• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2009.08a
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• pp.55-55
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• 2009

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

Objectives : This study is designed to explore the experience of patients who received facial Qigong exercise education, to identify whether facial Qigong exercise is effective for Bell's Palsy patients and to aid in developing a more efficient exercise program. Methods : Eight patients who visited the Facial Palsy Center in Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital between September 2014 and December 2014 for treatment of Bell's palsy were interviewed. All patients received facial Qigong exercise education at least two times. The interview was conducted for 20 to 30 minutes and included discussion related to the experience of facial palsy, facial Qigong exercise and suggestions for a more efficient facial Qigong program. Results : The patients replied that they experienced emotions such as anxiety, depression and confusion when they discovered the symptoms of facial palsy. They also suggested that they had regained mental stability and physically recovered through facial Qigong exercise and also suggested possible improvements for the system of facial Qigong exercise in terms of time/place/educator. Conclusions : The results from the interviews suggest that facial Qigong exercise might be an effective treatment for Bell's Palsy patients from a psychological and physical perspective. A more patient-centered environment should be established to ensure efficient treatment.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.71-84
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• 2007

Predicting plant responses to changing atmospheric $CO_2$ and to the possibility of global warming are important concerns. The $CO_2$ concentration of the global atmosphere has increased during the last decades. This increase is expected to result in changes of global temperatures and this will also affect the growth and development of bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.) and other crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of atmospheric $CO_2$ enrichment and high temperature on the growth and development of bell pepper under three temperature regimes. There was no statistical difference in the days required from seeding to flowering between $CO_2$ treatments, whereas among three temperature regimes, high temperature plots of $35/25^{\circ}C$ showed the shortest days (52.5 days) required from seeding to flowering. The plant height of bell peppers 15 weeks after emergence showed no statistical significance, while plots of $30/20^{\circ}C$ showed the highest plant height among the three temperature regimes. Time-course response of plant height to $CO_2$, enrichment was restrained in high $CO_2$, concentration (800ppm), at the same time higher temperature promoted plant height. Average leaf area per plant of 400ppm was $6,008.8cm^2$ and it was $5,225.1cm^2$ in the plots of 800ppm, showing 15% more leaf area compared to 400ppm $CO_2$ concentration. Leaf dry weight between $CO_2$ concentration and among temperature regimes showed a statistical significance. The average leaf dry weight in the plot of 800ppm showed the highest (44.1g), which was 18.5% higher compared to that of 400ppm (37.2g) and among temperature regimes, it was the highest (49.8g) in the plot of $35/25^{\circ}C$. Above-ground dry weight showed statistical significance between $CO_2$ concentration and among temperature regimes. The average above-ground dry weight of 800ppm $CO_2$ concentration was 141.4g, 17.9% higher compared to 400ppm $CO_2$ concentration (119.9g). Among three temperature regimes, plots of $30/20^{\circ}C$ showed the highest average above-ground dry weight (168.9g), while plots of $35/25^{\circ}C$ were the lowest (102.3g). In the average bell pepper dry weight, 800ppm of $CO_2$ concentration showed higher bell pepper dry weight (59.5g) than that (44.3g) of 400ppm of $CO_2$ concentration. It was judged that high $CO_2$ concentration was profitable fur bell pepper yield and there was a tendency that when there was high $CO_2$, concentration (800ppm), low temperature ($25/15^{\circ}C$) was profitable for bell pepper dry weight, whereas it was the reverse ($30/20^{\circ}C$), in the case of ambient $CO_2$, concentration (400ppm). In the specific leaf area according to $CO_2$, concentration, 800ppm showed 117.4, which was 35.5% higher compared to that (159.1) of 400ppm, showing that leaf becomes thicker as $CO_2$ concentration increases. Regarding correlation coefficients among crop characteristics, leaf area was negatively correlated with the number of bell peppers per plant and bell pepper dry weight, showing that the higher the leaf area, the lower the bell pepper yield. Bell pepper dry weight per plant showed positively significant correlation with the number of bell peppers per plant and total above dry weight, which showed that the higher the number of bell peppers and the total above dry weight, the higher the bell pepper yield.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.40
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• pp.357-386
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• 2007

At present, thirteen Buddhist bells of Unified Silla are known to the world: Six in Korea, five in Japan and two other bells, and three out of them are impossible to make out its original form. Therefore, we divided the form of Unified Silla Buddhist bells based on the ten other bells, and we tried out to prove the manufacturing technology by the comparison of the research material of Uncheon-dong bell and existing research materials of other bells, in other to find their linkage based on the alloy elemental composition. We divided Unified Silla Buddhist bell into two types: Type I has symmetric apsaras and regular patterns on its face and it was made in early Silla period; type II has asymmetric apsaras and irregular pattern arrangement and made in late Silla period. In particular, Uncheon-dong Buddhist bells is very similar to Komyoji[光明寺] temple bell from ninth century in Japan. It is peculiar that the apsaras on Uncheon-dong bell play vertical music instruments that are never seen in Unified Silla Buddhist bell. Most of Unified Silla Buddhist bell are compounded with Cu-Sn or Cu-Sn-Pb system. From eighth and ninth century, bells were cast with even composition of copper, tin and lead, and the bronze alloy ratio was similar to the record in Gogonggi[考工記], Jurye[周禮], a book from ancient China. Particularly, Uncheon-dong bell is in a rare case of Cu-Sn-Pb-As system. As had been rarely used in Unified Silla Buddhist bells, so we presented the relative research materials. As has the same nature as Pb. Because As easily volatilize at high temperature, it is hard to use. But it has its merit of solidity and durability. Pb enhances fluidity and thereby expresses the patterns more distinct; As makes the bell stronger. The result of lead isotope ratio could not exactly reveal a concrete producing center. However, over the analysis of our samples, hereby we suggest Uncheon-dong bell was made of materials from just one ore deposit.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 1986

