• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2002

From 1994-2001, 25 mutilated digits were reconstructed with immediate toe-to-hand transfer in acute hand injury in 21 patients. There were 15 cases of great toe-to-hand transfer(partial great toe transfer 8 cases, modified wrap-around procedure 2 cases, and trimmed great toe transfer 2 cases) for thumb reconstruction, 2 cases of second toe transfer for index reconstruction, and 4 cases of simultaneous two toe-to-hand transfer(great toe & second toe transfer 1 case, bilateral second-toe transfer 2 cases, combined second & third toe transfer 1 case) for reconstruction of multiple digit amputations. Two cases of emergency exploration(2/25, 8%) were successfully salvaged. The incidence of emergency exploration and postoperative infection was not significantly different from that of the elective toe-to-hand transfer cases. Duration of industrial insurance coverage was 225 days, which is much shorter than that of elective cases. Among 43% of patients maintained their original job even after injury and immediate toe-to-hand transfer. The subjective satisfaction self- assessment scores of aesthetic appearance and function on the new reconstructed thumb were 80 and 88 in average, respectively, over a total score of 100. These were higher than those of reconstruction of other digits, but lower than those of elective reconstruction. The donor site after harvest of the great toe was mostly unsatisfied in a view of appearance. Immediate toe-to-hand transfer provides many advantages over elective procedure in acute hand injuries such as single stage reconstruction, shortened convalescent period, early return to work and efficient socio-economic factor. Furthermore because there were no significant differences in success rate, frequency of complications or ultimate functional result, immediate toe-to-hand transfer is a safe and reliable procedure in case of limited indications for acute digits loss.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.43-49
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• 2006

Purpose: Changes of degenerative disc have been analyzed or with the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to assign appropriate meaning, and the relationship between the degenerative changes of the discs and its living function has been evaluated through the living function evaluation scores collected by functional rating index. Methods: in April, 2006, a physical examination was conducted for physical laborers to be employed as on-site laborer in a steel industrial complex located at a region. A month later, these 20 laborers who participated in lumbar vertebra MRI tests have been investigated for one-to-one mobile phone functional rating index test. Excluding 3 of 14 respondents whom scored 0 in functional rating index, the rest of respondents' degenerative disc grade changes shown in MRI and its relationship to living functional rating index have been performed. Results: The Dabbs method of measuring disc height resulted to show significant increase as the disc height changes from L1-2 level to L5-S1 level (p<0.01). However, there was no statistical significance with a relationship between disc height and functional rating index, and disc height average. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging analysis regard on the degree of disc degeneration and its relationship to living functional rating proved to have significant relationship (p<0.05). Conclusion: The degenerative changes monitored by Magnetic Resonance Imaging show significant relationship (p<0.05) to living function. However, this relationship could vary depend upon the characteristics of study population. So, it suggested that the future studies should be performed by considering population's age and job career.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2004

A research project was conducted to study work-related musculoskeletal disorders （MSDs） at subway train repair plant in Korea. The project was consisted of 4 main parts; education on the topics of MSDs for all workers, symptom survey, medical check-up, investigation of MSD risk factors. The result of symptom survey showed that 95.2％ of the respondents complained pains on at least one part of the body. After cross-sectional analysis of various information and risk factors, 86.8％ of respondents were considered as active health surveillance level 1 that require continuous monitoring on their symptoms and working conditions. And 57.1％ of the respondents were considered as active health surveillance level 2 that needed medical check-ups for proper medical treatment. The analysis of occupational risk factors revealed that handling of heavy object (46.15％) and repeated awkward postures (46.15％) were two most contributing risk factors for the on-set of MSD at this work site followed by static strain (7.7％), and vibration and impact (3.8％). Medical examination was performed by an industrial medicine MD on 156 workers those considered as active health surveillance level 2. The result showed that 35 workers (20.7％) were considered as MSD patient group at severe level, and 68.6 workers (68.6％) were considered as moderate group and 18 workers (10.6％) were considered minor or normal group those have no symptom.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.262-265
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• 2003

We can agree that Quality Control in manufacturing industry have been improved successfully, but in construction industry, for example Sungsoo-Bridge broken out, Sampung Department store collapse, subway construction site explosion. and etc, it is difficult to be done. Because in manufacturing industry, they complete each other. If quality is not good. products aren't sold out. to sell more products they have to improve their products quality by themselves. However in construction industry they don't effort to improve quality if they get an order. Because if they get an order only completing their product is their job. There are engineering side, culturing side, and educational side to improve product quality. In this thesis I investigated evaluation system in construction industry. I am going to propose evaluation system by which they have effort to improve the quality even in construction industry.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.32-49
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• 1984

