• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.275-287
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the trends of socio-demographic and health factors affecting the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Korean elderly. Methods: Data were obtained from the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1, 2007, KNHANES V-1, 2010, KNHANES V-2, 2014). The sample consisted of 3,668 Korean individuals aged 65 years and older. The data were analyzed using a t-test, Chi-square test and multiple linear regression using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The HRQoL is improving consistently and the affecting factors on the HRQoL were the education level, activity limitation, subjective health and walking days per week in the three data of 2007, 2010, and 2014. Conclusion: A health care program focusing on improving activity limitation and physical activity should be considered for the improvement of HRQoL for the elderly in the community.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to investigate regional characteristics in the consumption of home-cooked varieties of kimchi and jangajji. Data obtained from the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III(KNHANES Ⅲ), which was conducted in 2005, were utilized in this study. A total of 7,810 data were included in our statistical analyses, which were conducted using SPSS 14.0. The total number of home-cooked kimchi and jangajji were 22 and 11, respectively, and Korean cabbage kimchi, young radish kimchi, and kkakdugi were the top 3 varieties of kimchi. Leaf jangajji, green pepper jangajji, and garlic jangajji were most frequently consumed. Additionally, the results of this study revealed significant correlations between neighboring areas in the ranking of consumption of kimchi varieties, whereas the jangajji varieties did not evidence results as distinct as were noted with kimchi. Different kimchi and jangajji variety consumption patterns were noted between the Middle West and South areas, coastal and inland areas, and cities and provinces. Spicy kimchi varieties, in particular, were enjoyed more frequently by households in the South than those in the Middle West. Further analysis using PROXSCAL multidimensional scaling demonstrated the proximity between areas in terms of kimchi and jangajji consumption patterns. In conclusion, more effort should be extended to encourage the consumption of home-cooked regional foods.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.689-698
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and number of present teeth in Korean elderly individuals. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional survey was obtained from the records of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The subjects were 1,199 Korean elderly individuals above 65 years of age. The survey and examination data were used for the independent variables. The KNHANES included health status, nutrition survey, and oral examination. $x^2-test$ was performed to identify the characteristics of depression and number of teeth present according to the characteristics of the study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was also performed to identify the relationship between depression and number of teeth present. The statistical significance level wa sset at 0.05. Results: The prevalence of depression in the subjects was 14.8%. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of depression, depending on gender (p<0.001), education level (p=0.001), income (p=0.001), spouse status (p<0.001), and alcohol consumption (p=0.020). The association between depression and the number of teeth present showed statistically significant difference after adjustment (p=0.040). Conclusions: Depression in elderly individuals was closely related to the number of teeth present. Therefore, public health policies for improving oral health should be established to prevent depression.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권sup1호
• /
• pp.134-146
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Accumulating evidence has shown the beneficial effects of isoflavone on health. There is limited information on the usual isoflavone intake for Koreans. This study examined the usual intake of total isoflavone and its major food sources in Koreans according to age and gender. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The dietary intake data of 21,271 participants aged 1 yrs and older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VII 2016-2018 were analyzed. The average isoflavone intake was estimated based on the 24-h dietary recall data in KNHANES and the isoflavone database from the Korea Rural Development Administration (RDA) and literatures. The usual isoflavone intake was estimated by applying the ratio of within- and between-participant variance estimated from the 2009 KNHANES data to the 7th KNHANES (2016-2018) data. The variance of the isoflavone intake was calculated using MIXTRAN macro with intake data for two days in the 2009 KNHANES. Complex sample analysis with stratified variables and integrated weights was conducted. RESULTS: The mean total isoflavone intake in the Korean population aged 1 yrs and older (n = 21,271) was 139.27 mg/d, which was higher than the usual intake of 47.44mg/d. Legumes were a major contributing food group (91%), with arrowroot being a major individual contributor to the isoflavone intake (67.2%), followed by 21.3% of soybean, 5.4% of bean sprouts, and 2.1% of tofu. The usual isoflavone intake was highest in the participants aged 50 to 64 yrs old and increased with age until 50 to 64 yrs and then decreased with further increases in age. The usual isoflavone intake of participants aged 65 yrs and older was higher for men than for women, showing gender differences. CONCLUSIONS: The usual dietary intake of isoflavone varied according to age and gender in the Korean population. This study showed that the usual isoflavone intake was lower than the average isoflavone intake. The difference between percentiles of the usual isoflavone intake was similarly smaller than the average intake. An estimation of average intake can be hindered by the occasional consumption of foods high in isoflavones, suggesting that the usual intake estimation method can be more appropriate. Further research will be needed to establish isoflavone dietary guidelines regarding the effects of isoflavone intake on health outcomes.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.297-311
• /
• 2020

