• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1558-1559
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• 2006

펨토세컨드 원적외선 가속장치(Femtosecond Far-infrared Accelerator)에는 5 밴드의 클라이스트론이 사용되고 있으며, 이를 구동시키기 위하여 신뢰성이 높고 컴펙트하며 효율성이 좋은 펄스 모듈레이터가 필요하다. 전통적인 방식의 라인타입 공진충전 펄스 모듈레이터는 직류전원을 만들기 위하여 많은 고전압 소자들을 사용한다. 이러한 소자들로는 SCRs, 3상 트렌스포머, 정류 다이오드, 필터 초크, 필터 커패시터, 충전 인덕터, 충전 다이오드, deQing 회로, de-spiking 초크 둥으로 구성된다. 펨토세컨드 원적외선 가속장치의 펄스 모듈레이터에는 이러한 소자들을 사용하는 대신에 고전압 인버터전원장치를 사용함으로써 신뢰성이 높고 컴펙트하며 효율성이 좋은 펄스 모듈레이터를 제작하였다. 전통적인 방식의 라인타입 공진충전 펄스 모듈레이터는 deQing 회로를 사용해야만 하지만, 펨토세컨드 원적외선 가속장치의 펄스 모듈레이터의 빔 전압의 변동폭은 deQing 회로를 사용하지 않고도 0.5 % 범위안에서 동작하기 때문에 출력이 매우 안정적이다. 고전압 인버터전원장치의 사양은 10 KJ, 50KV, 200mA의 전원장치 4개를 병렬로 사용하여 30 Hz로 운전하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 펨토세컨드 원적외선 가속장치의 펄스 모듈레이터의 디자인개념과 출력전압의 변동폭에 관하여 논의하고자한다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.3137-3146
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• 1973

This study was to investigate the effects of compaction, compressive strength and Atterberg limits in accordance with the temperatures changes. It was conducted on four soils-KJ, JJ, MH, SS-at temperatures of -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 19, $22^{\circ}C$. These tests were obtained the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of four soils in accordance with temperature changes by using distilled water and $CaCl_2$ 10% solution, and were put to the compressive strength tests on remolded specimens of soils compacted at the optimum moisture content. The result of the study can be summarized as follows; The maximum dry density increased with an increase in temperature, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had higher maximum dry density than distilled water. The optimum moisture content decreased with an increase in temperature, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had lower optimum moisture content than distilled water. The maximum compressive strength was shown high peak from $7^{\circ}C\;to\;15^{\circ}C$, and the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution had higher maximum compressive strength than distilled water. The liquid limit and plasticity index decreased with an increased in temperature. It is estimated that the use of $CaCl_2$ 10% solution can lower the minimum compacted temperature from $2^{\circ}C\;to\;4^{\circ}C$ in low temperature.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2008

Fifty-two Korean japonica rice cultivars were analyzed for leaf blast resistance and genotyped with 4 STS and 26 SSR markers flanking the specific chromosome sites linked with blast resistance genes. In our analysis of resistance genes in 52 japonica cultivars using STS markers tightly linked to Pib, Pita, Pi5(t) and Pi9(t), the blast nursery reaction of the cultivars possessing the each four major genes were not identical to that of the differential lines. Eight of the 26 SSR markers were associated with resistant phenotypes against the isolates of blast nursery as well as the specific Korean blast isolates, 90-008 (KI-1113), 03-177 (KJ-105). These markers were linked to Pit, Pish, Pib, Pi5(t), Piz, Pia, Pik, Pi18, Pita and Pi25(t) resistance gene loci. Three of the eight SSR markers, MRG5836, RM224 and RM7102 only showed significantly associated with the phenotypes of blast nursery test for two consecutive years. These three SSR markers also could distinguish between resistant and susceptible japonica cultivars. These results demonstrate the usefulness of marker-assisted selection and genotypic monitoring for blast resistance of rice in blast breeding programs.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2024

Research to obtain molecular markers related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene in both strains of gourami is essential to increase the success of the selection program of disease resistance traits. Using a completely randomized design (CRD), the challenge test consists of four treatments and seven replications. The treatment was Jambi gourami injected with PBS (KJ), Kalimantan gourami injected with PBS (KK), Jambi strain injected with Aeromonas hydrophila (GJ), and Kalimantan strain injected with A. hydrophila (GK). The GJ population was more resistant to A. hydrophila than the GK population. The MHC II gene was detected in both test strains (GJ and GK), both resistant and susceptible fish. However, there were differences in the results of amplifying the MHC II gene in susceptible and resistant fish. Two DNA fragments approximately 400 and 585 bp were detected in the genome of susceptible fish, while in the genome of susceptible fish, only one DNA fragment was detected (400 bp). Therefore, the MHC II gene fragment with a size of about 585 bp can be used as a potential candidate for specific molecular markers to obtain resistance to A. hydrophila bacteria in the giant gourami.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.380-385
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• 1998

