• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.84-91
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• 1999

Pneumoconiosis is a pathological change which is caused by coal dusts. It is a chronic disease that is not cured thoroughly but need treatment and nursing care through all lifetime of the patient. The family of the patient will be suffered from the physical and mental difficulties in the consequence of pneumoconiosis. The study is to find out the characteristics of the families with pneumoconiosis patients. The subjects of the study were 300 families with pneumoconiosis patients who were under medical treatment in Taeback, Donghae, Jeongsun Occupational Medical Center. The period of the study was from the 8th to the 31st of August, 1998. The data were collected by the structured questionnaires included the family intensity measurement which was translated by "Oh". The general properties of the subjects were calculated by frequency and percentage with SAS program. The followings are the summaries of the study. 1) The mean age of the pneumoconiosis patients was 62.3 years. The mean duration of diseases was 11 years and 7 months and the mean duration of hospital stay was 6 years and 4 months. 2) The mean age of the primary care giver was 55.7 years. The proportion of highschool education was 9.6% and it was quite low level compared to other primary care giver groups. 3) The average number of family members were 1.76 person(2.76 persons included patient). The economic status was somewhat high compared to other families with chronic patients. 4) The mean score of family intensity was 41.2(item mean=3.4). With the result, it is recommended to develop a program to improve the quality of family life. For example, there will be social support program for pneumoconiosis patients family sponsored by Social Insurance for Occupational Diseases.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

China is pushing a policy called China's Western Development in order to balance the continent's development level. They are connecting the rich natural resources of the mid-western areas and the capital of the eastern coastal areas of China. Since Korea depends on China the most for trade, it is necessary for Korea to always consider the trade scale and pattern changes of China. Response to changes in the transport and logistics system between the two countries is also demanded. This study aims to analyze the import and export trends between Korean and Chinese provinces of each item from the trade scale point of view. China's global trade routes reorganization and China's western development are considered and the corresponding direction is presented accordingly. The study also suggests strategies to expand the import and export scale with China based on the analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-171
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• 2006

This study was intended to suggest HACCP-based standard recipe for bellflower roots, classified as no thermal cooking process, served in a university foodservice operation. The time-temperature and microbial contamination level in each cooking step were analyzed. The temperatures of bellflower root, peeled garlic and green onion at receiving were at 13.8$\pm$2.8, 12.6$\pm$2.9 and 13.7$\pm$$0.8^\circC$ respectively, which were above the temperature limit. The time consumed for pre-preparation was up to 90 min at room temperature having high microbial growth potential. The levels of total plate counts (TPC) of bellflower root and garlic were over the limit of $10^6$ CFU/g as were the numbers of coliforms in bellflower roots. There were no microbial reductions in pre-preparation and cooking, which resulted in over $10^5$- $10^6$ CFU/g of TPC at service step. Two CCPs identified were washing/sanitation at pre-preparation and service steps. The control measures were washing/sanitation and temperature control. It was verified that CCPs for no cooking process developed in preceding studies were applicable for the microbiological food safety of this menu item. The HACCP-based standard recipe was developed to produce a quantity for 100 servings by observing the critical limits established for CCPs. These results suggest that the selection of proper provider is imperative to control the microbial contamination of raw materials at purchasing step. Also, the sanitary education program should be developed for the employees to understand and comply the HACCP plan and standard recipe.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.991-1002
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• 2010

Nowadays, personal media is a new tool for communication as digital cameras and mobile phones are developing rapidly. We are concerned over Cyworld users who could have different personal characteristics which will influence on buying patterns in on line shopping behaviors. The purpose of this research was to observe fashion attitudes and purchase behavior of Cyworld mini homepage users, for establishing marketing strategies by understanding consumers. For this study, one line survey was used for 500 male and female subjects who are 20 to 40 years old. Only reliable 441 questionnaires were used for analysis. The SPSS program was used for frequency, K-means cluster, t test, and chi-square test. A total of 441 respondents were clustered on the basis of 8 item self-disclosure scale, using the K-means procedures. The results indicated that respondents were clustered into two segments; 267 respondents(active attitude towards self-disclosure) and 164 ones(not active). We examined fashion attitudes in mini home page and buying behavior by self-disclosed variable. Those who are involved actively in self expression and self-disclosure considered more fashion style and trend. The major motivates of web surfing was finding a good design, and good price. High self-disclosure group tends to search many shopping mall for right design and low self disclosure group tends to search them for the right price. High self-disclosure group tend to shop the fashion products more, while low self disclosure group tend to purchase books more through the internet. We realized that active group in self-disclosure purchased their clothing accidently when they visit Cyworld.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.276-281
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• 2004

