• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.241-247
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the satisfaction and return impact of the Festival visitors visiting the food and art festivals in Suncheon city. which successfully hosted the Suncheon Bay Garden Expo.. In order to carry out this research, hypothesis was set up, and after the questionnaire survey was conducted for the visitors participating in the festival, empirical analysis was conducted through the survey. Also, I would like to present the implications for the tourism development process and the convergence research of the fourth industry for the garden and food tourism of the tourists coming back again in the future due to the festival. The effect of factors on festival satisfaction was found to be influential in order of tourism product, food, guide and public event program. Also products and food facilities. It was confirmed that the guide and publicity part had an influence on the revisit of the festival and also the recommendation of the festival. As a result, the attributes of satisfaction factor of Suncheon Food & Art Festival were confirmed and causality was derived because visitors' satisfaction had positive influence on behavior intention. However, the limitations of the study remain in that it does not reveal the subdivision factors of the satisfaction and perceived satisfaction in measuring the festival satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2009

Twenty years have passed since the adoption of natural recreation forests and each forest has its own characteristics. However, there is hardly any classification among the natural recreation forests. The purpose of this study is to classify the forests by considering the supplier's perspective as well as the user's perspective in order to provide fundamental materials for the operation of the natural recreation forests. A factor analysis was conducted to identify the common characteristics of the selected twelve variables by pre-selection and survey of experts. K-means cluster analysis was conducted among those factors to classify the natural recreation forests in Korea. Four factors were drawn after the factor analysis and the factors were named according to the variables and sizes as 'The use performance and visiting condition factor', 'Education and settlement factor', 'Internal activation factor' and 'Potential factor' In addition, the cluster analysis of an $85{\times}4$ matrix was conducted for the points of the drawn factors and the final classification consists of five groups. The results of this study may contribute to providing fundamental materials for the operation and management of natural recreation forests. Also, it may act as a reference when investigating the natural recreation forests of Korea. Proposing the classification natural recreation forests could be helpful in selecting the proper recreation forest in the future. Based on the established model, fundamental materials could be provided to improve the profitability of the natural recreation forests by effectively expanding the number of tourists, creating new natural recreation forests and proper maintenance and management.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2011

1. Objectives : This study aimed to provide practical insights on the development of traditional Korean medical tourism and maximize the satisfaction of foreign patients. The main objectives of this study were also to evaluate Sasang Constitutional Medicine(S.C.M.) diagnosis cost from foreigners' perspectives. 2. Methods : For this study, the data were collected from tourists to Korea between January 3, 2010 to February 20, 2010. The sample used in this study was mainly composed of Japanese, Chines and US/Canada, because they are the major national visitor origin group to Korea. The primary data were collected by questionnaire survey using a standardized instrument with a convenience sampling procedure, and efforts of the interviews involved an on-site, self-administrated questionnaire to those sitting or visiting tourist attractions. The total size of the sample was 276 of which 275 showed no missing value against the factors needed for final analysis and were for analysis as an effective sample. SPSS 13.0 for window was used to analyze the collected data on which descriptive statistics and the Limited Dependent(LIMDEP) 8.0 program was used in estimating the willingness-to-pay(WTP) for traditional Korean medical tourism through the Contingent Valuation Method(CVM). A dichotomous choice question form of a CVM was applied to estimating the value. 3. Results and Conclusion: 1. There was significant statistical relationship between attributes when considering medical tourism destination and socio-demographic profiles such as age group, nationality, educational level and occupation. 2. In the level of recognition on Korean medicine, north Americans showed low level of recognition compared to other nationalities. In addition, in terms of age group, 20's and 30's showed low level of recognition on Korean medicine, 3. In relation to the level of interest on Korean medicine, Japanese respondents had higher interesting level on Korean medicine. Also singles had higher level of interest. 4. Regarding preferred Korean medical treatment program, there found significant statistical relationship between Korean medical treatment program and socio-demographic characteristics. 5. The estimating result of the logit model showed that the variables affecting the WTP for Sasang Constitutional medicine diagnosis were offered price and potential ability of medical tourism destination. 6. In relation to WTP for Sasang Constitutional medicine diagnosis, Japanese respondents showed a WTP of USD 62.69 and Chinese respondents showed USD 57.09. On the other hands, respondents from north America and other countries showed a WTP of USD 65.50. In conclusion, from this study, the results found that the opportunities in tradition Korean medical tourism are immense and the possible rewards are numerous. It is time to continue to promote 'Sasang Constitutional medicine' and make the Korean medical tourism programs considering on nationalities, age group, gender and WTP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.205-209
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• 2009

