• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.743-752
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• 2012

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common disorder worldwide which ranks 5th and 7th most common cancer among men and women. In recent years, different incidence trends have been observed in various regions, but the reasons are not completely understood. However, due to the great public efforts in HCC prevention and alternation of lifestyle, the roles of some well documented risk factors played in hepatocarcinogenesis might have changed. This paper summarizes both the environmental and host related risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma including well established risk factors such as hepatitis virus infection, aflatoxin and alcohol, as well as possible risk factors such as coffee drinking and other dietary agents.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.130-135
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• 2013

Until now, passenger airbag design is based on the referred car design and many repetitive crash tests have been done to meet the crash performance. In this paper, it was suggested a new design process of passenger airbag. First, key performance factors were determined by analyzing the injury risk effectiveness of each performance factor. And it was made a relationship between injury risk and performance factor by using the response surface model. By using this one, it can be predicted the injury risk of head and neck. Predicted injury risk of optimal design was obtained through this injury risk prediction model and it was verified by FE analysis result within 18% error of head and 9% error of neck. It was shown that a target crash performance can be met by controlling the key performance factors only.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4759-4763
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• 2013

Background: Prognostic factors of postoperative early and late recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing curative resection remain to be clarified. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for postoperative early (${\leq}$ 2 year) and late (> 2 year) intrahepatic recurrences in patients with single HCCs without macrovascular invasion. Methods: A total of 280 patients from December 2004 to December 2007 were retrospectively included in this study. Intrahepatic recurrence was classified into early (${\leq}$ 2 year) and late (> 2 year) and the Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine significant risk factors. Results: During the follow-up, 124 patients had intrahepatic recurrence, early and late in 82 and 42 patients, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that microvascular invasion (p=0.006, HR: 2.397, 95% CI: 1.290-4.451) was the only independent risk factor for early recurrence, while being female (p = 0.031, HR: 0.326, 95% CI: 0.118-0.901), and having a high degree of cirrhosis (P=0.001, HR: 2.483, 95% CI: 1.417-4.349) were independent risk factors for late recurrence. Conclusions: Early and late recurrence of HCC is linked to different risk factors in patients with single HCC without macrovascular invasion. This results suggested different emphases of strategies for prevent of recurrence after curative resection, more active intervention including adjuvant therapy, anti-cirrhosis drugs and careful follow-up being necessary for patients with relevant risk factors.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2011

Building construction projects have various risk factors, so accidents is easily occurred in construction field. Therefore, many studies have been carried out to find methods for reducing such accidents. However, most of these studies have been focused to engineering factors, such as working methods and safety guards and equipments. The purpose of this study is to select the key accident risk factors in building construction projects. For this study, we identified the accident risk factors, which include engineering, education, and enforcement factors, and quantitatively evaluated these factors using an analytic hierarchical process. Identifying the key accident risk factors will help to reduce accidents in building construction projects.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.140-149
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• 2007

Indian construction companies have only 0.05% market share in the 3-4 trillion dollar global construction business and only two Indian construction companies figure in the ENR "Top 225 Global Contractors 2006" list. Hence, while enormous scope for growth exists, international construction experience is limited. This study explores the risks as perceived by Indian companies venturing abroad since risks in international construction differ from home market risks. Literature survey identified a number of risk factors that were evaluated by the experts, highlighting fourteen important risk factors. Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was used to develop a hierarchical model showing the relationships between the different risk factors, thus helping to focus on the key risks for effective risk management. The study shows that poor project management is a key risk forming the hub of the system, while political instability has maximum influence. The results of the study can be used by managers to visualise the risks in perspective and prioritise the mitigation effort.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2012

Noise is a major cause of hearing loss in the air base. There are lots of risk factors of hearing loss including noise, and hearing loss can be accelerated by combined effects of these risk factors. Here in, we reviewed risk factors of hearing loss, and analysed key risk factors inducing hearing loss in the air base. Risk factors exacerbating hearing loss with noise were mainly investigated in this research because noise could not be an avoidable risk factor in the air base. Analysed data will contribute to make green environment minimizing hearing loss of pilots and supporting personnels in the air base.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7327-7331
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• 2014

Background: We had previously showed that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), ${\gamma}$-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are prognostic factors for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. In this study we developed a prognostic model based on these three indices. Materials and Methods: A total of 243 patients who were initially diagnosed as mCRC between 2005 and 2010 in the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were studied. The endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: NLR>3, elevated GGT and elevated CEA were confirmed as independent risk factors which could predict poor prognosis. Patients could be divided into three groups according to the number of risk factors they had. Those with two or three were defined as the high risk group, individuals with one risk factor as the modest risk group and patients without risk factor as the low risk group. The OS values for these three groups were 16.2 months (2.80~68.8), 24.2 months (4.07~79.0), and 37.2 months (12.6~87.8), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: We developed a simple but useful model based on NLR, GGT and CEA to provide prognostic information to clinical practice in highly selected mCRC patients. Further prospective and multi-center studies are warranted to test our model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.236-238
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• 2015

According to the change of maritime environments and the development of science and technologies unidentified risk factors are created day by day in the world. It is crucial reason for the occurrence of maritime accidents that the unidentified risk factors make unexpected and extra-ordinary cases. Thus prior identification of unidentified risk factors is key issues to prevent maritime accidents. In addition to the identification of risk factors, the identification and classification of ongoing risk factors and evaluation model in the future is also one of key issues to consider unidentified maritime accidents. In this study, we searched on the conventional risks and unidentified risks to find risk control options for new, unidentified and expected risks.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.70-79
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• 2012

The Korean Government recently has been focused on strengthening competitiveness of order and stimulating construction market in the international construction industry. It has planned to extend the ODPs (overseas development projects) in order to diversifying the international construction market of which is domestic construction companies, placing too much emphasis on plant projects of the Middle East. However, literature review of risk analysis in the ODPs shows that the number of case study is several. Therefore, Authors asserted the necessity of risk analysis in the ODPs. The purpose of this study is to suggest a methodology that find KRFs (key risk factors) in the ODPs and analyze them, using AHP and Fuzzy theory. As a result, the 37 KRFs are selected and explained characteristics of them. A future direction of this study is to suggest a risk management model in the ODPs and prove feasibility of it.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.287-292
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• 2009

The Outsourcing Industry has grown swift pace and evolved over time, and the Global IT Outsourcing market has shown signs of a steady growth. In the Korean company, however, IT Outsourcing is not active as that of the advanced countries and there is lack of literature to understand the characterristics of IT Outsourcing in the Korean company. This paper, therefore, analyze the outcomes surveying 65 compaanies in Korea to investigate how IT Outsourcing risk factors affects IT Outsourcing intention. Based on our literature reviews bassed on number of key articles, journals, and the focus group interviews, IT Outsourcing risk factors are proposed into four different domains: Transaction, Client, Vendor, Environment perspectives. It found that one factor(Vendor perspectives) is closely related to the IT Outsourcing intention of the Korean company. Finally, this paper analyzed the pros and cons of IT Outrcing offers a guide to the risk factors.