• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.247-250
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• 2021

관계추출(Relation Extraction)이란 주어진 문장에서 엔터티간의 관계를 예측하는 것을 목표로 하는 태스크이다. 이를 위해 문장 구조에 대한 이해와 더불어 두 엔터티간의 관계성 파악이 핵심이다. 기존의 관계추출 연구는 영어 데이터를 기반으로 발전되어 왔으며 그에 반해 한국어 관계 추출에 대한 연구는 부족하다. 이에 본 논문은 한국어 문장내의 엔터티 정보에 대한 위치 정보를 활용하여 관계를 예측할 수 있는 방법론을 제안하였으며 이를 다양한 한국어 사전학습 모델(KoBERT, HanBERT, KorBERT, KoELECTRA, KcELECTRA)과 mBERT를 적용하여 전반적인 성능 비교 및 분석 연구를 진행하였다. 실험 결과 본 논문에서 제안한 엔터티 위치 토큰을 사용하였을때의 모델이 기존 연구들에 비해 좋은 성능을 보였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.495-500
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• 1997

To isolate a gene for cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. E1, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was carried out. Direct molecular cloning of 1.2 kbp fragment and partial nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR amplified clone, pH12, showed close homology with CGTases from Bacillus species. To investigate the genomic structure of the gene, Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA was carried out with the clone pH12 as a molecular probe. It showed that 5.3 kbp XbaI fragment was hybridized with the probe pH12. To isolate a genomic clone, genomic DNA library was constructed and a genomic clone for CGTase, pCGTE1, was isolated. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the clone pCGTE1 revealed that BCGTE1 contained 2,109 bp open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 703 amino acids and showed over 94.3% amino acid sequence homology with CGTase of ${\beta}-cyclodextrin$ producer, Bacillus sp. KC201.(Received October 7, 1997; accepted October 20, 1997)

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2009

Onion juices supplemented with different concentrations of puffed red ginseng extract were fermented using Pediococcus pentosaceus KC-007 and their biologically functional properties were investigated. When onion juices were supplemented with puffed red ginseng extract at the concentration of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% (v/v) each, viable cell number of lactic acid bacteria was the highest at 24 hr of fermentation in all samples. The titratable acidity increased as the fermentation proceeds irrespective of the added amount of red ginseng extract, and the pH of fermentation broth decreased until 36 hr of fermentation. The reducing sugar of fermentation broth decreased until 24 hr of fermentation and did not change thereafter. The electron donating ability and nitrite scavenging ability were highest when red ginseng extract was added at the concentration of more than 1% (w/v). The overall acceptance in sensory evaluation was the best when red ginseng extract was added at the concentration of 1% (w/v). From these results, it is confirmed that the optimum concentration of puffed red ginseng extract for the lactic acid fermentation of onion juice was 1% (w/v).

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2023

데이터 증강은 인공지능 모델의 학습에서 필요한 데이터의 양이 적거나 편향되어 있는 경우, 이를 보완하여 모델의 성능을 높이는 데 도움이 된다. 이미지와는 달리 자연어의 데이터 증강은 문맥이나 문법적 구조와 같은 특징을 고려해야 하기 때문에, 데이터 증강에 많은 인적자원이 소비된다. 본 연구에서는 복수의 대규모 언어 모델을 사용하여 입력 문장과 제어 조건으로 프롬프트를 구성하는 데 최소한의 인적 자원을 활용한 의미적으로 유사한 문장을 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 대규모 언어 모델을 단독으로 사용하는 것만이 아닌 병렬 및 순차적 구조로 구성하여 데이터 증강의 효과를 높이는 방법을 제안한다. 대규모 언어 모델로 생성된 데이터의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 동일한 개수의 원본 훈련 데이터와 증강된 데이터를 한국어 모델인 KcBERT로 다중 클래스 분류를 수행하였을 때의 성능을 비교하였다. 다중 대규모 언어 모델을 사용하여 데이터 증강을 수행하였을 때, 모델의 구조와 관계없이 증강된 데이터는 원본 데이터만을 사용하였을 때보다 높거나 그에 준하는 정확도를 보였다. 병렬 구조의 다중 대규모 언어 모델을 사용하여 400개의 원본 데이터를 증강하였을 때에는, 원본 데이터의 최고 성능인 0.997과 0.017의 성능 차이를 보이며 거의 유사한 학습 효과를 낼 수 있음을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.697-703
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• 2017