본 연구는 성장기 잉어 사료의 어분 대체사료원으로서 축산가공혼합부산물 (Animal by-product mixture. ABPM)의 이용 가능성과 어분단백질 대체 범위를 결정하고 잉어용 어분대체품개발의 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 본 실험사료의 동물성 단백질원으로는 북양어분(White Fish Meal, WFM)과 수지박 (Leather Meal. LM). 육골분 (Meat&Bone Meal, MBM). 혈분 (Blood Meal, BM). 오징어내 장분 (Squid Liver Powder, SLP)의 혼합물인 축산가공부산혼합물 (Animal by-product mixture. ABPM)을 사용하였고. 식물성 단백질원으로는 대두박 (Soybean Meal, SM)과 콘글루텐밀 (Corn Gluten Meal, CGM)을 사용하였다. 모든 실험사료는 조단백질함량 $40\%$. 가용성 에너지 15.3 KJ/g (protein. carbohyd-rate and lipid; 16.7, 16.7 and 37.7 J/g)으로 동일하게 맞추었고 각 사료의 성분조성은 다음과 같이 요약된다. diet 1, $100\%$ WFM+$0\%$ ABPM ($0\%$ ABPM. control); dict 2, $75\%$ WFM+$25\%$ ABPM ($25\%$ ABPM); diet 3, $50\%$ WFM+$50\%$ ABPM ($50\%$ ABPM): diet 4, $25\%$ WFM+$75\%$ ABPM ($75\%$ ABPM), diet 5, $0\%$ WFM+$100\%$ ABPM ($100\%$ ABPM). 각 사료내 단백질원으로서, 동물성 단백질은 어분과 ABPM을 사용하여 총단백질의 $34.7\%$를, 식물성 단백질은 $65.3\%$를 공급하였다. 일주간의 먹이붙임후에 잉어는 각 실험군별 평균어체중 10g 되도록하여 3반복으로 무작위 배치하였고, 전반기 첫 번째와 두번째 4주간의 사육기간이 끝난 8주후에는 평균어체중이 28g 되도록 재배치하여 추가로 후반기 세번째 4주간 총 12주동안 사육하였다. 사료는 1일 3회 어체중의 $2.7\~4\%$로 12주간 공급하였다. 매 2주마다 체중을 측정하였고 전반기 8주, 12주후 체장, hemoglobin, hematocrit 및 일반성분 분석을 실시하였다. 전반기 첫 번째 4주후 증체율 및 사료전환효율은 유의적 차이가 없었으나 전반기 두번째 4주후 사료 3, 4 및 5는 사료 I (대조구)보다 유의적으로 낮았다 (P<0.05). 이와는 달리 후반기 세번째 4주후의 모든 사료구의 증체율 및 사료전환효율에는 유의적 차이가 없었다 (P>0.05). 또한, 전어체 일반성분 분석 결과 전$\cdot$후반기동안 모든 사료구의 일반성분치 (수분, 조단백, 조지방, 조회분)에는 유의적 차이가 없었다 (P>0.05). 본 실험 결과, 사료내 동물성 단백질원으로 ABPM은 충분한 먹이붙임 후에 어분단백질의 $100\%$까지 대체 가능함을 보여 주었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.577-585
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• 2008

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The discoloration of anterior teeth restoration is one of the material problems demanding retreatment. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the color stability and affecting factors on esthetic restorative materials when subjected to accelerated aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted using porcelain disks (IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished), direct restorative resin disks (SYNERGY Duo) and indirect restorative resin disks (Sinfony, TESCERA ATL). Accelerated aging was done by precipitating the specimens in 38.C distilled water and irradiating with xenon light, and the total irradiation was 397.98 KJ/mm. Color and microhardness change of the specimens were measured before accelerated aging and after 100 hours, 200 hours and 300 hours of accelerated aging, and Surface of the specimens were examined with SEM before and after 300 hours of accelerated aging. RESULTS: 1. After 300 hours' accelerated aging, a ${\Delta}E$ value was 3.3 or lower in IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished and Sinfony. 2. After 300 hours' accelerated aging, gloss was lost and surface changes including microcracks were observed in TESCERA ATL and SYNERGY Duo, and color changes of them ranged between 3.58 and 6.40 ${\Delta}E$ units. 3. During 300 hours' accelerated aging, the microhardness of surface was increased by 3.21 - 19.64% in all kinds of composites resin. CONCLUSION: After 300 hours' accelerated aging, SEM images IPS Empress 2-glazed, IPS Empress 2-polished and Sinfony showed little morphological change and their color changes were considered to be clinically acceptable. And there was significant correlation between microhardness changes and color changes of composites (P < .05).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.148-162
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• 2017