Recently, the increase of the size of GNP and the expansion of the foreign tour opportunities by the common 5 days work system in a week, reaction of the burden for visiting foreign countries, and expansion of airlines caused the rapid increase of overseas tour but slow increase in the number of foreign tourists, due to the price rise which might impact on the competitive power, and lack of tour infrastructure and attractiveness. As the wide area along the east coast of GyeongBuk Province has great amount of cultural, ocean and natural resources, it helps to get focused the tour industries and maximize the synergy effect through the mutual development coupling the resources and regions. On the basis of the potentials for the growth of east coast area to the international level and the development of local resources, a ocean tour and resort complex for four seasons, which has s strong connection to the local areas resulting the wide tour bond, could help to improve the local economy and balance the development of local province, and furthermore, jump to the level of the center in the East Coast area in the international society. Through the investigation and analysis of the ocean space development status and usage at the advanced foreign countries, the new meaning of the ocean space at the tour and resort complex would be proposed to the relevant local government in fit.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.169-175
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• 2023

This paper analyzes museum-related big data using museums and gamification using social media big data, identifies and compares the perceptions of visitors mentioned in social media, and presents ways to use gamification. Based on the collected data, this paper aims to provide data by comparing and analyzing the perception of visitors to the museum and visitors to the museum using gamification. This paper investigates the perception of visitors through social media analysis using TEXTOM, a social media analysis tool, to identify differences in perception. As a result of the analysis, it was found that compared to museums that were previously viewed in the form of exhibitions, they felt fun and interest in visiting museums using geikipication. In addition, based on the analysis results of keywords and related keywords, the perception, motivation, and type of viewing of the museum of the National Museum of Korea and the Independence Hall of Korea were confirmed. In addition, it can be seen that the sense of achievement of visitors who visited the museum using gamification is higher than that of the existing museum. It is believed that by developing and activating game-related content in future museum visits, many visitors will be able to increase their interest in the museum and feel fun and interested. The results of the study are believed to be meaningful as basic data to grasp the overall perception of visitors to the museum, and based on this, it is expected that visitors will be able to see and experience the museum in various ways.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2012

With the slowdown in environmental issues and the change of environmental consciousness, ecotourism is being discussed in various social fields. Ecotourism is being popularized for environmental protection, and now it is becoming a mainstream product from one of mass tourism. Ecotourism's emphasis on sustainable development in the tourism destination's society, economy, and environment, through ecotourism study and education, enable people to understand the core value of the ecological environment. 2011 was nominated as "the Year of World Forest" by the UN. In the recent years, forests are becoming increasingly important with their own values and functions in environment, economy, society, and culture. In particular, the global environmental issues caused by climate change are becoming an international agenda. Forests are the only effective solution for the carbon dioxide that causes global warming. Moreover, forests constitute a major part of ecotourism, and are now most used by ecotourists. For example, Korea, wherein 60% of the land is forest, attracts ecotourists. With the increasing interests in environment, the number of tourists visiting the ecosystem forest, which is highly valued for its conservation, is increasing significantly every year and is receiving considerable attention from the government. However, poor facilities in the forest ecotourism sites and improper market strategies are the reasons for the poor running of these sites. Furthermore, tourists' environmental awareness affects ecology environmental pollution or the optimization of forest ecotourism. In order to verify the relationships among tourist attractiveness, environmental consciousness, charm degrees of the attractions, and attitudes after tours, we established some scales based on existing research achievement. Then, using these scales, the researcher completed the questionnaire survey. From December 20, 2010 to February 20, 2011, after conducting surveys for 12 weeks, we finally obtained 582 valid questionnaires, from a total of 700 questionnaires, that could be used in statistical analysis. First, for the method of research and analysis, the researcher initially applied the Cronbach's (Alpha) for verifying the reliability, and subsequently applied the Exploratory factor analysis for verifying the validity. Second, in order to analyze the demographics, the researcher makes use of the Frequency analysis for the AMOS, measurement model, structural equation model computing, and also utilizes construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. Third, for the analysis of the ecotourists' environmental consciousness, impacts on tourist attractiveness, charm degrees of the attractions, and attitudes after the tour, the researcher uses AMOS 19, with the path analysis and equation of structure. After the research, researchers found that high awareness of natural protection lead to high tourist motivation and satisfaction and more positive attitude after the tour. Moreover, this research shows the psychological and behavioral reactions of the ecotourists to the ecotourist development. Accordingly, environmental consciousness does not affect the tourist attractiveness that has been interpreted as significant. Furthermore, people should focus on the change of natural protection consciousness and psychological reaction of ecotourists while ensuring the sustainable development of ecotourists and developing some ecotourist programs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.91-101
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• 2019