The East gate station area is 205M long and 24m deep which is located 13 meter in front of cultural treasure east gate. The area to be excavated by blasting is composed of granite rocks from 10M depth to 25M. Surface earth extends to up 10M depth. This job site has in involves heavy traffic congestion such as over 10,000 cars passing in rush hour where clossing No 1 lint of subway running 3 minitues head way. This east gate station construction is to be executed for the provent of the setting down of underground level and blasting vibration effects to cultural treasure east gate. Therefore, the caltural treasure committee approved this execution subject to the following condition. 1. Subway gelogical foundation and measured natural frequency 2. Execution of water tight wall 3. Sellection and test of damping material for wall and under rail 4. Measurement of monitoring system during the execution 5. Measurement of histogram system The above two projects was carried out by Dr. Kwang team in KAIST and prof, Han in Hanyang University under accadamic study contract. In the blasting work, for the pourpose of reduced vibration and low explosion velocity such as CCR, Kovex slurry. The 2nd, used electrical caps shall be delay cap and M/S caps in multi delay. The 3rd, drilling pattern is bench cut in open cut and applied control blasting in tunnelling and also shall drill anti-vibration holes as line drilling.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.6 no.4 s.22
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• pp.25-33
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• 2004

The waste concrete produced by the process of the highway construction and management, has been crushed in-situ, and the waste aggregate has been experimentally used for anti-freezing layer and lean concrete. After testing the bearing capacity on anti-freezing layer, it was found that when the waste aggregates mixed with natural sand would be within the required gradations, the layer meets the requirements of limitation and the percentage to passing 2$\sim$20mm sieve increased by 5$\sim$13% because the flimsy mortars on aggregate were re-crushed by vibrated-roller compactor. The compressive strength of lean concrete using recycled aggregate was 71$\sim$85% of the natural coarce aggregate made, but nevertheless the recycled aggregates are applicable to the lean concrete because they largely exceeded the required strength, $57.5kgf/cm^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.1438-1447
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• 2010

Construction sites are becoming larger and complex with the growth of national economy. Accordingly, It is essential to indentify real-time information about materials, equipments and manpower during construction at job sites. Even though research utilizing cutting-edge sensors has been conducted in architectural engineering field; this area of research is almost nil in civil engineering field. Therefore a feasibility study to find a way to apply cutting-edge sensors to an in-situ tunnel construction site adopting NATM is tried as the first step. After listing all construction materials needed in each activity, the most representative materials were identified so that IT technology can be applied by attaching and monitoring sensors to the selected materials; shotcrete and lining were selected as representative materials. Moreover, a plan to visualize construction process and progress management system using selected representative materials was proposed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.75-80
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• 2015

To train convergence experts ICT infrastructure must be learned IoT use capabilities of things. In this paper, targeted to students that are majoring in computer science, and for the design of the curriculum and the educational model that handles education of operation in general for training IoT-related education for five months to experts of convergence training describe the contents. Course is the basic ability of the process, core competence course, is divided into real-life capability process and on-site training course, was constructed in a total of 10 stages of the process details. Curriculum, it was designed to learn sensing technology, network technology, security, and content production technology. This educational model is utilized for job creation human resource training project of 2015 Ministry of Employment and Labor, it demonstrated the utility to contribute in order to achieve a high completion and the employment rate. Applicable to future university education plans to expand the curriculum, including courses that complement the Java.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.42-53
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• 2011

This study is to present a method of compiling consistently accurate construction cost estimates in minimum of time. There are two kind of applications for estimating system based on quantity-per-unit and the daily work-crew. The former system is still applied 45% as a estimating method to construction job site by the second half of 2010. However, it is necessary for quantity-per-unit to complement the defect of standard integrating specification and improve the integrating method to the various construction conditions. The later system is intended to represent a standard or basic core which can be adopted in many type of construction estimating used across the wide variety of construction in advanced countries. In this study daily work-crew based on productivity is applied to the representative B.O.Q Item in road project. These results are compared to productivity of Japan and U.S.A estimated under the similar circumstances.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2005

The development of various contents has been accelerated with the explosive increase of the number of internet users, the rapid expansion of wireless internet service and the pervasion of mobile terminal. Mobile service is able to offer the elastic service to anyone regardless of the place and the time. With this characteristics, this service could be extended even to the pace which the access was limited with the existing line service. The purpose of this study is to propose a system which is able to make a remote control of computer by means of mobile as an example of the production of contents for such mobile service. With this system it could be identified what kind of job a user of PC is making by mobile phone regardless of the time and place. The functions such as termination reboot, messenger, macro execution, and timer are included. The greatest advantage of the system proposed in this paper is to protect the youth, who are making an access recklessly to the harmful site, by use of mobile at my time and any place.