Animal Science and Technology. 45:987-996. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2003.45.6.987
  3. Blois MS. (1958). Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 181:1199-1200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
  4. Doh ES, Chang JP, Lee KH and Seong NS. (2010). Ginsenoside change and antioxidation activity of fermented ginseng. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 18:225-265.
  5. Jang HY, Park HS, Kwon KR and Rhim TJ. (2008). A study on the comparison of antioxidant effects among wild ginseng, cultivated wild ginseng, and cultivated ginseng extracts. Journal of Pharmacopuncture. 11:67-78. https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2008.11.3.067
  6. Jeon GI, Yoon MY, Park HR, Lee SC and Park EJ. (2009). Neuroprotective activity of Viola mandshurica extracts on hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and cell death in PC12 cells. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1171:576-582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04889.x
  7. Jeong HS, Kang TS, Woo KS, Paek KY, Yu KW and Yang SJ. (2005). Effects of cultured wild ginseng roots on the alcoholic fermentation. Korean Journal of Food Preservation. 12:402-410.
  8. Kim CJ, Seong ES, Yoo JH, Lee JG, Kim NJ, Choi SK, Lim JD and Yu CY. (2016a). Biological activity of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer culture roots fermented with microorganisms. Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science. 24:191-197. https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2016.24.3.191
  9. Kim CS, Park JB, Kim KJ, Chang SJ, Ryoo SW and Jeon BH. (2002). Effect of Korea red ginseng on cerebral blood flow and superoxide production. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 23:1152-1156.
  10. Kim KT, Yoo KM, Lee JW, Eom SH, Hwang IK and Lee CY. (2007). Protective effect of steamed American ginseng(Panax quinquefolius L.) in V79-4 cells induced by oxidative stress. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 111:443-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.004
  11. Kim SH, Lee SY, Cho SM, Hong CY, Park MJ and Choi IG. (2016b). Evaluation on anti-fungal activity and synergy effects of essential oil and their constituents from Abies holophylla. Journal of Korean Wood Science and Technology. 44:113-123. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2016.44.1.113
  12. Kim YS, Kang KS and Kim SI. (1990). Study on antitumor and immunomodulating activities of polysaccharide fractions from Panax ginseng: Comparison of effects of neutral and acidic polysaccharide fraction. Archives Pharmacal Research. 13:330-337. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858168
  13. Kobayashi A, Koguchi Y, Takahashi S, Kanzaki H and Kawazu K. (1993). ST-1, a novel radical scavenger from fungus F-124. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 57:1034-1046. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.1034
  14. Kwon SS, Seong ES, Gho EJ, Ahn HS, Kim BJ, Lee JY, Lee JK and Yu CY. (2009). Effect of recycled liquid medium on the growth of Raphanus sativus L. after wild Panax ginseng culture by bioreactor. Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences. 20:55-60.
  15. Middleton EJ and Kandaswami C. (1994). Potential healthpromoting properties of citrus flavonoids. Food Technology. 48:115-119.
  16. Moon JS, Kim SJ, Park YM, Hwang IS, Kim EH, Park JW, Park IB, Kim SW, Kang SG, Park YK and Jung ST. (2004). Antimicrobial effect of methanol extracts from some medicinal herbs and the content of phenolic compounds. Korean Journal Food Preservation. 11:207-213.
  17. Osborne DT and Voogt P. (1981). The analysis of nutrients in foods. In Stwart GF. et al.(eds.). Food Science and Technology. Academic Press. London, England. p.169.
  18. Park JH, Shin OS and Ryu KS. (2005). Effect of feeding wild ginseng culture by-products on performance and egg quality of laying hens. Korean Journal of Poultry Science. 32:269-273.
  19. Park SJ, Yoo SM and Kim YE. (2012). Nutritional characteristics and screening of biological activity of cultured wild ginseng roots. Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition. 25:729-736. https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2012.25.4.729
  20. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M and Rice-Evans C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 26:1231-1237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
  21. Santos WR, de Lima VMF, de Souza EP, Bernardo RR, Palatnik M and de Sousa CBP. (2002). Saponins, IL12 and BCG adjuvant in the FML-vaccine formulation against murine visceral leishmaniasis. Vaccine. 21:30-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00444-9
  22. Seol JW, Chae JS, Kang HS, Kang CS, Ihn DC and Park SY. (2011). Proteome analysis of pigs fed with tissue culture medium waste after harvest of Korean wild ginseng. Journal of Veterinary Clinics. 28:75-80.
  23. Son SH and Hall RB. (1990). Multiple shoot regeneration from root organ cultures of Populus grandidentata${\times}$P. grandidentata. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 20:53-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00034757
  24. Taga MS, Miller EE and Pratt DE. (1984). Chia seeds as a source of natural lipid antioxidants. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 61:928-931. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02542169
  25. Wang ZH, Li CH, Zhang CG and Wang XD. (1998). Study on the wild ginseng and cultured ginseng in northeast of China. Proceedings of the Ginseng Society Conference. p.109-114.
  26. Yoo BS, Chang MS and Byun SY. (2003). Characterization of cell cultures and ginsenoside production by cultured ginseng and wild mountain ginseng. Korean Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 18:133-139.
  27. Yoon SR, Nah JJ, Shin YH, Nam KY, Kim SK and Nah SY. (1997). Ginsenoside Rf induces differential antinociception: From cell to antinociception. Proceedings of '97 Korea-Japan Ginseng Symposium. p.166-180.
  28. Yu KW, Gao W, Hahn EJ and Paek KY. (2002). Jasmonic acid improves ginsenoside accumulation in adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 11:211-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-703X(02)00029-3