This paper examines the flexure behavior of FRP-concrete composite structure that can replace conventional reinforced concrete structure types. In order to investigate the structural performance and behavioral characteristics in numerical analysis means, ABAQUS, a general purpose finite element analysis program, was utilized for nonlinear finite element analysis, and the various variables and their influences were analyzed and compared with experimental results to suggest values optimized to this composite structure. The concrete damage plasticity model and Euro code for concrete were used. In the implicit finite element analysis, the convergence was ambiguous when geometrical and material nonlinearity were large, so the explicit finite element analysis used in this study was deemed to be appropriate. From the comparison with the experiment about concrete damaged plasticity model, 20mm for the mesh size, $30^{\circ}$ for the dilation angle, $100Nmm/mm^2$ for the value of fracture energy, 0.667 for Kc value, and the consideration of damage parameter were suggested believed to be appropriate. The numerical model suggested in this study was able to imitate the ultimate load and cracking pattern very well; therefore, it is expected to be utilized in research of various new material composite structures.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2012

Objectives : We investigated the prevalence and composite score of the neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI), and dementia of Alzheimer's type(AD). The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between the result of Korean Neuropsychiatric Inventory(K-NPI) and cognitive function. Methods : A total of 163 patients diagnosed with MCI or AD was divided into three groups(55 MCI patients, 56 dementia patients with mild stage, and 52 dementia patients with moderate, severe stage). We examined neuro-psychiatric symptoms by K-NPI and compared the prevalence and composite score of each subdomain in K-NPI among three groups. Results : The most common symptoms in the MCI group were depression/dysphoria, sleep/night-time behavior, anxiety, and irritability/lability. In mild AD group, the most frequent disturbance was agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, anxiety, apathy/indifference, and sleep/night-time behavior. In moderate to severe AD group, the most frequent disturbance was apathy/indifference, depression/dysphoria, agitation/aggression, and delusion. The frequencies of delusion, hallucination, agitation/aggression, apathy/indifference, aberrant motor behavior, appetite/eating change were statistically significant. The total NPI score showed a negative correlation with MMSE-KC and a positive correlation with GDS. Conclusions : Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common features of MCI and AD. These symptoms observed in MCI are similar to those of mild AD. Psychosis is most common in moderate to severe AD, leading to a faster rate of cognitive decline. Therefore, proper management according to the neuropsychiatric symptoms of MCI and three stages of dementia is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.3C
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• pp.398-407
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• 2004

In this paper, a blind watermarking method which is suitable to the video compression using 2-D discrete wavelet transform was proposed and implemented into the hardware using VHDL(VHSIC Hardware Description Language). The goal of the proposed watermarking algorithm is the authentication about the manipulation of the watermark embedded image and the detection of the error positions. Considering the compressed video image, the proposed watermarking scheme is unrelated to the quantization and is able to concurrently embed or extract the watermark. We experimentally verified that the lowest frequency subband(LL4) is not sensitive to the change in the spatial domain, so LL4 subband was selected for the mark space. And the combination of the bitplanes which has the properties of both the minimum degradation of the image and the robustness was chosen as the embedded Point in the mark space in LL4 subband. Since we know the watermark embedded positions and the watermark is embedded by not varying the value but changing the value, the watermark can be extracted without the original image. Also, for the security when exposing the watermark embedded position, we embed the encrypted watermark by the block cipher. The proposed watermark algorithm shows the robustness against the general image manipulation and is easily transplanted into the image or video compressor with the minimal changing in the structure. The designed hardware has 4037 LABs(24％) and 85 ESBs(3％) in APEX20KC EP20K400CF672C7 FPGA of Altera and stably operates in 82MHz clock frequency.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.476-482
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• 1997

