Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회지)

Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea (대한화장품학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Comparison of Skin Physical Parameters in Asian Women

아시아 여성의 피부 물리적 변수들의 비교

  • Received : 2017.10.25
  • Accepted : 2017.11.29
  • Published : 2017.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Skin properties are influenced by a variety of internal or external factors. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the skin characteristics in Asian women. We evaluated values of skin physical parameters, and then assessed the correlations among the parameters, and regional differences in 1,500 Asian subjects in seven countries (Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, India, China, and South Korea). The values of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pH, skin hydration, sebum content, skin sensitivity, elasticity, crow's feet wrinkles, and skin brightness were measured. New Delhi's women were observed to have a lower level of hydration in stratum corneum, sebum content, stinging scores, and darker skin color than others. Furthermore, their skin surface pH on all sites is the highest among seven countries. Vietnamese had the lowest pH values in skin surface. Korean and Chinese had generally higher elasticity and fewer wrinkles. Both the skin hydration and TEWL had positive correlations with the stinging test, and there was a negative correlation between wrinkles and stinging test. These results represent that there was no clear trend related to the area or region. Skin physical parameters should be studied along with understanding of regional differences and various factors (skin care habits, lifestyle and personal sensitivity).

피부 특성은 다양한 내부 또는 외부 요인의 영향을 받는다. 이 연구는 아시아 여성들의 피부 특성을 조사 및 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 우리는 7개국(말레이시아, 인도네시아, 베트남, 태국, 인도, 중국 및 한국)에서 1,500명의 아시아인의 피부 물리적 변수 및 지역 간 차이를 평가하였다. 경피 수분 손실, pH, 피부 수분, 피지함량, 피부 민감도, 탄력, 눈가 주름 및 피부 밝기의 값을 측정하였다. 인도 여성들은 다른 국가들의 여성들보다 피부 수분량, 피지량 및 민감도 점수가 낮게 나타났고, 더 어두운 피부색을 갖는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, 모든 부위의 피부 표면 pH는 7개국 중 가장 높게 나타났다. 베트남인은 가장 낮은 수치의 피부 표면 pH 값을 보였다. 한국인과 중국인은 일반적으로 탄력성이 높고 적은 눈가 주름을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 피부 수분과 경피 수분손실량은 민감도와 양의 상관 관계가 있었으며, 주름과 민감도 간에는 음의 상관 관계가 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 해당 지역이나 지역과 관련된 명확한 추세는 없었다. 피부 물리적 매개 변수는 지역적 차이에 대한 이해와 함께 다양한 요인(피부 관리 습관, 라이프스타일 및 개인 민감도)에 대한 연구도 함께 진행되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. B. Fink and N. Neave, The biology of facial beauty, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 27(6), 317 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00286.x
  2. R. Muggli, Systemic evening primrose oil improves the biophysical skin parameters of healthy adults, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 27(4), 243 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00274.x
  3. R. Darlenski and J. W. Fluhr, Influence of skin type, race, sex, and anatomic location on epidermal barrier function, Clin. Dermatol., 30(3), 269 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.08.013
  4. N. O. Wesley and H. I. Maibach, Racial (ethnic) differences in skin properties: the objective data, Am. J. Clin. Dermatol., 4(12), 843 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2165/00128071-200304120-00004
  5. A. V. Rawlings, Ethnic skin types: are there differences in skin structure and function?, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 28(2), 79 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00302.x
  6. P. M. Friedman, G. R. Skover, G. Payonk, A. N. Kauvar, and R. G. Geronemus, 3D in-vivo optical skin imaging for topographical quantitative assessment of non-ablative laser technology, Dermatol. Surg., 28(3), 199 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4725.2002.02832.x
  7. P. J. Frosch and A. M. Kligman, A method for appraising the stinging capacity of topically applied substances, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 28(5), 197 (1977).