Objective: We compared the level of blood cadmium exposure with health impacts by using data from a survey of residents near an abandoned mine and a national health survey. Methods: For this study, we used data from 7,046 individuals who participated in the Health Effects Survey of Abandoned Metal Mines (AMS, 2008-2011) and 6,871 individuals who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-VI (KNHANES, 2008-2013). To evaluate the health impacts, the quartiles (S1 to S4) were classified according to blood cadmium concentration, and then the odds ratios of S2 to S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference values of renal function, blood pressure, and bone density were compared. Similarly, the odds ratio of AMS over KNHANES was confirmed. Results: In the AMS, adjusted for general characteristics, the geometric mean of blood cadmium concentration was 1.34 ㎍/L, which was statistically significantly higher than that of the KNHANES 1.22 ㎍/L (p<0.001). In the integrated data of AMS and KNHANES, the estimated odds ratio of S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference value was found to be 1.70 for serum creatinine, 1.71 for hypertension, and a T-score 2.02 for the tarsal bone. They were all statistically significant. Conclusion: Residents around abandoned metal mines had a higher blood cadmium concentration than the general population, and the odds for exceeding the reference values were higher for some health indicators. Continuous biomonitoring should be conducted for vulnerable areas such as around abandoned metal mines, and measures to reduce cadmium exposure and management of chronic diseases are needed.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.293-300
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop a dietary fiber composition table (DFCT) and to assess dietary fiber intakes in Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: The DFCT was developed by compiling the food composition tables published by the agencies of Korea, United States, or Japan. When there was no available data from the same species or status (dried, boiled, etc.) of food, the values were imputed by estimating from the same species with different status or substituting familiar species in biosystematic grouping. Using KNHANES VI-2 (2014) microdata and DFCT, intake of dietary fiber of Koreans was estimated. Results: Among the 5,126 food items of DFCT, the proportion of items of which dietary fiber contents were taken from the analytical values of the same foods was 40.9%. The data from the domestic food composition tables was 37.5%, and the data from the foreign tables was 49.6%. The rest was assumed as zero, or estimated with recipe database and nutrition labeling. Mean daily intake of dietary fiber was 23.2 g, and mean intake per 1,000 kcal was 10.7 g in men and 12.6 g in women. The mean percentage of dietary fiber intake compared to adequate intake was higher than 100%. The major food groups contributing to dietary fiber intakes were vegetables and cereals, and the percent contribution were 32.9% and 23.0% of total dietary fiber intakes, respectively. Conclusions: This DFCT could serve as a useful database for assessing dietary fiber intakes and for investigating the association between dietary fiber intakes and noncommunicable diseases.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 한국 성인 여성을 대상으로 외식빈도, 영양섭취, 대사증후군과 관련된 건강위험 인자의 관계를 조사하고자 하였다. 2013년 국민건강영양조사(KNHANES VI)의 자료를 이용하여 SPSS 20.0 통계 패키지 프로그램을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 20세 이상 여성(3,413명)을 대상으로 생화학적 지표, 검진자료를 바탕으로 외식빈도를 세 그룹(주 1회 미만, 주 2~4회, 주 5회 이상)으로 나누어 각 변수들의 차이를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 외식빈도와 열량, 수분, 단백질, 지방, 칼슘, 나트륨, 비타민 A가 유의적으로 차이가 있었다. 외식빈도에 따른 각 그룹은 비만과 저 HDL 콜레스테롤혈증 수치에도 유의적 차이가 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 대한민국 성인 여성의 외식빈도에 따라 대사증후군 관련 건강인자에 유의적 차이를 발견하였다. 향후 연령을 세분화 하고, 한국의 성인을 대상으로 외식빈도와 영양소 섭취, 대사증후군 관련 건강 위험 인자에 대한 연구가 필요하겠다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze a cohort, age, and time effects on sodium and sodium-calorie intake using the 2007~2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). For analysis, we have constructed cohort panel data that combine KNHANES data in a time series. The age effect gradually increased from age 45~49 and then decreased afterwards. The time effect showed an increase in average sodium intake until 2010 followed by a subsequent decrease. The cohort effect showed that the sodium intake was the highest for the War of Liberation 1946~1953, and that the younger the latter, the lower the sodium intake. According to a cohort analysis, the younger the generation, the lower the sodium intake compared to the calorie intake, according to the baby boomers. Based on the results of this study, efforts should be made to educate and promote the dieting and providing low-salt meals to reduce sodium intake by generation. An analysis of the health hazards including sodium by generation and age is thought to enable the establishment relevant policies.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제22권12호
• /
• pp.1589-1598
• /
• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between airborne manganese and blood manganese in a general population of South Korean adults. The concentrations of airborne manganese in total suspended particulate (TSP) were calculated from data obtained from ambient air-monitoring stations (AAMSs) located in South Korea. Blood manganese data obtained Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) using a rolling sampling design involving a complex, stratified, multistage, probability cluster survey of a representative sample of the non-institutionalized civilian population of South Korea. Airborne manganese geometric means was 46.10 $ng/m^3$, blood manganese geometric means were 1.19 ${\mu}g/d{\ell}$ for male and 1.40 ${\mu}g/d{\ell}$ for female. In multiple linear regression analysis of log transformed blood manganeseas a continuous variable on airborne manganese, after adjusting for covariates including gender, age, job, smoking and drinking status, education level, BMI (body mass index). Airborne manganese was positively associated with blood manganese with statistical significance. The present study confirms that airborne manganese is a possible contributor to the increase of blood manganese in the adult general population.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.308-319
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to assess risk factors associated with food insecurity in the Korean elderly aged over 65 years using data from the Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 (KNHANES VI). A total of 1,200 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the KNHANES 2013 by using SPSS statistics complex samples (ver. 21.0). Food insecurity was measured by using the modified US Household Food Security/Hunger Survey Module. Thirteen percent of subjects lived in food insecure households. There were differences in the prevalence of food insecurity according to sex, educational level, income level, and household structure. Mean age of the food insecurity group was significantly higher than that of the food security group. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that food insecurity was significantly associated with alcohol intake (OR: 1.82), prevalence of melancholy (OR: 2.07) and suicidal thoughts (OR: 2.67), and intake deficiency of energy (OR: 1.60), calcium (OR: 1.97), iron (OR: 1.97), potassium (OR: 1.96), riboflavin (OR: 1.76), and niacin (OR: 1.64), while not with smoking, physical activity, chronic diseases including obesity, anemia, diabetes, and osteoarthritis, and deficiency of protein, vitamin A, thiamin and vitamin C. These findings suggest that food insecurity is strongly related to mental health and certain nutrient intakes. Prospective research is needed to establish the effects of food insecurity on chronic diseases.