• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.188-194
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• 1993

Anastomosis types and hyphal interactions in culture among different location and field isolates of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1(IA), R. oryzae and R. oryzae-sativae were examined. In the pairings of R. solani AG-1(IA) isolates, cytoplasmic fusion only occurred in the self-anastomoses, and non-cytoplasmic fusion occurred in the other combinations. In the pairings of R. oryzae isolates, cytoplasmic fusion occurred in six combinations between different location isolates and in two combinations between different field isolates from the same locations as well as in the self-anastomoses. In that case, four isolates of the fungus reciprocally made the cytoplasmic fusion. In the pairings of R. oryzae-sativae isolates, only non-cytoplasmic fusion occurred among the different location and field isolates, in which cytoplasmic fusion also occurred in the self-anastomoses. When non-cytoplasmic fusion isolates(NCFIs) of R. solani AG-1(IA) were opposed on PDA, a killing zone developed between the NCFls paired after incubation. The killing zone also developed between the NCFls of R. oryzae paired. No killing zone developed between the cytoplasmic fusion isolates(CFIs) of R. oryzae, in which mycelia of the CFIs intermingled with each other without formation of any demarcation line. An entangled zone instead of the killing zone developed between the NCFIs of R. oryzae-sativae.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2012

We study half lightlike submanifolds M of semi-Riemannian manifolds $\widetilde{M}$ of quasi-constant curvatures. The main result is a characterization theorem for screen homothetic Einstein half lightlike submanifolds of a Lorentzian manifold of quasi-constant curvature subject to the conditions; (1) the curvature vector field of $\widetilde{M}$ is tangent to M, and (2) the co-screen distribution is a conformal Killing one.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.605-613
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• 2007

Main interest of the present paper is to investigate the criticality of characteristic vector fields on almost cosymplectic manifolds. Killing critical characteristic vector fields are absolute minima. This paper contains some examples of non-Killing critical characteristic vector fields.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.211-228
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• 2012

We study lightlike submanifolds M of a semi-Riemannian manifold $\bar{M}$ with a semi-symmetric non-metric connection subject to the conditions; (a) the characteristic vector field of $\bar{M}$ is tangent to M, (b) the screen distribution on M is totally umbilical in M and (c) the co-screen distribution on M is conformal Killing.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.393-406
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• 2024

In the present paper, we classify the Ricci solitons and the Ricci bi-conformal vector fields on the model space Sol⁴₁. Also, we show that which of them are gradient vector fields and Killing vector fields.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1235-1255
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• 2018

We provide definitions for the helicoidal Killing field and the helicoid in arbitrary three-manifolds, and investigate helicoids and ruled minimal surfaces in homogeneous three-manifolds, mainly in $SL_2{\mathbb{R}}$ and Sol(3). In so doing we finish our classification of ruled minimal surfaces in homogeneous three-manifolds with the isometry group of dimension 4.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.539-539
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.230.2-230.2
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• 2016

A new approach for antimicrobial is based on the overproduction of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), especially; nitric oxide (NO) and peroxinitrite ($ONOO^-$-) are important factors to deactivate the bacteria. Recently, non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) has been frequently used in the field of microbial sterilization through the generation of different kinds of RNS/ROS species. However, in previous study we showed APPJ has combine effects ROS/RNS on bacterial sterilization. It is not still clear whether this bacterial killing effect has been done through ROS or RNS. We need to further investigate separate effect of ROS and RNS on bacterial sterilization. Hence, in this work, we have enhanced NO production, especially; by applying a 1% of HNO3 vapour to the N2 based APPJ. In comparison with nitrogen plasma with inclusion of water vapour plasma, it has been shown that nitrogen plasma with inclusion of 1% of HNO3 vapour has higher efficiency in killing the E. coli and different type of cancer cell through the high production of NO. We also investigate the enhancement of NO species both in atmosphere by emission spectrum and inside the solution by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, qPCR analysis of oxidative stress mRNA shows higher gene expression. It is noted that 1% of HNO3 vapour plasma generates high amount of NO for killing bacteria and cancer cell killing.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2008

The object of the present paper is to study some properties of a quasi Einstein manifold. A non-trivial concrete example of a quasi Einstein manifold is also given.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.175-183
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• 2019

In this paper, it is investigated Lorentz force equations for $N_1$ and $N_2$-magnetic curves in 3-Dimensional Euclidean space. We give the Lorentz force in the Bishop frame in ${\mathbb{E}}^3$. Then, we obtain a new characterization for a magnetic field V. Also, we also give examples for each curve.