Tourism or travel business consists of a set of services for people who visit exotic places. Payment is usually marking the end of the series of activities relating to tourism, and it becomes the linkage for the next activity. With the recent advancement of mobile Fintech technologies, we have learned that more convenient and more secure financial transactions are improving the quality of tourism. It should be noted that tourism counts on information technology heavily in terms of mobile Internet and smart devices use, which yields to a wide business opportunities for Fintech startups. However, payment information has not been highlighted for additional marketing promotion activities. The lack of research into information technology-based business models that extend Fintech services related to payment in venture start-up studies hinders the understanding of the possibility of creating new business through the value creation process after payment. This study attempts to investigate this issue based on the theory of smart tourism and service-dominant logic with developing a new information system. More specifically, marketing promotion activities after payment for Chinese tourists visiting Korea are examined. Specifically, WeChat Pay and instant tax refund service were considered while the system was developed by following desing science research methodology. This study is meaningful in that it finds a new possibility of Fintech business model by applying scientific and academic methods, and it reminds the necessity of service automation system centered on instant tax refund.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

The development of the traffic system has brought relative reduction in aspect of the cost and time distance on the geographical space. SOC(social overhead capital), an express highway and railroad, has a great and absolute effect on the prosperity of community, As Mokpo is one of the community under the influence q West costal highway express and KTX(Korea Train Express), the number of the tourists visiting city of port like Mokpo has increasing gradually, especially at the high-demand season(in Summer). But the coastal passenger boot can't be capable of customers arriving at the port. As a result of this situation, the 'balking' occurs. No 'balking', means the jam of road. In this thesis, by understanding the concept and property of ARENA and simulating operation of coastal passenger boot at Mokpo port, intends to analyze the truth of 'balking' and finds an effective operation method of coastal passenger boot for the solution to the traffic jam. The solution to the jam in the vicinity of port of Mokpo, which try to develop tourism package commodity now, will present the effect of qualitative analysis in giving an opportunity of economic growth of the community, Mokpo.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.4
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• pp.123-144
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• 2006

Foreigners who arrived in Korea after the age of enlightenment were Japanese, Chinese and 'Westerners' who were Europeans and Americans. The westerners were diplomats who visited Korea for colonization or for increasing their economical profits by trading after the spread of imperialism, and tourists curious of back countries, artists, explores and missionaries to perform their roles for their religious beliefs. They contacted with Korean cultural and educational people as missionaries and instructors during Japanese colonial period. In 1945, the allied forces occupied Korea under the name of takeover of Japanese colony after Japan's surrender and the relation between foreigners and Korean cultured men enter upon a new phase. For 3 years, American soldiers enforced lots of systems in Korea and many pro-American people were educated. This relationship lasted even after the establishment of the government of Korean Republic and especially, diplomats called as pro-Korean group came again after Korean War. Among them, there were lots of foreigners interested in cultures and arts. In particular, government officials under American Forces who were influential on political circles or diplomats widened their insights toward Korean cultural assets and collected them a lot. Those who were in Korea from the period of independence to 1950s wrote their impressions about Korean cultural assets on newspapers or journals after visiting contemporary Korean exhibitions. Among them, A. J. McTaggart, Richard Hertz and the Hendersons were dominant. They thought the artists had great interests in compromising and uniting the Orient and the West based on their knowledge of Korean cultural assets and they advised. However, it was different from Korean artist's point of view that the foreigners thought Korean art adhered oriental features and contained western contents. From foreigners' point of view, it is hard to understand the attitude Korean artists chose to keep their self-respect through experiencing the Korean war. It is difficult to distinguish their thought about Korean art based on their exotic taste from the Korean artists' local and peninsular features under Japanese imperialism. We can see their thought about Korean art and their viewpoint toward the third world, after staying in Korea for a short period and being a member of the first world. The basic thing was that they could see the potentialities through the worldwide, beautiful Korean cultural assets and they thought it was important to start with traditions. It is an evidence showing Korean artists' pride in regard to the art culture through experiencing the infringement of their country. By writing about illuminating Korean art from the third party's view, foreigners represented their thoughts through it that their economical, military superiority goes with their cultural superiority. The Korean artist's thought of emphasizing Korean history and traditions, reexamining and using it as an original creation may have been inspired by westerners' writings. 'The establishment of national art' that Korean artists gave emphasis then, didn't only affect one of the reactions toward external impact, 'the adhesion of tradition'. In the process of introducing Korean contemporary art and national treasure in America, different view caused by role differences-foreigner as selector and Korean as assistant-showed the fact evidently that the standard of beauty differed between them. By emphasizing that the basis to classify Korean cultural assets is different from the neighborhood China and Japan, they tried to reflect their understanding that the feature of Korean art is on speciality other than universality. And this make us understand that even when Korean artists profess modernism, they stress that the roots are on Korean and oriental tradition. It was obviously a different thought from foreigners' view on Korean art that Korean artists' conception of modernism and traditional roots are inherent in Korean history. In 1950s, after the independence, Korea had different ideas from foreigners that abstract was to be learned from the west. Korea was enduring tough times with their artists' self-respect which made them think that they can learn the method, but the spirit of abstract is in the orient.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.175-191
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• 2011