As a step towards discovering novel pathogenesis-related proteins, we performed a genome scale computational identification and characterization of secreted and transmembrane (TM) proteins, which are mainly responsible for bacteria-host interactions and interactions with other bacteria, in the genomes of six representative Burkholderia species. The species comprised plant pathogens (B. glumae BGR1, B. gladioli BSR3), human pathogens (B. pseudomallei K96243, B. cepacia LO6), and plant-growth promoting endophytes (Burkholderia sp. KJ006, B. phytofirmans PsJN). The proportions of putative classically secreted proteins (CSPs) and TM proteins among the species were relatively high, up to approximately 20%. Lower proportions of putative type 3 non-classically secreted proteins (T3NCSPs) (~10%) and unclassified non-classically secreted proteins (NCSPs) (~5%) were observed. The numbers of TM proteins among the three clusters (plant pathogens, human pathogens, and endophytes) were different, while the distribution of these proteins according to the number of TM domains was conserved in which TM proteins possessing 1, 2, 4, or 12 TM domains were the dominant groups in all species. In addition, we observed conservation in the protein size distribution of the secreted protein groups among the species. There were species-specific differences in the functional characteristics of these proteins in the various groups of CSPs, T3NCSPs, and unclassified NCSPs. Furthermore, we assigned the complete sets of the conserved and unique NCSP candidates of the collected Burkholderia species using sequence similarity searching. This study could provide new insights into the relationship among plant-pathogenic, humanpathogenic, and endophytic bacteria.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2010

대상 수용액으로부터 상업용 염료인 메틸렌 블루(MB)와 말라카이트 그린 옥살레이트(MG)의 제거를 위한 소듐-교환된 점토 입자의 흡착능을 다양한 실험조건에서 조사하였다. 용액의 pH, 교반 시간, 흡착물 농도, 흡착제 투여량 등의 효과를 조사하였다. pH 7, 298 K 조건에서 0.03 그람 점토를 사용한 경우 수용액으로부터 최대 > 90%의 염료가 제거되었다. 흡착과정은 빨랐으며 5분 내에 평형에 도달하였다. 사용된 염료들의 흡착반응에 대해 반응속도론 실험에서 유사 2차반응이 관찰되었고 실험 데이터와 잘 일치하였다. 흡착평형은 높은 회귀계수 $R^2$ > 0.98로 Langmuir 와 Dubini-Radushkevich (D-R) 등온에 따랐다. 이 D-R 모델로부터 평균자유에너지 $E_a$ 는 MB와 MG 염료에 대해 각기 3.779와 2.564가 이었으며, 이것은 물리적 흡착과 정에 해당된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.503-507
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• 2016

The genus Spirometra belongs to the family Diphyllobothriidae and order Pseudophyllidea, and includes intestinal parasites of cats and dogs. In this study, a plerocercoid labeled as Spirometra mansonoides from the USA was examined for species identification and phylogenetic analysis using 2 complete mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (nad3). The cox1 sequences (1,566 bp) of the plerocercoid specimen (USA) showed 99.2% similarity to the reference sequences of the plerocercoid of Korean Spirometra decipiens (GenBank no. KJ599679), and 99.1% similarity in regard to nad3 (346 bp). Phylogenetic tree topologies generated using 4 analytical methods were identical and showed high confidence levels with bootstrap values of 1.00, 100%, 100%, and 100% for Bayesian inference (BI), maximum-likelihood (ML), neighbor-joining (NJ), and maximum parsimony (MP) methods, respectively. Representatives of Diphyllobothrium and Spirometra species formed a monophyletic group, and the sister-genera status between these species was well supported. Trapezoic proglottids in the posterior 1/5 region of an adult worm obtained from an experimentally infected cat were morphologically examined. The outer uterine loop of the uterus coiling characteristically consisted of 2 complete turns. The results clearly indicated that the examined Spirometra specimen from the USA matched to S. decipiens very well, and indicated possible presence of the life cycle of this species in this region.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.67.2-68
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• 2003

A rice cultivar, Taebaegbyeo, is highly resistant to rice blast and moderately resistant to bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Magnaporthe grisea and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, respectively. To study the rice disease resistance mechanism, we generated rice deletion M3 mutants by gamma-ray irradiation. Blast and BLB responses of 16,000 M3 mutants were screened by inoculating mixtures of 4 races (KJ-201, H-1113a, KI-313, KI-409) of M. grisea and 3 Korean races of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. We selected so far 21 M3 mutants of Taebaegbyeo showing high susceptibility to the diseases. One of the mutants, KCT-6417, was susceptible to KI-1113a race of M. grisea, suggesting the deletion of a race-specific blast resistance gene in the mutant. To isolate rice genes involved in blast resistance and defense response, we take a PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization approach using cDNAs of blast-inoculated wild type and the KCT-6417 as a tester and a driver, respectively. Genes specifically expressed in the wild type will be presented. The selected genes would give us a clue to understand mechanism for the race specific resistance and defense responses against M. grisea H-1113a in Taebaegbyeo.