  8. J. W. Fluhr, M. Mao-Qiang, B. E. Brown, P. W. Wertz, D. Crumrine, J. P. Sundberg, K. R. Feingold, and P. M. Elias, Glycerol regulates stratum corneum hydration in sebaceous gland deficient (asebia) mice, J. Invest. Dermatol., 120(5), 728 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12134.x
  9. M. Roh, M. Han, D. Kim, and K. Chung, Sebum output as a factor contributing to the size of facial pores, Br. J. Dermatol., 155(5), 890 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07465.x
  10. E. J. Giltay and L. J. G. Gooren, Effects of sex steroid deprivation/administration on hair growth and skin sebum production in transsexual males and females, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 85(8), 2913 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.8.6710
  11. M. K. Kim, S. Y. Choi, H. J. Byun, C. H. Huh, K. C. Park, R. A. Patel, A. H. Shinn, and S. W. Youn, Comparison of sebum secretion, skin type, pH in humans with and without acne, Arch. Dermatol. Res., 298(3), 113 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-006-0666-0
  12. J. Aznar-Casanova, N. Torro-Alves, and S. Fukusima, How much older do you get when a wrinkle appears on your face? modifying age estimates by number of wrinkles, Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 17(4), 406 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1080/13825580903420153
  13. Y. Takema and Y. Yorimoto, The relationship between age-related changes in the physical properties and development of wrinkles in human facial skin, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 46(3), 163 (1995).
  14. C. Nagata, K. Nakamura, K. Wada, S. Oba, M. Hayashi, N. Takeda, and K. Yasuda, Association of dietary fat, vegetables and antioxidant micronutrients with skin ageing in Japanese women, Br. J. Nutr., 103(10), 1493 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114509993461
  15. Z. Liu, S. Song, W. Luo, P. M. Elias, and M. Q. Man, Sun-induced changes of stratum corneum hydration vary with age and gender in a normal Chinese population, Skin Res. Technol., 18(1), 22 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0846.2011.00536.x
  16. L. Rittie and G. J. Fisher, UV-light-induced signal cascades and skin aging. Ageing research reviews, 1(4), 705 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1568-1637(02)00024-7
  17. K. Tsukahara, K. Sugata, O. Osanai, A. Ohuchi, Y. Miyanuchi, M. Takizawa, M. Hotta, and T. Kitahara, Comparison of age-related changes in facial wrinkles and sagging in the skin of Japanese, Chinese and Thai women, J. of Dermatol. Sci., 47(1), 19 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.03.007
  18. C. Galzote, R. Estanislao, M. O. Suero, A. Khaiat, M. I. Mangubat, R. Moideen, H. Tagami, and X. Wang, Characterization of facial skin of various Asian populations through visual and non-invasive instrumental evaluations: influence of age and skincare habits, Skin Res. Technol., 19(4), 454 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1111/srt.12069
  19. S. An, E. Lee, S. Kim, G. Nam, H. Lee, S. Moon, and I. Chang, Comparison and correlation between stinging responses to lactic acid and bioengineering parameters, Contact Dermatitis, 57(3), 158 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01182.x
  20. Y. Wu, X. Wang, Y. Zhou, Y. Tan, D. Chen, Y. Chen, and M. Ye, Correlation between stinging, TEWL and capacitance, Skin Res. Technol., 9(2), 90 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0846.2003.00026.x
  21. J. Aramaki, S. Kawana, I. Effendy, R. Happle, and H. Loffler, Differences of skin irritation between Japanese and European women, Br. J. Dermatol., 146(6), 1052 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04509.x
  22. T. Tempark, S. Chatproedprai, and S. Wananukul, Attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of secondary school adolescents regarding protection from sun exposure: a survey in Bangkok, Thailand, Photodermatol., photoimmunol. & photomed., 28(4), 200 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.2012.00671.x
  23. M. R. Lee, G. W. Nam, Y. C. Jung, S. Y. Park, J. Y. Han, J. C. Cho, K. D. Suh, and J. K. Hwang, Comparison of the skin biophysical parameters of Southeast Asia females: forehead-cheek and ethnic groups, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol., 27(12), 1521 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12042