With the MICE(Meeting, Incentive travel, Convention, Exhibition) industry coming into the spotlight, there has been a growing interest in the domestic exhibition industry. Accordingly, in Korea, various studies of the industry are being conducted to enhance exhibition performance as in the United States or Europe. Some studies are focusing particularly on analyzing visiting patterns of exhibition visitors using intelligent information technology in consideration of the variations in effects of watching exhibitions according to the exhibitory environment or technique, thereby understanding visitors and, furthermore, drawing the correlations between exhibiting businesses and improving exhibition performance. However, previous studies related to booth recommendation systems only discussed the accuracy of recommendation in the aspect of a system rather than determining changes in visitors' behavior or perception by recommendation. A booth recommendation system enables visitors to visit unplanned exhibition booths by recommending visitors suitable ones based on information about visitors' visits. Meanwhile, some visitors may be satisfied with their unplanned visits, while others may consider the recommending process to be cumbersome or obstructive to their free observation. In the latter case, the exhibition is likely to produce worse results compared to when visitors are allowed to freely observe the exhibition. Thus, in order to apply a booth recommendation system to exhibition halls, the factors affecting the performance of the system should be generally examined, and the effects of the system on visitors' unplanned visiting behavior should be carefully studied. As such, this study aims to determine the factors that affect the performance of a booth recommendation system by reviewing theories and literature and to examine the effects of visitors' perceived performance of the system on their satisfaction of unplanned behavior and intention to reuse the system. Toward this end, the unplanned behavior theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. Unplanned behavior can be defined as "behavior that is done by consumers without any prearranged plan". Thus far, consumers' unplanned behavior has been studied in various fields. The field of marketing, in particular, has focused on unplanned purchasing among various types of unplanned behavior, which has been often confused with impulsive purchasing. Nevertheless, the two are different from each other; while impulsive purchasing means strong, continuous urges to purchase things, unplanned purchasing is behavior with purchasing decisions that are made inside a store, not before going into one. In other words, all impulsive purchases are unplanned, but not all unplanned purchases are impulsive. Then why do consumers engage in unplanned behavior? Regarding this question, many scholars have made many suggestions, but there has been a consensus that it is because consumers have enough flexibility to change their plans in the middle instead of developing plans thoroughly. In other words, if unplanned behavior costs much, it will be difficult for consumers to change their prearranged plans. In the case of the exhibition hall examined in this study, visitors learn the programs of the hall and plan which booth to visit in advance. This is because it is practically impossible for visitors to visit all of the various booths that an exhibition operates due to their limited time. Therefore, if the booth recommendation system proposed in this study recommends visitors booths that they may like, they can change their plans and visit the recommended booths. Such visiting behavior can be regarded similarly to consumers' visit to a store or tourists' unplanned behavior in a tourist spot and can be understand in the same context as the recent increase in tourism consumers' unplanned behavior influenced by information devices. Thus, the following research model was established. This research model uses visitors' perceived performance of a booth recommendation system as the parameter, and the factors affecting the performance include trust in the system, exhibition visitors' knowledge levels, expected personalization of the system, and the system's threat to freedom. In addition, the causal relation between visitors' satisfaction of their perceived performance of the system and unplanned behavior and their intention to reuse the system was determined. While doing so, trust in the booth recommendation system consisted of 2nd order factors such as competence, benevolence, and integrity, while the other factors consisted of 1st order factors. In order to verify this model, a booth recommendation system was developed to be tested in 2011 DMC Culture Open, and 101 visitors were empirically studied and analyzed. The results are as follows. First, visitors' trust was the most important factor in the booth recommendation system, and the visitors who used the system perceived its performance as a success based on their trust. Second, visitors' knowledge levels also had significant effects on the performance of the system, which indicates that the performance of a recommendation system requires an advance understanding. In other words, visitors with higher levels of understanding of the exhibition hall learned better the usefulness of the booth recommendation system. Third, expected personalization did not have significant effects, which is a different result from previous studies' results. This is presumably because the booth recommendation system used in this study did not provide enough personalized services. Fourth, the recommendation information provided by the booth recommendation system was not considered to threaten or restrict one's freedom, which means it is valuable in terms of usefulness. Lastly, high performance of the booth recommendation system led to visitors' high satisfaction levels of unplanned behavior and intention to reuse the system. To sum up, in order to analyze the effects of a booth recommendation system on visitors' unplanned visits to a booth, empirical data were examined based on the unplanned behavior theory and, accordingly, useful suggestions for the establishment and design of future booth recommendation systems were made. In the future, further examination should be conducted through elaborate survey questions and survey objects.