• Title/Summary/Keyword: K-L expansion

Search Result 354, Processing Time 0.024 seconds

A Study on Connected Digits Recognition Using the K-L Expansion (K-L 전개를 이용한 연속 숫자음 인식에 관한 연구)

  • 김주곤;오세진;황철준;김범국;정현열
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
    • /
    • v.2 no.3
    • /
    • pp.24-31
    • /
    • 2001
  • The K-L expansion is a method for compressing dimensions of features and thus reduces computational cost in recognition process. Also This is well known that features can be extracted without much loss of information in the statistical pattern recognition. In this paper, the method that effectively applies K-L(Karhunen-Loeve) expansion to feature parameters of speech is proposed to improve the recognition accuracy of the Korean speech recognition system. The recognition performance of a novel feature parameters obtained by the proposed method(K-L coefficients) is compared with those of conventional Mel-cepstrum and regressive coefficients through speaker independent connected digits recognition experiments. Experimental results showed that average recognition rates using the K-L coefficients with regression coefficients obtained higher accuracy than conventional Mel-cepstrum with their regression coefficients.

  • PDF

Design of Pipe Expanding Die by Upper Bound Analysis and Finite Element Method (상계법과 유한요소법을 이용한 확관금형 설계)

  • Cho, Yong-Il;Kim, Seung-Hwan;Qiu, Yuan-gen;Cho, Hae-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
    • /
    • v.19 no.5
    • /
    • pp.98-104
    • /
    • 2020
  • Pipe expansion involves various methods to enlarge the diameter of the pipes with the use of a mandrel or punch placed inside the pipe. In this study, the upper bound method was used to analyze the pipe expanding process as well as design a die. A kinematically admissible velocity field was derived for the upper bound analysis with the occurrence of pipe thinning during the expansion factored in. The analysis confirms that a semi-cone angle of the punch between 15ween pip is most advantageous for pipe expansion. The results of the upper bound analysis, which were also consistent with those of the FEM, can be useful for the design of a pipe expansion die.

Syllable Recognition of HMM using Segment Dimension Compression (세그먼트 차원압축을 이용한 HMM의 음절인식)

  • Kim, Joo-Sung;Lee, Yang-Woo;Hur, Kang-In;Ahn, Jum-Young
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
    • /
    • v.15 no.2
    • /
    • pp.40-48
    • /
    • 1996
  • In this paper, a 40 dimensional segment vector with 4 frame and 7 frame width in every monosyllable interval was compressed into a 10, 14, 20 dimensional vector using K-L expansion and neural networks, and these was used to speech recognition feature parameter for CHMM. And we also compared them with CHMM added as feature parameter to the discrete duration time, the regression coefficients and the mixture distribution. In recognition test at 100 monosyllable, recognition rates of CHMM +${\bigtriangleup}$MCEP, CHMM +MIX and CHMM +DD respectively improve 1.4%, 2.36% and 2.78% over 85.19% of CHMM. And those using vector compressed by K-L expansion are less than MCEP + ${\bigtriangleup}$MCEP but those using K-L + MCEP, K-L + ${\bigtriangleup}$MCEP are almost same. Neural networks reflect more the speech dynamic variety than K-L expansion because they use the sigmoid function for the non-linear transform. Recognition rates using vector compressed by neural networks are higher than those using of K-L expansion and other methods.

  • PDF

The radiographic study of cortical changes of bone caused by jaw lesions (악골 병소에 의한 피질골 변화에 관한 방사선학적 연구)

