• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of Pre-symposium of the 10th ISWPC
• /
• pp.159-163
• /
• 1999

Model experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different fillers on the removal of toner ink. Combinations of different papers (commercial photocopy paper and filler-free paper), fillers (calcium carbonate, kaolin clay, and talc), and chemicals(1-octadecanol, stearic acid, oleic acid, and TOFA) and stearic acid were found to be effective in detachment and agglomeration of toner ink. Furthermore, pH had little effect on toner detachment and agglomeration, indicating both protonated fatty acids and their anions are equally effective. In the presence of either kaolin clay or talc, all these agglomerating agents are equally effective, although a slightly higher dosage(1% for clay and 2% for talc as compared with control) is required, presumably due to the adsorption of chemical by the filler. Calcium carbonate filler, on the other hand, has a significant and adverse effect on the fatty acids used but has little effect on 1-octadecanol with the exception of possible adsorption. While stearic acid is not effective, a much higher level of oleic acid or TOFA is needed when calcium carbonate fillers are present as compared to the filler-free case. Fatty acids react with calcium carbonate to form calcium salts. The availability of fatty acid anion for toner detachment and agglomeration is determined by the solubility of calcium salt of a given fatty acid. Calcium oleate is 10 times more soluble in water than calcium stearate.

• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.83-94
• /
• 2000

The mottling in coated paper is one of the most difficult problems to solve in the area of offset printing. The prevention of mottling requires optimization of coating color formation, especially the minimum of binder migration. In this paper, we studied a mottling. Kaolin clay and CaCO3 as pigment, starch and latex as binder of coating color were used in this study. We have measured surface property of 24 coated samples through k value, mottle value and transferred ink. In the equation of Walker and Fesko, the value of k was the highest and that of mottle and the mount of transferred ink were the lowest in kaolin 60 part. And it is more easy to analyze the various surface of coated paper when sample was exposed on IR.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 1975

In order to obtain the superior refractory setter having better spalling resistance, cordierite was synthesized from domestic raw materials. Raw mixtures were fired between 125$0^{\circ}C$ and 140$0^{\circ}C$, and qualitative determination of crytallization was investigated by x-ray diffraction analysis. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The optimum batch composition of synthesized cordierite is 80.5% of Hadong kaolin (pink), 14% of Kyulsung tromolite talc and 5.5% of magnesia clinker, and the firing temperature is 1375$^{\circ}C$. 2) The composition of the refractory setter which exhibits the best values for the thermal properties is 40% of synthesized cordierite, 30% of kaolin chamotte(contains more than 60% of mullite), and 30% of Japanese clay. 3) The optimum particle size distribution of ternary mixture consists of 50% of coarse articles (3.327-1.168mm), 25% of intermediate particles (1.168-0.208mm) and 25% of fine particles (0.208-0.000mm).

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 1980

Thermal expansion property of $SiO_2-Al_2O_3$ system consisted of Muan clay, Hadong Pink Kaolin and Dangjin Silica was studied. Specimens were heated at the constant rate of 18$0^{\circ}C$/hr to the max. temperatures of 115$0^{\circ}C$ to 130$0^{\circ}C$ with an interval of $25^{\circ}C$, and matured for 3hrs. The result of X-Ray diffraction analysis showed that main crystals formed were $\alpha$-quartz, $\alpha$-cristobalite and mullite. Linear thermal expansion was measured at 90$0^{\circ}C$. The results of the linear thermal expansion were decreased regularly with the increase of the sintering temperature in accordance with the following equation. $y=5$\chi$\perp1100^{\circ}$. Where $\chi$ is amounts of kaolin (wt%), and y is temperature of the changing point of linear thermal expansion.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 제4회 영호남학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.123-127
• /
• 2002

