• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.2334-2338
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• 2020

In recent years, 3D printing technology has received significant research attention. Additionally, 3D printing technology is being applied to study radiation dosimeters of various materials. In this study, a plastic scintillator for 3D printing was developed in a laboratory and used to manufacture a plastic scintillation dosimeter (PSD) with a shape identical to that of the ionization chamber PTW31010. The 16-mm beam of Gamma Knife® Perfexion™ was irradiated to derive the absorbed dose rates of the PSD and PTW31010; they were subsequently compared with the dose rates of the treatment plan. The differences in the dose rates of the Gamma Knife treatment plan and the absorbed dose rates of PTW31010 were within 0.87%. The difference between the dose rates of the Gamma Knife treatment plan and the absorbed dose rates of the PSD were within 4.1%. A linear fit of the absorbed dose rates of four shots involving different dose rates and irradiation angles yielded an adjusted R-square value exceeding 0.9999. A total of 10 repeated measurements were conducted for the same shot to confirm its reproducibility, with a relative error of 0.56%.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.791-795
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• 2005

A symmetric approach, using external rhinoplasty, is presented to aid the plastic surgeon in obtaining improved aesthetic and functional results in patients with postoperative nasal deformities. The external approach yields a full visualization of the underlying nasal framework and intraoperative evaluation of the deformities to be corrected subsequently. The nasal septal cartilage is unequivocally one of the best graft sources for reconstruction of the dorsum, columella or tip. It has fairly even surface and pliability in carving and shaping the graft. The graft can be obtained during the surgery with less morbidity and prepared easily for need of the shape. The only real disadvantage is the limited amount of cartilage that can be obtained from the septum. The dorsal and caudal rims, one or more cm in width, of the nasal septum should not be disturbed to maintain the nasal frame during harvesting the septal graft. Authors invented novel instruments, J & D knife and Flat (Spatula) suction tip, and have employed the devices for harvesting the septal cartilage. We were unable to gain enough amount of the cartilage by using a swivel knife or cartilage scissors. The septal cartilage can be resected as much as needed with newly invented instruments which facilitate a separation(method) technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.1329-1330
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• 2011

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.811-812
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• 2010

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.61
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• pp.67-93
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• 2003

The bronze hand knife is classified into 10 types in Liao-Ning and Ji-Lin provinces in the Bronze Ages; Bronze hand knife with hanging knob in the handle(Type A), with handle similar to the kitchen knife handle(Type B), with spoon-shaped ornament on the e

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2014

This study was carried out to evaluate the Salmonella cross contamination at retail chicken meat outlets in Kandy, Sri Lanka and to identify the risk factors for Salmonella contamination at retail chicken meat outlets. Fifteen retail chicken meat outlets in Kandy area were randomly selected. Pre-tested questionnaires were used to collect data for identifying risk factors of Salmonella cross contamination at retail outlets and swab samples from meat contact surfaces/utensils were obtained. Out of 57 swab samples collected from meat contact surfaces/utensils, the overall prevalence of Salmonella cross contamination was 21%. Weighing scale (33%), meat containing trays/buckets (27%) and cutting board (25%) showed the highest percentage of Salmonella prevalence whereas knife and showcase showed relatively low percentages, 14% and 9%, respectively. Retail chicken outlets with slaughtering facilities had a significantly higher prevalence of Salmonella cross contamination than those without slaughtering facilities. This higher rate of Salmonella cross contamination at retail chicken meat outlets could be attributed to lack of proper cold chains and minimal facilities, and poor level of hygiene in those outlets.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.3018-3025
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• 2021

The authors developed a volumetric dosimetry detector system using in-house 3D-printable plastic scintillator resins. Three tumor model scintillators (TMSs) were developed using magnetic resonance images of a tumor. The detector system consisted of a TMS, an optical fiber, a photomultiplier tube, and an electrometer. The background signal, including the Cherenkov lights generated in the optical fiber, was subtracted from the output signal. The system showed 2.1% instability when the TMS was reassembled. The system efficiencies in collecting lights for a given absorbed energy were determined by calibration at a secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (k_SSDL) or by calibration using Monte Carlo simulations (k_sim). The TMSs were irradiated in a Gamma Knife® Icon^TM (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) following a treatment plan. The energies absorbed to the TMSs were measured and compared with a calculated value. While the measured energy determined with k_SSDL was (5.84 ± 3.56) % lower than the calculated value, the energy with k_sim was (2.00 ± 0.76) % higher. Although the TMS detector system worked reasonably well in measuring the absorbed energy to a tumor, further improvements in the calibration procedure and system stability are needed for the system to be accepted as a quality assurance tool.