• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.93-118
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• 2013

In this study, the forest vegetation of Jirisan National Park were classified into 20 communities, 3 subcommunities by the Z-M method. In the analysis of environmental factors, the organic matter and total nitrogen had the highest correlation on the subalpine forests. among them Picea jezoensis community showed the highest, Betula ermanii community, Taxus cuspidata community, Pinus koraiensis community, Abies nephrolepis community and Abies koreana community were represented in order. the K, Mg, Ca had correlation on th montane forests; Quercus mongolica community, Quercus serrata community, Stewartia pseudocamellia community, Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community were in order. the total nitrogen, electrical conductivity and organic matter had the highest correlation of the montane ravine forests; Fraxinus mandshurica community, Abies holophylla community, Betula costata community, Cornus controversa community and Carpinus laxiflora community were in order.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.747-757
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• 2014

Since the air contamination by air pollutants from indoor construction materials and daily supplies has been increased in recent decades, the public interest of using environmentally friendly products and improving indoor air quality also attracted much attention. As known as effects of phytoncide, it has been used in construction materials and daily supplies with various method. In this study, hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) was used because of its high contents of phytoncide. The leaves of hinoki cypress (C. obtusa), which generated by pruning, were extracted by steam distillation, and then used as humidification water source. Volatile organic compound (VOC) from C. obtusa were characterized by GC-MS (Gas chromatograph-Mass spectrophotometry) in order to evaluate effects and risks of using C. obtusa extracts. Total 86 types and 116 types of VOC were detected from distilled water (DI water) and C. obtusa extracts, respectively. Aromatic compounds (DI water: 13 types, 53%; C. obtusa extracts: 13 types, 38%) and terpenoids (DI water: 16 types, 23%; C. obtusa extracts: 23 types, 33%) were detected more diverse types and higher amount than other compound categories. No additional aromatic compounds were found from C. obtusa extracts, so C. obtusa extracts did not affect on aromatic compounds emission. However, in terpenoids, total amount of emission from C. obtusa extracts increased to 33% from 23% (DI water) and 7 more types of compounds were found from C. obtusa extracts. Especially, from C. obtusa extracts, terpinen-4-ol was emitted 71 times higher than DI water. During the humidification with C. obtusa extracts, emitted terpenoid compounds were well known for higher anti-bacterial, anti-insect, and anti-septic functions, but also these had anti-hypertensive and anti-cancer activities. Therefore, terpenoids from C. obtusa extracts can help to improve public health by using humidifier.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.4
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• pp.543-547
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• 2001

An fungus gnat, Bradysia agrestis in the family Sciaridae was collected from Pinus spp. seedlings. This pest is a newly recorded insect from P. thunbergii, P. rigida, P. rigitaeda, and P. densiflora seedling. Brief morphological characters, damage symptom, host plants associated with the B. agrestis were recored. Significant variation in damaged of Pinus spp. seedling was attributed to differences between pine species(P. thunbergii : 15.4-20.0%, P. rigida : 23.1-48.8%, and P. rigitaeda : 13.8-67.5%, respectively) and sowing times(May : P. densiflora, 0%; P. rigida, 0%, July : P. densiflora, 20.0%; P. rigida, 49.4%, respectively).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.236-247
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• 2015

Domestic agricultural and forest management suffers disturbances arising from rapid economic, social and environmental changes including climate change. Sustainable management has emerged as a key to overcoming these challenges. From the domestic and international viewpoint, we have identified mainly three (i.e. indicator, accounting, and ecological) approaches to sustainable management of agricultural and forest ecosystems. Compared to persistent investment in indicator and accounting approaches, we find the paucity of the domestic efforts in ecological approach. The latter approach can be facilitated based on the long-term meteorological and flux data including the ecosystem-level energy, matter and information flows, which have been monitored and managed by Korea Meteorological Administration, Rural Development Administration and Korea Forest Service. In order to keep up with vigorous international efforts toward sustainable ecosystem management, more interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaborations among diverse domestic sectors and institutes are essential.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2022

Wild boars (Sus scrofa) not only cause crop damage and human casualties, but also facilitate the spread of many infectious diseases in domestic animals and humans. To determine the efficiency of a fencing system in blocking the movement of wild boars, long-term monitoring was performed in a fenced area in Bukhansan National Park using camera traps. Upon monitoring for a period of 46 months, there was a 72.6% reduction in the number of wild boar appearances in the fence-enclosed area, compared to that in the unenclosed area. For 20 months after the fence installation, the blocking effect of the fence was effective enough to reduce the appearance of wild boars by 92.6% in the fence-enclosed area, compared to that in the unenclosed area. The blocking effect of the fence remained effective for 20 months after its installation, after which its effectiveness decreased. Maintaining a fence for a long time is likely to lead to habitat fragmentation. It can also block the movement of other wild animals, including the endangered species - the long-tailed goral. This study suggests a 20-month retention period for the fences installed to inhibit the movement of wild boars in wide forests such as Gangwon-do in South Korea. To identify how long the blocking effect of the fences lasts, further studies are needed focusing on the length and height of the fence, and the conditions of the ground surface.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2024

