Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2020.46.3.297

Health Impact Assessment for Cadmium Exposure: Comparison of Residents around Abandoned Mines with the General Population  

Seo, Jeong-Wook (Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University)
Kim, Byoung-Gwon (Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University)
Hong, Young-Seoub (Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Health Sciences / v.46, no.3, 2020 , pp. 297-311 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: We compared the level of blood cadmium exposure with health impacts by using data from a survey of residents near an abandoned mine and a national health survey. Methods: For this study, we used data from 7,046 individuals who participated in the Health Effects Survey of Abandoned Metal Mines (AMS, 2008-2011) and 6,871 individuals who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-VI (KNHANES, 2008-2013). To evaluate the health impacts, the quartiles (S1 to S4) were classified according to blood cadmium concentration, and then the odds ratios of S2 to S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference values of renal function, blood pressure, and bone density were compared. Similarly, the odds ratio of AMS over KNHANES was confirmed. Results: In the AMS, adjusted for general characteristics, the geometric mean of blood cadmium concentration was 1.34 ㎍/L, which was statistically significantly higher than that of the KNHANES 1.22 ㎍/L (p<0.001). In the integrated data of AMS and KNHANES, the estimated odds ratio of S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference value was found to be 1.70 for serum creatinine, 1.71 for hypertension, and a T-score 2.02 for the tarsal bone. They were all statistically significant. Conclusion: Residents around abandoned metal mines had a higher blood cadmium concentration than the general population, and the odds for exceeding the reference values were higher for some health indicators. Continuous biomonitoring should be conducted for vulnerable areas such as around abandoned metal mines, and measures to reduce cadmium exposure and management of chronic diseases are needed.
Keywords
Cadmium; health impact; abandoned metal mine;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Brzoska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. Disorders in bone metabolism of female rats chronically exposed to cadmium. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2005; 202(1): 68-83.   DOI
2 Nogawa K, Kobayashi E, Konishi F. Comparison of bone lesions in chronic cadmium intoxication and vitamin D deficiency. Environmental Research. 1981; 24(2): 233-249.   DOI
3 Schutte R, Nawrot T, Richart T, Thijs L, Roels HA, Van Bortel LM, et al. Arterial structure and function and environmental exposure to cadmium. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2008;65(6): 412-419.   DOI
4 Staessen JA, Roels HA, Emelianov D, Kuznetsova T, Thijs L, Vangronsveld J, et al. Environmental exposure to cadmium, forearm bone density, and risk of fractures: prospective population study. The Lancet. 1999; 353(9159): 1140-1144.   DOI
5 Liu H, Xia W, Xu S, Zhang B, Lu B, Huang Z, et al. Cadmium body burden and pregnancy-induced hypertension. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. 2018; 221(2): 246-251.   DOI
6 Satarug S, Nishijo M, Ujjin P, Vanavanitkun Y, Moore MR. Cadmium-induced nephropathy in the development of high blood pressure. Toxicology Letters. 2005; 157(1): 57-68.   DOI
7 Seo JW, Kim BG, Kim YM, Choe BM, Seo SM, Hong YS. Associations of Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels with Hypertension using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III-VI. Journal of Environmental Health Sciences. 2018; 44(4): 380-390.
8 Shiwen C, Lin Y, Zhineng H, Xianzu Z, Zhaolu Y, Huidong X, et al. Cadmium exposure and health effects among residents in an irrigation area with ore dressing wastewater. Science of the Total Environment. 1990; 90: 67-73.   DOI
9 Tellez-Plaza M, Navas-Acien A, Crainiceanu CM, Guallar E. Cadmium exposure and hypertension in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Environmental Health Perspectives. 2008; 116(1): 51-56.   DOI
10 Gallagher CM, Meliker JR. Blood and urine cadmium, blood pressure, and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2010; 118(12): 1676-1684.   DOI
11 Warembourg C, Maitre L, Tamayo-Uria I, Fossati S, Roumeliotaki T, Aasvang GM, et al. Early-life environmental exposures and blood pressure in children. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019; 74(10): 1317-1328.   DOI
12 Yao B, Lu X, Xu L, Wang Y, Qu H, Zhou H. Relationship between low-level lead, cadmium and mercury exposures and blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 8-17 years: An exposure-response analysis of NHANES 2007-2016. Science of the Total Environment. 2020; 726: 138446.   DOI
13 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Clinical Laboratory Test for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (IV, V). Available: http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/report/reportSearchResultDetail.do?cn=TRKO201900000133 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
14 Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2017: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-2). Available: https://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/knhanes/sub04/sub04_03.do?classType=7 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
15 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, Updated Tables, January, 2019. Available: https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/index.html [Accessed 03 June 2020].
16 Korea National Institute of Environmental Research. Health Effects Survey of Abandoned Metal Mines. Available: http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/report/reportSearchResultDetail.do?cn=TRKO201300007875 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
17 Abcar AC, Chan L, Yeoh H. What to do for the patient with minimally elevated creatinine level?. The Permanente Journal. 2004; 8(1): 51-53.