A portable electronic nose system has been fabricated and characterized using an oxide semiconductor gas sensor array and pattern recognition techniques such as principal component analysis and back-propagation artificial neural network. The sensor array consists of six thick-film gas sensors whose sensing layers are Pd-doped $WO_{3}$, Pt-doped $SnO_{2}$, $TiO_{2}-Sb_{2}O_{5}-Pd$-doped $SnO_{2}$, $TiO_{2}-Sb_{2}O_{5}-Pd$-doped $SnO_{2}$ + Pd coated layer, $Al_{2}O_{3}$-doped ZnO and $PdCl_{2}$-doped $SnO_{2}$. The portable electronic nose system consists of an 16bit Intel 80c196kc as CPU, an EPROM for storing system main program, an EEPROM for containing optimized connection weights of artificial neural network, an LCD for displaying gas concentrations. As an application the system has been used to identify 26 carbon monoxide/hydrocarbon (CO/HC) car exhausting gases in the concentration range of CO 0%/HC 0 ppm to CO 7.6%/HC 400 ppm and the identification has been successfully demonstrated.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2020

Objective : This study identified the effect of tailored occupational intervention applied to the elderly with mild dementia using the day care center. Methods : This study applied the single-group experimental design to 29 elderly with mild dementia who use the day care center in B area, and conducted a total of 10 sessions once a week, 60 minutes. Intervention consisted largely of group activities and individual activities, and individual activities were conducted one-on-one with various activities necessary to select occupational goals and achieve the goals through consultation between the elderly with mild dementia and the person in charge. The effects of tailored occupational intervention were confirmed through CERAD, BBS, and GDS. Results : Significant differences were shown in the total score of MMSE-KC, time orientation, attention, constructional praxis delayed recall, and trail making test B in the cognitive function changes, and standing to sitting, standing unsupported with eyes closed of BBS in the physical function changes, and in the GDS score in the depression changes (p<.05). Conclusion : Tailored occupational intervention has been shown to be effective in improving cognitive and physical functions of the elderly with mild dementia and reducing depression. This provided a basis for proposing a tailored occupational intervention as an intervention that can be applied to the elderly with mild dementia.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.200-207
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• 2016

Objectives : Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by progressive decline of cognitive function and also by various behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD) which causes distress to their caregivers. The purpose of this study was to investigate association between each AD patients' behavioral psychological symptoms and their caregivers' burden. Methods : Participants were 80 AD patients and their caregivers. We used Korean neuropsychiatric inventory (K-NPI) to assess the symptoms of patients and Korean version of Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI) to evaluate caregivers' burden. Results : The results showed ZBI score, which is the index for caregivers' burden, had a statistically significant positive correlation with the frequency of delusion, hallucination, agitation/aggression, depression, anxiety, disinhibition and irritability, the severity of hallucination, agitation/aggression, anxiety, disinhibition, aberrant motor, and sleep, and the global score(frequency${\times}$severity) for delusion, hallucination, agitation/aggression, depression, anxiety, disinhibition, aberrant motor, and sleep. There were significant correlations between each scale for cognitive function(i.e. MMSE-KC, CDR, GDS) and ZBI scale. Correlations between each scale for activity of daily living(i.e. Barthel -ADL, K-ADL) and ZBI scale were also significant. Conclusions : There were a significant correlation between BPSD and caregiver burden. Caregiver burden was also correlated with cognitive function and activity of daily living. Early detection and preventive treatment of these symptoms in BPSD might make improvement of caregivers' quality of life as well as AD patients'.