This paper presented the results of evaluation of artificially contaminated suspension insulators for transmission lines. The suspension insulators were contaminated with kaolin and clay which were included various amount of natural salt. The degree of contamination were evaluated by measuring equivalent salt deposit density(ESDD). Then, the leakage currents were measured as a function of applied voltage, degree of contamination, humidity.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.96-102
• /
• 1985

Innovated utilization of Korean kaolins as pharmaceuticals is attempted, for which relevant properties including adsorptive behaviours are observed in connection with their mineralogical structures. In practice, physico-chemical properties are assessed by means of IR, XRD and thermal analysis including DTA, TG and DSC. Elemental analysis of the ore specimens under investigation is carried out in conventional manners. It is found that the chemical compositions are varied significantly with sampling sites and primary classifications. The clay ores thus analyzed are mainly composed of halloysite species. Proper benefication of the raw clays is necessary so that authentic requirements for medicinal use may be satisfied. White-colored premium grade halloysite could be utilized as therapeutics with relative ease after purification. Evidence indicates that gibbsite-like impurities are intercalated between the 1 : 1 layered moieties. Thermal behaviours may be characterized in such a fashion that loss of free water occurs near 100.deg. C and further heatings result in liberation of bound water near 500.deg. C, with subsequent transformation into amorphous metastable entities. Through thermal activation, enhanced pharmaceutical effects could be envisaged.

• 광물과 암석
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2020

우리나라 제4기 고환경 변화 특성 규명을 위하여 수원시의 편마암 및 화강암 풍화대를 피복하는 적갈색 점토-실트 퇴적물 2개 단면(~3.5 m)에 대하여 광물 및 지화학 분석을 실시하였다. 퇴적층은 광물조성과 화학조성의 수직 변화를 기준으로 4개의 퇴적층(Unit 1-4)으로 구분되었다. 최하부 Unit 1은 K-장석 함량이 높은 사질 퇴적물로서 기반암 풍화물의 기여도가 높다. Unit 2는 전이층이며, Unit 3은 적갈색 점토-실트질 퇴적물로서 총점토 함량이 평균 58%이며, 주요 점토광물은 일라이트-스멕타이트 혼합층 광물과 수산기삽입질석/스멕타이트이다. Unit 3에는 사장석이 거의 함유되어 있지 않은 반면에, 그 풍화물인 고령토 광물의 함량이 다른 층들보다 높다. Unit 4는 전반적 광물조성과 화학적 특성이 Unit 3과 유사하나, 사장석과 녹니석의 함량이 더 높고 고령토 광물의 함량은 더 낮다. 단면내 화학성분 변화를 국내 타지역 적갈색 점토-실트층과 비교한 결과, Unit 3과 4는 풍성퇴적물의 범위에 포함되었다. 이 지역 퇴적 단면에서 고환경변화는 다음과 같이 해석된다. 기반암인 편마암과 화강암 풍화물이 침식되어 주변부에 사질 퇴적물로 퇴적되어 하부층(Unit 1, 2)을 이루고, 그 위에 빙하기의 점토-실트질 풍성퇴적물층(Unit 3)이 퇴적되었다. Unit 3은 간빙기의 풍화작용으로 풍화되어 전체적으로 적갈색 토양화되었다. 그 후 다시 빙하기로 접어들면서 최상부에 풍성퇴적물층(Unit 4)이 퇴적되었다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 입단화 촉진을 통한 훼손토양의 복원을 위하여 산불토양으로부터 EPS 생성균주 2종을 순수분리 하였다. EPS 생성세균인 FM-02 균주는 Gram 음성 간균으로 16s-rDNA 염기서열분석 결과, Beta Proteobacterium sp. 에 속하는 종으로 동정 되었고, AL-02 세균은 양성 간균으로 16s-rDNA 염기분석 결과 Zoogloea sp. 와 81%의 유사도를 나타내었다. 분리균주가 생산하는 EPS의 양은 건중량 측정시 FM-02 균주는 1L당 약 1.8g 의 생산율을 보였으며, AL-02의 경우 약 8.3g의 수율을 보였다. 분리균주의 토양입단에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 응집활성을 측정하였으며, FM-02 세균은 active carbon에 대한 응집활성 (FA)이 2.31로 나타났고, AL-02 세균은 kaolin clay에 대한 응집활성 (FA)이 6.21로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터, FM-02균주는 active carbon에 대한 높은 응집활성을 고려할 때 화학응집제를 대신한 생분해성 응집활성제로의 응응 가능성을 확인하였으며, AL-02균주는 kaolin clay에 대한 고활성의 응집능과 고생산성의 EPS수율을 갖는 균주로써 훼손된 토양에서 토양입자들의 응집을 통한 입단을 촉진하여 강우에 의한 토사유출 피해를 줄이는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.957-962
• /
• 2018