  • Yu Jae-Jung;Hwang Eui-Hwan;Lee Sang-Rae
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.81-87
    • /
    • 2002
  • Purpose : To investigate the diagnostic significance of cortical changes in the bone of diseased jaws utilizing computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: Computed tomographic images of 91 patients, consisting of 7 osteomyelitis, 46 cysts, 18 benign tumors, and 20 malignant tumors, were analyzed. The pattern of cortical expansion was classified into three types: no expansion (N), buccal or lingual expansion (B/L), and buccolingual expansion (B & L). The pattern of cortical destruction was classified into four types: no destruction (N), point destruction (PO), gross destruction (GR), and permeative destruction (PE). The pattern of periosteal reaction was classified into four types: parallel, irregular, spicule, and Codmans triangle. The relationship between the pattern of cortical bone changes and diseases of the jaws was assessed. Results: When the pattern of cortical expansion was compared to diseases of the jaw, N-type was most prevalent in cases of osteomyelitis and malignant tumors, B/L-type with cysts, and B&L-types with benign tumors. Comparison between the pattern of cortical bone destruction with diseases of the jaw showed strong correlations between PO and PE-types to osteomyelitis, N-type with cysts, N and GR-types with benign tumors, and GR-type with malignant tumors. Finally, the relationship between the pattern of periosteal reaction to diseases of the jaw showed a strong correlation between parallel-type to osteomyelitis and spicule-type to malignant tumors. Conclusion : The pattern of cortical expansion and cortical destruction is useful in differentiating diseases of the jaws.

  • PDF

Measurement of Mechanical Property and Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Carbon-Nanotube-Reinforced Epoxy Composites (탄소나노튜브로 강화된 에폭시 복합재료의 기계적 물성과 열팽창 계수 측정)

  • Ku, Min Ye;Kim, Jung Hyun;Kang, Hee Yong;Lee, Gyo Woo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
    • /
    • v.37 no.5
    • /
    • pp.657-664
    • /
    • 2013
  • By using shear mixing and ultrasonication, we fabricated specimens of well-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotube composites. To confirm the proper dispersion of the filler, we used scanning electron microscopy images for quantitative evaluation and a tensile test for qualitative assessment. Furthermore, the coefficients of thermal expansion of several specimens having different filler contents were calculated from the measured thermal strains and temperatures of the specimens. Based on the microscopy images of the well-dispersed fillers and the small deviations in the measurements of the tensile strength and stiffness, we confirmed the proper dispersion of nanotubes in the epoxy. As the filler contents were increased, the values of tensile strength increased from 58.33 to 68.81 MPa, and those of stiffness increased from 2.93 to 3.27 GPa. At the same time, the coefficients of thermal expansion decreased. This implies better thermal stability of the specimen.

Spatial Simulation of Urban Expansion Area using GIS and CA Technologies (GIS-CA 기법을 이용한 도시확산 지역의 공간적 모의)

  • Kim, Dae-Sik;Chung, Ha-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
    • /
    • v.10 no.4 s.25
    • /
    • pp.9-18
    • /
    • 2004
  • The purpose or this study is to simulate spatially the urban expansion phenomena with a cellular automata (CA) technique using GIS. A study area, Suwon city, was selected for test of model verification and application with the classified land-use maps of three data years: 1986, 1996, and 2000. The urbanized potential maps were generated with seven criteria of one geographic factor (slope of land), and six accessibility factors (time distances from city, national road, Seoul, station, and built-up boundary), considering their weighting values, which were optimized by WSM (weighted scenario method for intensity order) combined a ranking method and a AHP technique. The optimized weighting values at the urban expansion between 1986 and 1996 were applied to verify the CA model for the other expansion between 1996 and 2000. The results of model application showed that urban sprawl phenomena of the urban expansion toward rural area can be simulated spatially and temporally with several boundary conditions considering various scenarios for the criteria and parameters of the model. Ultimately, this study can contribute to reference data for land-use planning of urban fringe areas.

