• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2020

Purpose: Cervicogenic headache (CGH) is pain referred to the head/ face from the structures in vicinity of upper cervical spinal nerves via trigeminocervical pathway. Ponticulus Posticus (PP) and Elongated Styloid Process (ESP) are anatomical structures that cause compression of vasculature present around upper cervical nerve plexus. Recently, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has shown to play an essential role in identification of these high-pressure zones in the brain. The aim of this research is to study the association of ESP and PP in patients with CGH and to develop a hypothesis by CFD to analyse vertebrobasilar insufficiency as a contributing factor in occurrence of CGH. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 4500 full skull CBCT scans was done for the presence of partial or complete PP and length of Styloid Process (SP). Research was divided into two phases; In first Preliminary Phase, 150 scans that showed the presence of PP and ESP were analysed, and only 134 patients gave consent to fill the questionnaire containing 96 question items pertaining to symptoms associated with CGH. In the second phase, simulation of Vertebral and Carotid Artery was done using Fluent 14.5 Software and by CFD, pressure distribution on arteries was obtained that helped to identify high pressure regions. Results: Both PP and ESP showed a statistically significant association with CGH (p<0.001). By CFD analysis, both steady and transient phases of simulation showed drop in pressure due to constriction of internal carotid and vertebral artery by ESP and PP respectively and were found to decrease the volume of blood reaching the brain, 0.12 /0.13 mL and 0.06 mL respectively. Conclusions: Our analysis proves ESP and PP as contributing factors towards CGH. Hence for proper diagnosis and management of headache disorders, clinicians should have adequate knowledge about these anatomical structures and their resulting clinical symptoms.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2021

Background: Generally, pharmacokinetics (PK) models could be stratified into two models. The compartment PK model uses the concept of simple compartmentalization to describe complex bodies, and the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model describes the body using multi-compartment networking. Notwithstanding sharing a theoretical background in both models, there was still a lack of knowledge to enhance compatibility in both models. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility among PBPK, lumping model and compartment PK model with voriconazole PK case study. Methods: The number of compartments and blood flow on each tissue in the PBPK model were modified using the lumping method, considering physiological similarities. The concentration-time profiles and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) parameters were simulated at each model, assuming taken voriconazole oral 400 mg single dose. After that, those mentioned PK parameters were compared. Results: The PK profiles and parameters of voriconazole in the three models were similar that proves their compatibility. The AUC of central compartment in the PBPK and lumping model was within a 2-fold range compared to those in the 2- compartment model. The AUC of non-eliminating tissues compartment in the PBPK model was similar to those in the lumping model. Conclusion: Regarding the compatibility of the three PK models, the utilization of the lumping method was confirmed by suggesting its reliable PK parameters with PBPK and compartment PK models. Further case studies are recommended to confirm our findings.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서 내부자가 합법적인 권한을 이용하여 불법적인 정보 유출 행위를 차단하는 접근통제 모델 IM-ACM(Insider Misuse-Access Control Model)을 제안하였다. IM-ACM은 상황역할과 개체의 보안속성을 활용하여 보안성을 강화시킨 CA-TRBAC(Context Aware-Task Role Based Access Control)에 오용 모니터 기능을 추가하여 내부자가 데이터를 올바르게 사용하는지 감시한다. 내부자에 의한 정보 유출은 합법적인 접근권한, 접근시스템에 대한 풍부한 지식 등의 내부자의 특성으로 인해 차단하기가 곤란하다. IM-ACM은 CA-TRBAC의 장점인 상황과 보안속성을 이용하여 서로 상이한 보안등급의 객체간 정보 흐름을 방지하고 오용 모니터를 활용하여 내부자의 실제 진행 프로세스를 최근 역할, 직무와 작업 프로세스 패턴 프로파일과 비교하여 내부자의 오용행위을 차단한다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1253-1270
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• 2021