The gamma radiation shielding capability (GRSC) of two clay-materials (Ball clay and Kaolin)of Southwestern Nigeria ($7.49^{\circ}N$, $4.55^{\circ}E$) have been investigated by determine theoretically and experimentally the mass attenuation coefficient, ${\mu}/{\rho}(cm^2g^{-1})$ of the clay materials at photon energies of 609.31, 1120.29, 1173.20, 1238.11, 1332.50 and 1764.49 keV emitted from $^{214}Bi$ ore and $^{60}Co$ point source. The mass attenuation coefficients were theoretically evaluated using the elemental compositions of the clay-materials obtained by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) elemental analysis technique as input data for WinXCom software. While gamma ray transmission experiment using Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) spectrometer detector to experimentally determine the mass attenuation coefficients, ${\mu}/{\rho}(cm^2g^{-1})$ of the samples. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations of WinXCom software. Linear attenuation coefficient (${\mu}$), half value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP) were also evaluated using the obtained ${\mu}/{\rho}$ values for the investigated samples. The GRSC of the selected clay-materials have been compared with other studied shielding materials. The cognizance of various factors such as availability, thermo-chemical stability and water retaining ability by the clay-samples can be analyzed for efficacy of the material for their GRSC.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.379-386
• /
• 2008

토양개량방법의 하나로서 다공성 소성 과립체를 토양에 사용하는 방법을 적용하고자 하였다. 석탄폐석을 토양개량제의 원료로 사용하면 자열소성방법에 의해 저비용으로 과립체를 생산할 수 있고, 더불어 국내에 대량으로 적치되어 있는 석탄폐석을 활용할 수 있는 방안도 될 것임을 착안하여, 석탄폐석을 분쇄, 과립하고 자열소성방법으로 소성하여 과립(pellet)을 제조한 후 이의 다공체로서의 특성과 수분보유특성, pH등을 확인하였다. 고정탄소량이 약 28%인 시료 HCR을 고령토와 1:4의 무게비(20%)로 혼합하여 제조한 과립과 고정탄소가 약 9.66%인 LCR시료만을 사용한 과립을 자열소성한 결과, 별도의 가열에너지의 공급 없이 최대온도 $1200^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 연속적인 소성이 가능하였다. 이렇게제조한 과립체를 고령토만 사용하여 제조한 일반 소성 점토과립과 비교하였을 때 평균공극의 크기가 커졌음이 확인되었다. 이렇게 변화된 공극의 특성으로 인해 HCR과 LCR 과립의 내부에 흡수된 수분이 kaolin 과립에 비해 더 낮은 potential에서 방출되었고, 식물이 더 이용하기 쉬운 상태로 수분이 보유됨을 확인하였다. 그리고 자열소성한 과립은 kaolin 과립에 비해 높은 포장용수량과 유효수분의 값을 나타내었다. 포장용수량은 HCR과 LCR 과립이 각각 47.64, 38.43mL/100g값을 나타내었고, 유효수분의 양은 각각 38.39과 28.49mL/100g으로 나타났다. 자열소성한 과립의 pH는 6~8로서 토양에 활용이 가능함을 확인하였다.