Predicting Changes in Fishing Conditions for the Small Yellow Croaker Larimichthys polyactis based on Expansions of the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water (황해저층냉수에 따른 참조기(Larimichthys polyactis) 어황의 변화와 예측 가능성)

  • Lim, Yu Na;Kim, Heeyong;Kim, Dae Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.47 no.4
    • /
    • pp.419-423
    • /
    • 2014
  • We consider changes in the fishing ground of the small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis and discuss their utility in predicting fishing conditions for this species. The fishing ground, which having been formed around Jeju Island since the 1970s, is dominated by the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water (YSBCW), and variation in its southward expansion from the Yellow Sea is the single most key environmental factor affecting the L. polyactis catch. When the YSBCW showed strong expansion and the fishing ground shifted to the west and southwest of Jeju Island, as occurred in the late 1980s, late 1990s, and early 2000s, the L. polyactis catch was low; conversely, when expansion was weak, as in the early 1990s and late 2000s, the L. polyactis catch was high. This relationship was statistically significant and should be useful in predicting fishing conditions for L. polyactis.

GENERALIZED EULER POWER SERIES

  • KIM, MIN-SOO
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
    • /
    • v.38 no.5_6
    • /
    • pp.591-600
    • /
    • 2020
  • This work is a continuation of our investigations for p-adic analogue of the alternating form Dirichlet L-functions $$L_E(s,{\chi})={\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}}{\frac{(-1)^n{\chi}(n)}{n^s}},\;Re(s)>0$$. Let Lp,E(s, t; χ) be the p-adic Euler L-function of two variables. In this paper, for any α ∈ ℂp, |α|p ≤ 1, we give a power series expansion of Lp,E(s, t; χ) in terms of the variable t. From this, we derive a power series expansion of the generalized Euler polynomials with negative index, that is, we prove that $$E_{-n,{\chi}}(t)={\sum\limits_{m=0}^{\infty}}\(\array{-n\\m}\)E_{-(m+n),{\chi}^{t^m}},\;n{\in}{\mathbb{N}}$$, where t ∈ ℂp with |t|p < 1. Some further properties for Lp,E(s, t; χ) has also been shown.

Development of a potential evaluation method for urban expansion using GIS and RS technologies (GIS와 RS를 이용한 도시확산 포텐셜 평가기법의 개발)

  • Kim, Dae-Sik;Chung, Ha-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
    • /
    • v.10 no.3 s.24
    • /
    • pp.41-51
    • /
    • 2004
  • This study aims to develop a potential evaluation method for urban spatial expansion using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS). A multi-criteria evaluation method with several criteria and their weighting values was introduced to evaluate the score and quantification of the potential surface around the existing cities. The six criteria with one geographic factor, slope, and five accessibility factors, time distance from center of the city, national road, interchange of expressway, a big city, and station, were defined for the potential. RS techniques were applied for classification of the actual urban expansion maps between two periods, and GIS functions were used for score of accessibility criteria with a distance decay function from geographic, road and several point maps, which was developed in this study. The new methodology was applied to a test area, Suwon, between 1986 and 1996. In order to optimize the six weighting values, this study made new findings to search the optimal combination of the weighting values from new methodology, weighted scenario method for intensity order (WSM), combined with intensity order and AHP method, including a trial and error method for sensitivity analysis to make the intensity order. The optimal combination of the weighting values by the new method generated the optimal potential surface, considering spatial trend of urban expansion in the test area.

Development of Hole Expansion Test for Sheet Materials Using Pattern-Recognition Technique (형태 인식 기술을 이용한 판재의 홀 확장성 평가 시스템 개발)

  • Jang, Seung Hyun;Kim, Chan Il;Yang, Seung Han;Kim, Young Suk
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.161-168
    • /
    • 2013
  • Nowadays, one of the most interested area of automobile industry is the production of vehicle which has collision safety and ability to produce less amount of $CO_2$. The achievement of such a dual performance is done by choosing the materials like dual phase steel, ferrite bainite steel, etc. These steels have been used in automotive chassis and body parts, and also used to be formed by hole flanging to meet the goal of strength and design requirement. The formability of sheet material was experimented by hole expansion test and the judgement relies on human eye and his experience. This manual judgement involves many errors and large deviation. This paper develops the automatic crack recognition system which finds a crack based on CCD image to complement the problem of the current method depending on human's sense.