• 보존과학연구
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• s.36
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• pp.64-73
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• 2015

The temple and family or private owner have managed the storage space of movable cultural properties. Thus they lack the ability to manage professionally and systematically, movable cultural properties are in a poor environment and have been damaged by abundant dust and airborne fungi in the storage. In this study, we investigated microbes distribution in 10 storage or exhibition hall housing the movable cultural properties. As a results, concentration of collected microorganisms exhibited a large difference according to a storage and the D Relic Museum in Yeongam is the most contaminant storage, in which detected $2,000m^3$ or more. More than $166m^3$ of the fungi were detected in most storages of the other. We identified so many varieties of fungi such as Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Alternaria sp. and Cladosporium sp. existing commonly in 10 storages including wood rot fungi such as Ceriporia lacerata, Ganoderma carnosum, Myrothecium gramineum and Bjerkandera sp.. This airborne fungi may damage cultural heritages. The Guideline on a concentration of airborne fungi should be estimated and management system to the preservation environment must be provided.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2013

Premature-green wheat is typically obtained by early harvest when culms of wheat still appear green in color, and the wheat and its food products have been considered as wellbeing foods. The pasting properties of prematured whole green wheat powder (WGWP), were analyzed with a rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA), and compared with commercial flours. The RVA values of lower peak viscosity and time, holding strength, final viscosity, as well as breakdown and setback viscosity showed that the WGWP could retard a gelatination of starch and also delay retrogradation in bakery products. WGWP with different levels of 10, 20, 30 or 50% was added into flours for preparing bakery product (bread, muffin and cookie), and their quality properties were evaluated. The addition of WGWP lead to a reduction in loaf volume of bread and muffin, and bakery products containing different levels of WGWP showed the changed internal surface structure (e.g. pore size) observed with a scanning electron microscope when compared with the control (0% WGWP). The hardness, gumminess, chewiness of bread and muffins were increased, and cohesiveness was decreased as the WGWP content increased, but the hardness of cookies was decreased. The bakery products added WGWP showed darker and more greenish and yellowish color than control (p<0.05). The sensory evaluation showed that bakeries with WGWP were scored to have more greenish taste and green color (p<0.05), and muffins and cookies with WGWP were evaluated to have more nutty and less oily taste (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the anti-aging effect of Rosa damascena extract containing low molecular glycoprotein (RELG) converted from the high molecular glycoprotein by bioconversion. Free radical scavenging activities were performed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Antioxidant activities ($IC_{50}$) of RELG and the positive control ascorbic acid were $22.6{\mu}g/mL$ and $21.1{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. For skin cells, $15{\mu}g/mL$ RELG showed 28% antioxidant activity by inhibiting the production of active oxygen species induced by ultraviolet ray and hydrogen peroxide. $15{\mu}g/mL$ RELG prevented 10% the cell death caused by stress in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HDPC) and reduced 90% the production of active oxygen species. In addition, the glycoprotein showed not only anti-wrinkle effect but also moisturizing effect by 48% inhibition of matrix metallo proteinase-1 (MMP-1) production by ultraviolet stress and $10{\mu}g/mL$ RELG enhanced 10% neutral lipid synthesis with 44% aquaporin 3 (AQP3) expression, which is moisture factor. In conclusion, the RELG can be used as an anti-aging cosmetic material.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of empathy in relation to contact experience of the elderly and their knowledge level of ageing. For this study data was collected from 20th Dec. to 30th of Dec. 2018 355 university students from D university in J. province were surveyed. Data was analysis by using reliability test, correlation analysis, hierarchical multiful regression analysis. The statistical significance of the mediating effects was confirmed by Sobel's verification. The results of the analysis showed that the partial mediation effect of empathy was verified with regard to the relationship between elderly contact experience and discrimination of elderly people. In addition, the partial mediation effect of empathy was verified between level of aging knowledge and the perception of elderly discrimination. The results of this study confirmed the necessity of developing practical education and training programs to improve the level of aging knowledge and to increase contact experience with elderly people. There is also a need to enhance empathy in order to improve the awareness of discrimination against elderly people in health and welfare departments among university students.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.812-817
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activities and the melanin inhibitory effects of Hippophae rhamnoides L. fruit extracts. Two in vitro methods were used; the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method to determine antioxidant activity and measurements of the inhibitory effects of tyrosinase activity to determine melanogenesis in B16/F10 melanoma cells. The radical scavenging activity of the extract was 56.0% at $700{\mu}g/mL$, similar to ascorbic acid (56.9%), in the DPPH assay. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the extract was 52.1% and 73.4% at 100 and $500{\mu}g/mL$, which is also similar to ascorbic acid. In B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells, the extract inhibited melanin synthesis by 56% at $500{\mu}g/mL$, a more prominent inhibition of melanin synthesis compared to extracts from arbutin. These results suggest that extracts from H. rhamnoides L. have antioxidant activity and skin-whitening effects; allowing their application in cosmetics as a natural product.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