Assessment of male fertility is based on the evaluation of sperm. Semen evaluation measures various sperm quality parameters as fertility indicators. However, semen evaluation has limitations, and it requires the advancement and application of strict quality control methods to interpret the results. This article reviews the recent advances in evaluating various sperm-specific quality characteristics and methodologies, with the help of different assays to assess sperm-fertility status. Sperm evaluation methods that include conventional microscopic methods, computer-assisted sperm analyzers (CASA), and flow cytometric analysis, provide precise information related to sperm morphology and function. Moreover, profiling fertility-related biomarkers in sperm or seminal plasma can be helpful in predicting fertility. Identification of different sperm proteins and diagnosis of DNA damage has positively contributed to the existing pool of knowledge about sperm physiology and molecular anomalies associated with different infertility issues in males. Advances in methods and sperm-specific evaluation has subsequently resulted in a better understanding of sperm biology that has improved the diagnosis and clinical management of male factor infertility. Accurate sperm evaluation is of paramount importance in the application of artificial insemination and assisted reproductive technology. However, no single test can precisely determine fertility; the selection of an appropriate test or a set of tests and parameters is required to accurately determine the fertility of specific animal species. Therefore, a need to further calibrate the CASA and advance the gene expression tests is recommended for faster and field-level applications.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-81
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• 2021

The advent of the convergence era led to the convergence of industries while increasing the uncertainty of R&D. R&D uncertainty can be addressed by identifying and addressing industrial innovation patterns, which Neo-Schumpeterian suggested can be identified through the process of identifying the technical characteristics of a particular industry, which can be embodied in the concept of technology trajectory. Thus, this study considered and proposed a method to track the technology trajectory of the convergence industry through topic modeling and patent citation network analysis, and applied it to the micro medical robot industry, which is a representative convergence industry, to track the technology trajectory of active catheter. In particular, it is intended to identify the unique characteristics of the industry by identifying the industry before the promotion of the national-led medical robot industry support policy. Therefore, we tried to understand the innovation pattern of the industry by tracking the technology trajectory of the industry before 2017, the time of full-scale support for the medical robot industry in the United States. Through tracking technology trajectories, the role of each technology classification, the development path, and the knowledge flow between applicants were analyzed empirically. The results of this study are expected to contribute to resolving the remaining uncertainties in the process of establishing an active catheter R&D strategy, one of the leading convergence industries, and furthermore, it is expected to be available for tracking technology trajectories in other industries.

• 급식외식위생학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2021

Concerns regarding work and food safety in foodservice operations are growing. The purpose of the study is to suggest guidelines for designing foodservice facilities, including school foodservices and Korean restaurants. A case of a franchise restaurant specializing in a Korean food item, Seolleongtang, was used to explain the facility design. The contents of the manual included ways to determine space allocation, calculate the application of utilities and the diameters of supply utility pipelines, and suggestions on how to decide on air conditioning equipment. The standards of the American Gas Association and the Japan Foodservice Equipment Association (JFEA) were applied to design the restaurant space. The JFEA standards and knowledge based on experience and statistics were applied to calculate the usage of utilities like fuel and water. The standards of JFEA and the Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Sanitary Engineers of Japan were applied to calculate the diameters of the water supply and drainage pipelines. For the setting of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, three ways to carry out the calculation of effective ventilation were explained, as well as options to dicide the standard parameters of the duct and ventilation fans. This manual can contribute to the design of effective and efficient foodservice facilities and help secure the work safety of foodservice employees thereby ensuring food safety.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2022

Objectives The purpose of this systematic review is to analyse randomized controlled trials about acupuncture for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and evaluate it's pain improvement effect. Methods Studies will be searched from ten databases (Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], WanFang Data, Citation Information by NII [CiNII], ScienceON, Koreanstudies Information Service System [KISS], KMBASE, and KoreaMed). Participants will be patients diagnosed with PFPS, regardless of cause, gender, age or race, and interventions will be acupuncture, electroacupuncture, dry needling, fire needle, and acupotomy. Other treatments than interventions will be the control group and the main outcome will be reviewed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Results Data will be extracted and assessed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis flow chart and Cochrane risk of bias tools. Meta-analysis will be conducted using random effect model within 95% confidence interval. Conclusions We expect this systematic review to provide useful data about the pain improvements of patellofemoral pain using acupuncture and expect to stimulate and systematize acupuncture treatment on PFPS in the future.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.785-792
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• 2021

