• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2017

A callus-mediated regeneration protocol for sea-milkwort, an endangered coastal plant species in South Korea, is reported here. The explants of in vitro-plantlets generated from a node culture revealed distinguishable responses in callus induction depending on genotype, explant source, light condition, and 2,4-D concentration. Especially, continuous darkness exclusively facilitated callus induction from explants prior to other treatments. The calli initiated on the media with 2,4-D ranging from 0.1 mg/L to 3.0 mg/L in the dark vigorously proliferated when subcultured on the same media in continuous darkness. Given 1.0 mg/L zeatin in addition to darkness to the calli of the 'Pistachio' genotype, normal adventitious shoots were only regenerated from nodular structures that formed earlier from the calli at the frequency of 24.4 percent. Regenerated shoots easily grew into plantlets with roots and green color on a phytohormone-free MS medium under lighted condition, that were used for node culture as plant materials. Node culture effectively multiplied plantlets in accordance with protocol by Bae et al. (2016). Acclimatized plantlet clusters developed mature plant clusters under inland environment, followed by flowering the following April. Results were merged with node culture protocol suggested by Bae et al. (2016), which, as an in vitro propagation system for sea-milkwort, may contribute to natural habitat restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to understand the management status of food wastes in school meal to find the effective ways that would reduce and recycle them. Data was collected using questionnaires from 223 school dietitians located in Jeonbuk area. The results were as followed : 1) Waste was managed by the dietitians(54.7%) and cook(42.2%). The waste disposal contract was made by dietitians(65.0%), executives(31.4%). Therefore, school dietitians had primary responsibilities in the waste management. 2) As disposal ways, 48.9% processed municipal solid waste and food waste together and 46.6% processed separately. 3) A half of schools(52.9%) produced food wastes weighed under 10$\sim$15kg daily and using food wastes as animal food for farms was most popular method to dispose(87.4%). 4) Reasons to have food-wastes were disliking the taste of menu(50.2%) and the inappropriate ways of dealing with remaining food(64.1%) and donating to food bank(33.6%) in order. 5) The suggested ways to reduce the food-waste was to improve on cooking method(72.2%), changing of portion size(61.0%), measuring the amount of leftover food(53.4%) and requesting cooperation to educators(52.9%). 6) The reported consequences of reducing the food waste were: lowered grocery expenses(46.2%), and inspiring students on helping environmental preservation(23.8%). Therefore, the administration should work on finding a method to reduce food-waste and a way to use these resources efficiently. It is important to induct student's attitude on recycling remaining products by using food bank via nutrition education. Dietitian also should consider to reduce the leftover of food by using a standardized recipe.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2004

To evaluate mutagenicity of Phosphinotricin Acetyltransferase(PAT) which is expressed by the glufosinate-resistance gene pat, in vitro reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium, chromosome aberration test using chinese hamster lung(CHL) cells and in vivo micronucleus test of mice were performed. In the reverse mutation, the PAT did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 with and without metabolic activation at $5000{\mu}g/plate$. In the chromosome aberration test, the results showed no incidence of increased structural and numerical chromosome aberrations at any doses tested(100, 10, $1{\mu}g/mL$). In micronucleus test, the ratio of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow of male ICR mice intraperitoneally administrated with PAT(1250, 625, and 313 mg/kg), the results showed no incidence of increased micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE). These results indicate that PAT might not have mutagenic potential in vitro and vivo systems.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2003

The effects of temperature, duration of wetness period, and fungicides on the spore germination, appressorium formation, acervulus formation and lesion development by Colletotrichum spp., cause of soybean anthracnose, and their pathogenicity were assessed in controlled environment. C. gloeosporioides was highly pathogenic on inoculated soybean seeds as high as C. truncatum, whereas remarkably low on the soybean leaves. Spore germination, appressorium formation and mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides were best at $25^{\circ}C$, but C. truncatum was best at $30^{\circ}C$. It has also done at $15^{\circ}C$, even though it was much retarded. C. truncatum showed high sensitivity to the fungicides, fluazinam and benomyl, meanshile C. gloeosporioides showed to fluazinam and triflumizole. At least 8 hrs. of wetness period was requird for the pathogen to develop lesions at $30^{\circ}C$. When the wetness period was 32 hrs. lesion size of was larger at $25^{\circ}C$ than $30^{\circ}C$, however it was traceable at $20^{\circ}C$. Different sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp. to fungicides suggests that proper fungicide is required to effective control of soybean anthracnose ingected multiply with Colletotrichum spp.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.774-783
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• 2007