The survey was conducted to look out the characteristics of menstruation and it's management, menstrual attitudes and degree of dysmenorrhea in the adult women. The subjects were 601 women, aged 20 year old and over, selected by convenient sampling. The results were as follows; 1. The mean age of the subjects was 29.1 years, the subjects were consisted of 346 unmarried and 304 delivery experienced person. 2. The characteristics of menstruation were as follows ; irregular 167 person(27.8%), painful 451 person(75%), mean score of pain was 5.9 point and first day was most severe(45.1%). On the while, they have used the method to manage the pain such as "endure 50.8%", "to have a medicine 31.5%". 3. Menstrual attitudes were as follows; attitudes was negative such as it was meaningful as a woman (78.9%), only for birth a baby (51.6%), and menstruation was acceptable (42.9%), hope to get away(28.8%). 4. The degree of dysmenorrhea was a significant difference by age(F=4.0, P<0.01). Especially, in the subcategory, it was significant except for water retension. That is, lower concent ration(F=2.60, p<0.05), negative affect(F=3.09, p<0.05), behavior change(F=6.41, p<0.050), pain(F=3.89, p<0.01), autonomic nerve response(F=2.80, p<0.05). We can conclude there were many women to have negative attitudes to menstruation and first day was most severe dysmenorrhea and it was different by age. From this results, we may suggest as follows; 1. We suggest the program for women to have a positive attitudes will be developed. 2. We can suggest that we need to develop the active and effective method to control dysmenorrhea in the first day during menstruation.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.333-354
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• 2011

After the terrorist attack of 9/11 on the USA, the security concern to global trade has been raised. In particular, the USA has actively promoted a series of initiatives and rules such as CSI, 24 hour rule, C-TPAT, and so on in the area of logistics activities, which aimed to better protect the country against the potential terrorist threats. While implementing such schemes called as a multi-layed logistics security strategy, a large number of countries trading with USA are facing with the issues of additional time and costs for inspecting cargos in their logistics facilities. As a result, most countries all over the world have sought a way to minimize the impacts from such strategy. The Korea also is preparing the several security programs operated by various ministries, which are aiming to not only improve the efficiency of trade flows but also to ensure supply chain security. However, many companies are expressing the inefficiency of operating such programs. Thus, this paper analyzed several global supply chain security programs currently adopted by international organizations(ISO, WCO, and IMO) and major countries(USA, EU, and Singapore) and suggested a guideline for developing the national logistics security system.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.149-161
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• 2004

The fusion of nano technology and information technology is essential to sustain the present growth rate and to induce new industry in this ever-growing information age. Considering Korean industry whose competitiveness lies heavily on information related technologies, this field will be inevitable for future. Nano materials can be described as novel materials whose size of elemental structure has been engineered at the nanometer scale. Materials in the nanometer size range exhibit fundamentally new behavior, as their size falls below the critical length scale associated with any given property. " Bottom-up' techniques involve manipulating individual atoms and molecules. Bottom-up process usually implies controlled or directed self assembly of atoms and molecules into nano structures. It resembles more closely the processes of biology and chemistry, where atoms and molecules come together to create structures such as crystals or living cells. Nano scale sensors are included in the electronics area since the diverse sensing mechanisms are often housed on a semiconductor substrate and usually give rise to an electronic signal. The application of nano technology to the chemical sensors should allow improvements in functionality such as gas sensing. In this presentation, we will discuss about the nano scale information materials and devices fabricated by using the organic/inorganic nano templates.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.634-639
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• 2013

The use of medical imaging has been increased for diagnosis of cancer or vessel disease. Among the medical imaging, computed tomography (CT) is one of the popular methods, however, which should need administration of contrast medium. Therefore, we developed gold coated liposomes (GCL) as a contrast medium. To coat gold on the liposomal surface, positive charged liposomes was prepared and then negative $Au^-$ can coat on the liposomal surface by electronic interaction. The size of GCL was $154.8{\pm}9.2$ nm and surface charge was $27{\pm}3.2$ mV, respectively. The morphology of GCL was confirmed by electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The coating efficiency of gold was 18%. Chemical procedure for gold coating on liposomal surface was not toxic for cell cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Finally, we demonstrated attractive CT image for GCL. Taken together, the GCL would be useful for various vessel related disease as a contrast medium.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.297-307
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• 2017

Skin properties are influenced by a variety of internal or external factors. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the skin characteristics in Asian women. We evaluated values of skin physical parameters, and then assessed the correlations among the parameters, and regional differences in 1,500 Asian subjects in seven countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, India, China, and South Korea). The values of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pH, skin hydration, sebum content, skin sensitivity, elasticity, crow's feet wrinkles, and skin brightness were measured. New Delhi's women were observed to have a lower level of hydration in stratum corneum, sebum content, stinging scores, and darker skin color than others. Furthermore, their skin surface pH on all sites is the highest among seven countries. Vietnamese had the lowest pH values in skin surface. Korean and Chinese had generally higher elasticity and fewer wrinkles. Both the skin hydration and TEWL had positive correlations with the stinging test, and there was a negative correlation between wrinkles and stinging test. These results represent that there was no clear trend related to the area or region. Skin physical parameters should be studied along with understanding of regional differences and various factors (skin care habits, lifestyle and personal sensitivity).