• 미생물학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 유칼립투스, 유카와 차나무의 ethanol 추출물의 수지를 이용한 분획 혼합물에 대한 항균활성을 평가하였는데 여러 인간 피부 상재균에 낮은 최소저해농도(0.24~3.32 mg/ml)를 나타내었고 항생제 triclosan과 ampicillin보다 우수한 활성을 나타내었다. Time kill assay에서 식물 추출분획 혼합물은 4시간 이내에 미생물 균주의 개체수를 92% 이상 감소시켰고, 모든 미생물 균주의 뉴클레오티드를 상당량 유출시켰으며, 항균 효과는 이가 양이온($Mg^{2+}$과 $Ca^{2+}$)에 영향을 받지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 Eucalyptus sp., Yucca sp., 및 tea tree의 ethanol 추출물의 수지분획 혼합물이 중요한 인간 피부 상재균을 억제하는 효율적인 화장품 방부제로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.260-263
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• 2018

Background: The alar and nasal tip are important subunits of the nose. Determining the optimal procedure for reconstructing a cutaneous defect in a nasal subunit depends on several factors including size, location, and involvement of deep underlying structures. We treated cutaneous defects after tumor ablation in the alar and nasal tip with a local flap, using an S-shaped design and a modified V-Y advancement flap with a croissant shape. Methods: We analyzed 36 patients with skin tumors who underwent flap coverage after tumor ablation. Rotation flaps were used in 26 cases and croissant-shaped V-Y advancement flaps were used in 10 cases. The primary cause of the defects was skin cancer, except for one benign tumor. Results: The mean patient age was 71 years. The size of the defects ranged from $0.49cm^2$ to $3.5cm^2$. No recurrence of skin cancer was noted and all flaps lasted until the end of follow-up. Partial desquamation of the epidermis was noted in one case. The postoperative appearance for most patients was excellent, objectively and subjectively. Conclusion: For cutaneous defects of up to about $4.0cm^2$ of the alar and nasal tip, local flaps using our methods offered a good cosmetic and therapeutic result. The main advantage of our flaps is the minimal dissection required compared to bilobed and other local flap methods. We believe our flaps are a suitable option for alar and nasal tip reconstruction.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2018

Plastic containers which provides the opportunity to reduce transportation costs are lighter and less brittle than glass containers. As a results, efforts to replace glass with plastic are ongoing. The blow molding method is a typical approach in producing plastic containers. Single-stage injection blow molding (ISBM) is one of the blow molding methods. However, the difficulty in controlling the temperature during the injection molding process is considered its main disadvantage. In this study, ISBM process analysis of relatively thick walled containers such as cosmetic containers is carried out. The initial temperature distribution of the preform is deemed to be the most influential factor in the accuracy of blow molding for the thick vessel. In order to accurately predict this, all heat transfer processes of the preform are considered. The validity of this analytical procedure is verified by comparing the cross-sectional thickness with the actual product. Finally, the validated analytical method is used to evaluate the factors affecting the thickness of the final molded part. The ISBM analysis technique for thick walled vessels developed through this study can be used as an effective predictor for preform design and blow process.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.667-674
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• 2018

In this study, we evaluated the whitening activity of prethanol A and water extracts from Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai. The extracts were prepared using 0, 50, 70, and 100% prethanol A at $121^{\circ}C$, 1.2 atm for 15 minutes. To confirm effective extraction, the acteoside content of each extract was analyzed with the HPLC-PDA method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity assays, and the whitening activity was evaluated based on inhibitory activities on the protein and mRNA expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in B16 F10 cells. Each extract showed strong antioxidant and whitening activity. $IC_{50}$ values of antioxidant activity from each extract were in order of 100%, 70%, 50%, and 0%. In addition, whitening activity inhibited the protein and mRNA expression of melanin synthesis factor, following the same pattern as antioxidant activity. In conclusion, water and prethanol A extracts of A. distichum showed effective antioxidant and whitening activity and are thus considered to be valuable materials for whitening cosmetics. The results of this study will also provide basic data for the safe and efficient production of A. distichum as a cosmetic material.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2018

미생물 발효 생계면활성제인 람노리피드의 계면활성(CMC, 표면장력, 기포력 등)을 측정하였다. 람노리피드는 우수한 표면활성을 나타내었다. 람노리피드가 처방된 세정제도 우수한 표면활성을 나타내었다. 액체세정제의 성능평가 결과 지방산 대비 람노리피드가 사용된 제품의 성능이 미세하게 우세하였다. 그렇지만 기포 프로화일에서는 람노리피드가 처방된 제품의 기포량이 아주 많았으며, 헹굼과정에서 지방산의 억포작용과 같은 헹굼성 보조 작용은 나타나지 않았다. 람노리피드는 생계면활성제로써 주계면활성제 또는 보조계면활성제로써 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 지방산과 같은 억포제 또는 헹굼 보조 기능은 가지지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.284-296
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• 2018