Mode shapes and natural frequencies of the bell type shell are analyzed numerically by the finite element method. The impulse hammer method and the Fast Fourier Transform analyzer are used for the experimental test. All types of mode shapes are expressed by the computer graphics. Numerical solutions are good agreement with the experimental results. The sustaining sound of the typical bell-type shell depend upon the first flexural mode (0-2 mode) and the second flexural mode (0-3 mode), and their mode shapes are independent upon thickness Dangjwas, holes, and added mass effects. Asymmetric effects by Dangjwas, holes and added mass give rise to beat frequencies, and the added mass is found to be most effective.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.73-87
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• 2004

In the designing stage, the HANBOK CHIMA is created using a flat pattern with linear shapes. However, when worn, the skirt creates a fluid and organic silhouette. According to the wearing method(wrapping), HANBOK CHIMA can create various shapes and movements. In comparison to the general skirt, It is more effective in revealing the wearer's sense of beauty. The method of wrapping the skirt from the rear is a suitable way of wearing the garment in accord with the Korean ON-DOL(온돌) culture and it creates mystique eroticism. We can devide the silhouettes according to six different period of time. The silhouette of HANBOK CHIMA is affected by the following elements: length, width, pleats, textures and the usage of underwear. [1. Koguryo (5C∼6C) - The first Tent silhouette. 2. The South Dynasty Silla (7C∼8C) - The second Tent silhouette. 3. Kyoryo dynasty (l4C) - Cylinder silhouette. 4. The first Chosun dynasty (late 14C∼17C) - Bell silhouette and Cylinder silhouette. 5. The second Chosun dynasty (mid 18C∼mid 19C) - Bell silhouette and Barrel silhouette. 6. The third Chosun dynasty (late 19C∼the beginning of 20C) - Tent, Cylinder and Bell silhouette.]

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.426-433
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• 2014

The high-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP) generated by a high-altitude nuclear explosion. This paper presents the comparison of electric field penetration in Bell laboratories and IEC 61000-2-9 standard when HEMP source penetrates through Naval Warship conducted coupling path and radiated coupling path. Also we analyze the effects of two kinds of coupling and propose Protective measures. Simulation results confirm IEC 61000-2-9 standard is more strict than the Bell Laboratories standard except for a lower frequency band, so we proposed IEC 61000-2-9 standard as a Naval HEMP standard. Finally, we offer the protective measures such as the shielding coating, Honeycomb ventilation, TVS in order to meet the military criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.397-404
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• 2002

In this paper, it is proposed wavelet neural network using the fuzzy concept with the fuzzy and the multi-resolution analysis(MRA) of wavelet transform. Also, it wishes to improve any nonlinear function learning approximation using this system. Here, the fuzzy concept is used the bell type fuzzy membership function. And the composition of wavelet has a unit size. It is used the backpropagation algorithm for learning of wavelet neural network using the fuzzy concept. It is used the multi-resolution analysis of wavelet transform, the bell type fuzzy membership function and the backpropagation algorithm for learning. This structure is confirmed to be improved approximation performance than the conventional algorithms from one dimension and two dimensions function through simulation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1454-1459
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• 2010

This paper presents the comparison of electric field penetration in Bell laboratories and IEC 61000-2-9 standard when HEMP source penetrates through an aperture in a planar conducting plane of infinite extent. HEMP electric field distributions assume in order to interpret this problem. Integral equation is derived and solved by Galerkin's method of moments for calculating the penetrating electric field. It is shown that penetrated electric field of IEC 61000-2-9 standard is greater than the Bell Laboratories waveform in resonance of lower frequency band, but those waveforms are similar in shape to frequency domain.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.679-681
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• 2017

Numerical analysis was carried out by applying the concept of E-D(expansion-deflection) nozzle to dual bell nozzle. We used the CEA code to calculate the chemical composition of the nozzle and to analyze the freezing flow of 8 species. The turbulence model was chosen as the $k-{\omega}$ SST. We applied the concept of E-D nozzle to the dual bell nozzle and performed the calculated transition altitude and performance. As a result of the interpretation, the application of the E-D nozzle concept led to the formation of over-expansion conditions, which resulted in an increase in the transition altitude.