This paper presents an integrated packaging antenna-diplexer module for wireless communication systems in the Cellular and SDMB band. The design and the realization of the proposed one are experimentally analyzed and discussed. It consists of a dual-resonance antenna and a diplexer with a multi-layer LTCC(${\varepsilon}_r=7.8,\;tan\;{\delta}=0.0043$) technology with integration capability and low loss. The dual-resonance antenna of the proposed module has the meander line structure for size reduction and has the shorting structure of an inverted F antenna to achieve good impedance matching. The diplexer of the proposed module was designed with the combination of low pass filter(LPF) and high pass filter(HPF). Decreasing the mutual interference between them provides a high isolation characteristic. The proposed antenna-diplexer module with dimensions of $27.5{\times}12.0{\times}2.2mm$ operates within a range from 813 MHz to 902 MHz for the cellular band and from 2,586 MHz to 2,655 MHz for the SDMB band. And the measured gain of the fabricated module is -1.96 dBi for Cellular band and -5.43 dBi for SDMB band. The parameters for the antenna-diplexer module are investigated and the several performances are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea society of information convergence
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2013

In this study, by using the Oculus Pentacam, we analyzed the relationship of corneal front astigmatism corneal and the radius of curvature of the rear face of the 20's to 40's. The vertical radius of curvature were man 7.94mm (${\pm}0.22$), women 7.87mm (${\pm}0.21$), the horizontal radius of the anterior corneal appeared man 7.69mm (${\pm}0.27$), women 7.63mm(${\pm}0.23$). And rear vertical radius of curvature were man 6.52mm(${\pm}0.23$), woman 6.55mm (${\pm}0.22$), the horizontal radius of the anterior corneal appeared man 6.06mm (${\pm}0.24$), woman 6.08mm(${\pm}0.24$). The results of correlation analysis between the radius of corneal posterior surface and the anterior corneal surface, it was found out that there is a significant correlation. In this study, similar results were obtained anterior surface of the cornea, the radius of curvature of the rear surface, the refractive power, and astigmatism, as other papers that have been reported. But in this paper, the cornea thickness was thicker than other previously reported paper.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2007

Although Energy demands of modern society increase rapidly, current energy would be exhausted shortly. Therefore development of bio-ethanol production process from cellulose containing materials was extremly demanded. Therefore development of highly functional cellulase is requisite for this purpose. In this study cellobio-hydrolase (CBH1) gene from Trichorderma reesei was used to increase cellulase activity by directed evolution and highly functional cellobio-hydrolase was obtained and characterized.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 2011

To determine mixing ratios for mixtures of rapeseed oil and other oils, an electronic nose (E-nose) based on a mass spectrometer system was used. Rapeseed oil was blended with soy bean oil or corn oil at ratios of 100:0, 97:3, 94:6, 91:9, 88:12, 85:15, and 80:20, respectively. The intensities of each fragment from the mixed rapeseed oil by E-nose based on MS were completely different from those of the soy bean oil and corn oil. The obtained data were used for discriminant function analysis (DFA). DFA plots indicated a significant separation of pure rapeseed oil and soy bean oil or corn oil and their mixtures. The added concentration of soy bean oil or corn oil to rapeseed oil was highly correlated to the first discriminant function score (DF1). When soy bean oil was added to rapeseed oil, it was possible to predict the following equation: DF1=-0.170*conc. of soy bean oil+0.431 ($r^2=0.989$). For corn oil the equation was: DF1=-0.1*conc. of corn oil+0.4 ($r^2=0.844$). The use of an E-nose based on a MS system is as an efficient method for the authentication of pure rapeseed oil.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.353-372
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• 2008

This study looks around the goals of teaching statistical graphs that are introduced in the seventh Korean Curriculum for Elementary School and in the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics(NCTM, 2000), and these are compared. We compare how to transpose statistical graphs didactically between the Korean and MiC textbooks. For it, it examines the types of statistical graphs, the methods defining them, and the making connections and comparing among them, which are content components in the chapters on statistical graphs. The results show that in contrast to the Korean textbooks, NCTM(2000) has allowed students to develop their own expression for data, to compare results analysed within different graphs, and to consider a graph as a whole in the goals of teaching statistical graphs. MiC textbooks have introduced the number-line plot and the box plot more than Korean. Although both of Korean and MiC textbooks usually use extensive methods for defining individual graphs, the former use extensive methods together with synonymic methods and the latter use extensive methods with the characteristics of graphs. Also, the number-line plot is defined using operative method in the MiC textbooks. MiC textbooks contain various activities for connecting and comparing graphs, but there are comparatively few comparing activities in the Korean textbooks.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.591-594
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• 2011

A 9-month-old, intact female Maltese dog and one-year-old, intact female beagle dog were presented with continuous heart murmur. These 2 dogs were diagnosed as patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) based on the two-dimensional echocardiography and angiography. Due to the large shunt size, commercially available ductal occlude device was used for transcatheter occlusion of PDA. After Amplatzer$^{(R)}$ vascular plug placement, cardiac murmur was abruptly disappeared in Maltese dog and mildly decreased in beagle dog. Complications and safety after the procedure were evaluated regularly in these 2 dogs. This is first clinical application of Amplatzer$^{(R)}$ vascular plug for transcatheter closure of PDA in two dogs in Korea.