Obesity is considered as a primary health problem over the past century in line with life environmental changes. It is mainly associated with increased risk of numerous chronic diseases which may significantly reduce health-related quality of life. Therefore, efforts to reduce weight should be performed. This study suggested a novel approach to reduce body fat by applying external stimulation which is micro-current stimulation (MCS). In this clinical study, we evaluated the potential effects of MCS for reduction of abdominal fat and weight loss. Prior to the clinical test, computational simulation was conducted to find the proper MCS conditions that allow externally applied stimulation to reach the internal fat section from the external skin. Particularly, the clinical study evaluated the unilateral effects of MCS for body fat loss and lipolysis without any additional limitations such as physical exercise and dietary therapy. The results showed that whole body fat, waist circumferences, and abdominal fat are gradually decreased after intervention in proportion to the time. From the results, we can estimate that MCS can be effective on the body fat loss by activation of lipolysis in human adipose.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.11.1-11.8
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• 2019

Background: In the present study, the skin-whitening effects of a marine-sourced mixture that includes a fucoidanrich extract of Undaria pinnatifida (UPEF), a phlorotannin-rich extract of Ecklonia cava (ECE), and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from sea squirt skin were investigated. Methods: The whitening effects of the mixture and its components were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH)-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. Results: Each component alone markedly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner, and in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells, they inhibited melanin synthesis and were cytotoxic. However, the whitening effects of UPEF, ECE, and GAGs in combination were greater than those of each component alone. A mixture in the ratio of 4:5:1 (UEG-451) showed the strongest activity without cytotoxicity. Further study suggested that UEG-451 inhibits ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by downregulating tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related proteins, such as TRP-1 and TRP-2, via the inhibition of MITF expression. Conclusions: These results suggest that mixing the different components at optimum ratios might be an effective way to improve their bioactivities and reduce toxicity and that UEG-451 possesses strong whitening effects that could be used in the cosmetic industry.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 마그네슘-층상규산염(MgP) 층간에 솔잎 추출물(PLE)이 삽입되어 겹겹이 쌓여있는 샌드위치 구조의 나노입자(PLE/MgP)를 one-pot으로 합성하였다. XRD 분석을 통해 팔면체와 사면체 구조로 MgP가 성공적으로 합성되었으며, PLE가 층간에 삽입되어 MgP 간의 층간거리(d-spacing)가 벌어진 것을 확인하였다. HR-TEM을 통해 모폴로지 변화를 관찰하였으며, 열중량분석법을 통해 PLE가 MgP 대비 10%까지 함유된 것을 확인하였다. 최소저해농도(MIC) 및 최소 사멸농도(MBC) 분석을 통해 피부 상재균에 대한 항균 활성을 검토한 결과 MgP 또는 PLE보다 PLE/MgP의 항균 활성이 더욱 향상된 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구에서 개발한 PLE/MgP 유/무기 복합 소재가 화장품 소재, 의료용 소재 등의 다양한 분야에 적용 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2019

The existing subtract image based intrusion detection system for CCTV digital images has a problem that it can not distinguish intruders from moving backgrounds that exist in the natural environment. In this paper, we tried to solve the problems of existing system by designing real - time intrusion detection system for CCTV digital image by combining subtract image based intrusion detection method and background learning artificial neural network technology. Our proposed system consists of three steps: subtract image based intrusion detection, background artificial neural network learning stage, and background artificial neural network evaluation stage. The final intrusion detection result is a combination of result of the subtract image based intrusion detection and the final intrusion detection result of the background artificial neural network. The step of subtract image based intrusion detection is a step of determining the occurrence of intrusion by obtaining a difference image between the background cumulative average image and the current frame image. In the background artificial neural network learning, the background is learned in a situation in which no intrusion occurs, and it is learned by dividing into a detection window unit set by the user. In the background artificial neural network evaluation, the learned background artificial neural network is used to produce background recognition or intrusion detection in the detection window unit. The proposed background learning intrusion detection system is able to detect intrusion more precisely than existing subtract image based intrusion detection system and adaptively execute machine learning on the background so that it can be operated as highly practical intrusion detection system.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2019

Background: Epidermal cysts are benign, slow growing cysts that often develop on the head, neck, chest, and back of adults. The most common method of surgical excision involves the use of a scalpel and often leaves a scar proportional to the size of the cyst. Therefore, minimally invasive techniques are required. Among these techniques, the $CO_2$ laser-based technique is minimally invasive and has lower complication rate, shorter recovery times, and lesser scarring. This paper aimed to compare the results and postoperative complications associated with a $CO_2$ laser-based excision against conventional surgical excision for epidermal cysts. Methods: We surveyed 120 patients, aged 16 to 65 years, with epidermal cysts on the face measuring 0.5 to 2.2 cm in diameter. Twelve months later, we compared the scar length, recurrence rate, patient satisfaction, and complications between patients treated with $CO_2$ laser excision versus surgical excision. Results: The mean scar length (12 months postoperative) after $CO_2$ laser excision was $0.30{\pm}0.15cm$, and that following surgical excision was $1.23{\pm}0.43cm$ (p= 0.001). The procedure time (time from incision after local anesthesia to the end of repair) was $16.15{\pm}5.96minutes$ for $CO_2$ laser excision versus $22.38{\pm}6.05minutes$ for surgical excision (p= 0.001). The recurrence rates in the surgical excision group and $CO_2$ laser excision group were 3.3% and 8.3%, respectively; this difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.648). Conclusion: The cosmetic outcome of $CO_2$ laser excision is excellent. For epidermal cysts measuring 2.2 cm or smaller, $CO_2$ laser excision is recommended, especially when aesthetic outcome is considered important.