18 Alghobar MA, Suresha S. Evaluation of metal accumulation in soil and tomatoes irrigated with sewage water from Mysore city, Karnataka, India. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 2017; 16(1): 49-59.   DOI
19 Douay F, Pelfrene A, Planque J, Fourrier H, Richard A, Roussel H, et al. Assessment of potential health risk for inhabitants living near a former lead smelter. Part 1: metal concentrations in soils, agricultural crops, and homegrown vegetables. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2013; 185(5):3665-3680.   DOI
20 Toth G, Hermann T, Da Silva M, Montanarella L. Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the European Union with implications for food safety. Environment International. 2016; 88: 299-309.   DOI
21 Jin T, Wu X, Tang Y, Nordberg M, Bernard A, Ye T, et al. Environmental epidemiological study and estimation of benchmark dose for renal dysfunction in a cadmium-polluted area in China. Biometals. 2004; 17(5): 525-530.   DOI
22 World Health Organization. Safety Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants: Seventy-Third Meeting of Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additive. Available: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v64je01.pdf [Accessed 03 June 2020].
23 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological profile for cadmium. Available: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp5.pdf [Accessed 03 June 2020].
24 Korea National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation. Risk assessment of cadmium. Available:http://www.nifds.go.kr/brd/m_271/view.do?seq=10144&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=&srchTp=&itm_seq_1=0&itm_seq_2=0&multi_itm_seq=0&company_cd=&company_nm=&page=5 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
25 Moon CS, Paik JM, Choi CS, Kim DH, Ikeda M. Lead and cadmium levels in daily foods, blood and urine in children and their mothers in Korea. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2003; 76(4): 282-288.   DOI
26 Tsukahara T, Ezaki T, Moriguchi J, Furuki K, Fukui Y, Ukai H, et al. No significant effect of iron deficiency on cadmium body burden or kidney dysfunction among women in the general population in Japan. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 2003; 76(4): 275-281.   DOI
27 Nakadaira H, Nishi S. Effects of low-dose cadmium exposure on biological examinations. Science of the Total Environment. 2003; 308(1-3): 49-62.   DOI
28 Dorian C, Gattone II VH, Klaasen CD. Renal cadmium deposition and injury as a result of accumulation of cadmium-metallothionein (CdMT) by the proximal convoluted tubules-A light microscopic autoradiography study with 109CdMT. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 1992; 114(2): 173-181.   DOI
29 Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Human Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Food for Safety Management Systems. Available: http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/report/reportSearchResult-Detail.do?cn=TRKO201100007661 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
30 Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Dietary Intake and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals. Available: http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/report/reportSearchResultDetail.do?cn=TRKO201000000710 [Accessed 03 June 2020].
31 Jarup L, Alfven T, Persson B, Toss G, Elinder CG. Cadmium may be a Risk factor for osteoporosis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 1998;55(7): 435-439.   DOI
32 US National Toxicology Program. Carcinogen Profiles. Report on Carcinogens (12nd ed). Available:https://www.ashlandmass.com/DocumentCenter/View/442/National-Toxicology-Program-Report-on-Carcinogens-PDF [Accessed 03 June 2020].
33 Satarug S, Baker JR, Urbenjapol S, Haswell-Elkins M, Reilly PE, Williams DJ, et al. A global perspective on cadmium pollution and toxicity in non-occupationally exposed population. Toxicology Letters. 2003; 137(1-2): 65-83.   DOI
34 Horiguchi H, Oguma E, Sasaki S, Miyamoto K, Ikeda Y, Machida M, et al. Comprehensive study of the effects of age, iron deficiency, diabetes mellitus, and cadmium burden on dietary cadmium absorption in cadmium-exposed female Japanese farmers. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 2004; 196(1): 114-123.   DOI
35 Jarup L, Elinder CG. Dose-response relations between urinary cadmium and tubular proteinuria in cadmium-exposed workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 1994; 26(6): 759-769.   DOI
36 Roels H, Lauwerys R, Bernard A, Buchet J-P, Vos A, Oversteyns M. Assessment of the filtration reserve capacity of the kidney in workers exposed to cadmium. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 1991; 48(6): 365-374.   DOI
37 Thun M, Osorio AM, Schober S, Hannon W, Lewis B, Halperin W. Nephropathy in cadmium workers:assessment of risk from airborne occupational exposure to cadmium. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 1989; 46(10): 689-697.   DOI
38 Alfven T, Jarup L, Elinder C-G. Cadmium and lead in blood in relation to low bone mineral density and tubular proteinuria. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2002; 110(7): 699-702.   DOI
39 Buchet J, Lauwerys R, Roels H, Bernard A, Bruaux P, Claeys F, et al. Renal effects of cadmium body burden of the general population. The Lancet. 1990; 336(8717): 699-702.   DOI
40 Kawada T, Shinmyo RR, Suzuki S. Urinary cadmium and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretion of inhabitants living in a cadmium-polluted area. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. 1992; 63(8): 541-546.   DOI
41 Kim B, Kim HY, Oh DJ, Huh W, Kim YG, Kim DJ, et al. The Efficacy of N-acety1-beta-D-glucosaminidase as a Prognostic Factor of Glomerulonephritis. Korean Journal of Nephrology. 1999; 18(4):537.
42 Brzoska MM. Low-level chronic exposure to cadmium enhances the risk of long bone fractures: a study on a female rat model of human lifetime exposure. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 2012;32(1): 34-44.   DOI