Currently, social interest in post-cremation funerals is growing due to the establishment of cremation culture. In addition, as awareness of nature-friendly funeral methods spreads in modern times, the demand for tree burial grounds and tree groves, which are representative natural burial methods, is increasing. However, if the current method of relying on trees is used, the forest burial may damage the forest and turn it into another cemetery. The tree decoration is a funeral method that contains the temporal meaning of humans returning to the space of nature that we have, and the philosophical meaning that humans return in compliance with nature. Like this, there are quite a few concerns. Even though tree burials are not the traditional burial facilities we are familiar with, many of the facilities and operating systems adopt the standards of park cemeteries and have stricter standards and restrictions than natural burials under the law. This rigidity is intended to preserve the forest, but the reality is that it limits the expansion and operation of tree plantations. To this end, this study seeks to find specific improvement measures for sustainable tree plantation operation. To this end, we look at the types of natural fields in foreign countries and find directions for tree planting that can be effectively applied and established in accordance with the sentiments of the people. Specific improvement measures include an enshrinement method that does not rely on memorial trees, the operation of anonymous or anonymous tree planting, a change in the method of visiting and commemorating, and various mountaineering methods, thereby suggesting alternatives to sustainable tree planting in Korea. The place where tree planting is implemented is the forest, that is, the forest itself. I should be a place where the spirit of natural return, which is the essence of the deceased, can be celebrated through the forest, not a funeral facility. By doing so, it will be possible to provide the public value of the forest, that is, the social function of the forest, in the name of an eco-friendly funeral service.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2009

The newly sequenced complete mitochondrial genome of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys($St{\aa}l$) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a circular molecule of 16,518 bp with a total A+T content of 76.4% and two extensive repeat regions in A+T rich region. Nucleotide composition and codon usage of H. halys are about average when compared with values observed in 19 other published hemipteran mitochondrial genomes. Phylogenetic analyses using these 20 hemipteran mitochondrial genomes support the currently accepted hypothesis that suborders Heteroptera and Auchenorrhyncha form a monophyletic group. The mitochondrial gene arrangements of the 20 genomes are also consistent with our results.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.643-658
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• 2020

Recent economic and income growth in Korea has caused people to seek healthier and happier lives. Forests are seen as spaces that provide tourism and recreation. The Korea forest service and local governments are developing and designating recreational forests but previous studies on the subject have only covered customer satisfaction and how forests are used. As such, the current study aims to find issues with designation criteria for recreational forests used by Gwangju city in Gyeonggi province and suggest improvements to the system. Site E was deemed the most adequate in evaluations of five candidate site. The criteria used in the evaluations were problematic due to (1) a lack of differentiating power in evaluation items, (2) blanket coverage of score ranges, (3) a lack of additional points for special sites, and (4) unclear evaluation indices. Based on the identified issues, the current study suggests introducing additional points and clearly detailing evaluation indices and items to enhance the evaluation of recreational forest candidate sites.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.679-686
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• 2014

This study analysed differences between importance and performance of 2014 forest interpreter training program through IPA with the aim to provide suggestions and improvement. First the results of a comparison of the overall average of performance and importance showed importance is higher than performance. Afterwards, the result of IPA showed that confidence of being an interpreter, active involvement, the understanding of the value of forest, expansion of the understanding of forest, the understanding of the mission of interpreter, and the understanding of the qualification of interpreter, those 6 items belong to the I quadrant. In the case of the II quadrant there were interest of the content of education and to learn a lot of things through education. Next, those how to deal with service, planning interpreter programs, clarity of the content of education, accuracy of the content of education, validity of the content of education, appropriate number of participants, and appropriate time of education involved in III quadrant. Finally, concentration in the education and the understanding of the topic of education situated in IV quadrant.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.163-170
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• 2017

Internet of things (IoT) is a new paradigm for collecting, processing and analyzing various contents in order to detect anomalies and to monitor particular patterns in a specific environment. The collected data can be used to discover new patterns and to offer new insights. IoT-enabled data mashup is a new technology to combine various types of information from multiple sources into a single web service. Mashup services create a new horizon for different applications. Environmental monitoring is a serious tool for the state and private organizations, which are located in regions with environmental hazards and seek to gain insights to detect hazards and locate them clearly. These organizations may utilize IoT - enabled data mashup service to merge different types of datasets from different IoT sensor networks in order to leverage their data analytics performance and the accuracy of the predictions. This paper presents an IoT - enabled data mashup service, where the multimedia data is collected from the various IoT platforms, then fed into an environmental cognition service which executes different image processing techniques such as noise removal, segmentation, and feature extraction, in order to detect interesting patterns in hazardous areas. The noise present in the captured images is eliminated with the help of a noise removal and background subtraction processes. Markov based approach was utilized to segment the possible regions of interest. The viable features within each region were extracted using a multiresolution wavelet transform, then fed into a discriminative classifier to extract various patterns. Experimental results have shown an accurate detection performance and adequate processing time for the proposed approach. We also provide a data mashup scenario for an IoT-enabled environmental hazard detection service and experimentation results.