4차 산업혁명 이후 인공지능, 빅 데이터와 같은 기술들의 발전으로 사회 전반에 다양한 변화가 일어나고 있으며, 핵심적인 기술 적용 과정에서 수집할 수 있는 데이터의 양도 급속하게 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히 학계에서는 연구 동향을 파악하기 위하여 기존에 생성된 문헌 데이터에 대한 분석이 이루어지고 있으며, 이러한 문헌 분석은 연구의 흐름을 정리하고, 어떤 연구 방법론이나 주제, 또는 현재 학계에서 화두가 되고 있는 대상에 대한 파악을 통하여 향후 연구 방향 설정에 많은 기여를 하고 있는 상황이다. 그러나 문서 데이터의 분석을 위하여 데이터 수집이 필요하나, 일반적으로 프로그램에 대한 전문 지식이 없는 경우 접근하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 텍스트 마이닝 기반의 토픽 모델링 웹 애플리케이션 모델을 제안한다. 제안 모델을 통하여 데이터 분석 기법에 대한 전문적인 지식이 부족하더라도, 연구 논문의 수집, 저장, 텍스트 분석과 같은 다양한 작업을 진행할 수 있으며, 연구자들이 선행 연구 분석과 연구 동향을 파악하기 위하여 데이터 분석에 투입되는 시간 및 노력을 단축시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.258-260
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• 2022

비전공자에게는 처음 접하는 SW 개발환경과 이해, 전공과의 관련성, 융합 능력 등의 어려움을 겪게 된다. 비전공자를 위해 비교적 쉽게 접근할 수 있는 소프트웨어 교육을 활용하였고 SW 교육 초보자에게 적용할 수 있는 시연 중심모델(DMM)을 적용하여 실생활에서 사용되는 애플리케이션과 전공과 관련된 아이디어의 구성요소와 논리적 흐름 파악할 수 있도록 교수자의 시연과 학습자의 모방을 통한 반복적인 구현과 학습동기 유발 요소를 결합한 융합 SW 교수법을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 교수학습법을 적용한 실험에서 SW 교육에서 학습동기와 학업성취도 측면에서 의미 있는 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.31.1-31.8
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• 2024

Background: Recently, there has been a growing interest in stem cells for human medicine. Limited feline endometrial mesenchymal stem cell (fEM-MSC) research in veterinary medicine necessitates reporting for future feline disease research and therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to isolate fEM-MSCs from feline endometrial tissues and evaluate their morphology, proliferative ability, differentiation ability, and immunophenotype. Methods: Feline endometrial tissues were obtained from the ovariohysterectomies of healthy cats and isolated using an enzymatic method. The morphology and proliferative ability of the isolated cells were assessed using a doubling time (DT) assay from passages 3 to 6 (P3 - P6). We measured pluripotency gene expressions of cells in P2 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). To investigate MSC characteristics, a trilineage differentiation assay was conducted in P4, and cells in P4 were immunophenotyped using flow cytometry. Results: fEM-MSCs showed a typical spindle-shaped morphology under a microscope, and the DT was maintained from P3 to P6. fEM-MSCs could differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes, and expressed three pluripotency markers (OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG) by qRT-PCR. Immunophenotypic analysis showed that the fEM-MSCs were CD14 ^-, CD34 ^-, CD45 ^-, CD9⁺, and CD44⁺. Conclusions: In this study, the feline endometrium was a novel source of MSCs, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation method and characteristics of fEM-MSCs.