The study focused on setting priority among future core technologies that were derived by Delphi in agricultural management ＆ information using AHP. Items for the setting priority were decided as 'technology', 'market', and 'public concerns' by council. The future core technologies were divided as four parts by importance and R＆D level. Technologies that are consisted with upper two parts that have high importance were considered in the study. Questionnaires were given to 10 specialists in division of postharvest agriculture. As the results, 'market' was decided as a most important item. The most important technologies number were PⅠ16 in group Ⅰ, and PⅡ12 in group Ⅱ.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate repeated-dose oral toxicities of Chelidonium majus extract in Fischer 344/N rats. Chelidonium majus extract was administered orally to rats at dose levels of 0, 25, 74, 222, 666 and 2,000 mg/kg/day. Each group consisted of 10 rats of each gender. The Chelidonium majus extract was given once a day, 5 times a week, for 90 day repeatedly. This study was conducted in accordance with the Protocol of Korea National Toxicology Program (issued by National Institute of Toxicological Research) and The Standards of Toxicity Study for Medicinal Products (issued by Korea Food and Drug Administration). In the present study, There were no toxicologically significant changes in mortality, clinical signs, body weight gains, ophthalmoscopy, urine analysis, hematology, serum biochemistry, necropsy findings, organ weights, histopathology, estrus cycle and sperm examination of all animals treated with Chelidonium majus extract. These results suggest that the oral no observed adverse-effect level of the test item, Chelidonium majus extract, in rats is higher than 2,000 mg/kg/day in both genders. The target organs were not established.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2016

This study has been carried out to provide data for the workforce by analyzing personnel status of medical device manufacturers, level of difficulty in securing human resource, reason for difficulty in securing human resource, resignation rate, and recruitment methods. Results, medical device manufacturers are required overseas sales personnel responsible for international certification and exported, regardless of the production item. And the company is located in the metropolitan area did not facilitate a secure workforce. Medical device manufacturers have difficulties in securing personnel, regardless of the employees and sales. In particular, Class 3 production company was more difficult. The reason that it is difficult to secure the human resources is attributable to the poor working conditions of the private companies and there is a few possible employees equipped with the job competency demanded by corporate entities. With respect to the analysis on the retirement rate, the larger the company scale and the more the employee number, more difficulty is experienced in the human resource management. Therefore, for any medical device manufacturers with large organization scale, it would be critical to introduce appropriate human resource management program.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.148-163
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• 2002

Background : The personnel of emergency department have been under tremendous pressure to manage unexpected emergency situations and excited patients. And interpersonal conflict has existed always, because emergency department was consisted of various personnel of their own specialty. The patient's satisfaction has to come from the personnel's satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate emergency department personnel's job satisfaction and its related factors and to improve quality of emergency medical service Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey to the emergency department personnel was conducted between September 1 and October 31, 2001. The response rate was 90.2%. Using SAS program (Version 6.12), the collected data was analyzed by frequency, ANOVA, multiple comparison, Pearson correlation procedure, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Result : The analysis of related factors of job satisfaction showed high score of interpersonal interaction (3.246), professional prestige (3.095), autonomy (2.916), task requirements (2.701), organizational requirements (2.444), and pay (1.953) in order of item mean. Professional prestige (0.498), task requirements (0.464), and organizational requirements (0.408) were highly positive correlated with overall level of job satisfaction. The factors influencing the job satisfaction were professional prestige and task requirements which explaining efficacy were 37.6% and 32.2% respectively. The total explaining efficacy was 33.6%. Conclusion : It was found out that emergency department personnel's job satisfaction can be raised by promoting professional prestige and task requirements. The personnel of emergency department have to be satisfied through their job, and the administration of the hospital has to pay more attention to their employees' job satisfaction and it related factors.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.154-170
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• 1994

The Purpose of this study was to determine the degree and contents composing the qualify of life and to analyze the relationships among the demographic characteristics, the degree of pain and the quality of life of the cancer patients experiencing a radiation therapy. The subjects for this study were 110 out-patients experiencing a radation therapy at C University Hospital in K-city, from April to October, 1992. The data were obtained using a convenience sampling technique. The tool of this study was the quality of life scale developed by Ro, You-Ja and the data were analyzed using a SAS program for percentages, mean & standard deviation. ANOVA and Scheffe test. The results were as follows : 1. the average total score of the quality of life of the subjects was 139.65(minimum score 121-maximum score 164), item mean score grange 1-5) was 2.97. For each factor in the quality of life scale, the mean scores (range 1-5) were 3.29 in emotional state, 3.14 in relationship with neighbors. 3.04 in physical state and function. 2.92 in self-esteem, 2.81 in economic life and 2.65 in relationship with family. 2. The incidence of physical symptoms was seen fatigue ($84.5\%$). anorexia ($65.5\%$) and weight loss ($47.3\%$) in order. The 50.9 percentage of the subjects complained of moderate or severe pain. 3. The results of the analysis of the relationships between the demographic variables and the quality of life were as follows : Gender (F=8.45, P=0.0044), age (F=6.29, P=0.0001). educational level (F=5.67, P=0.0046), marital status (F=6.82. P=0.0016), occupation (F=2.86, P=0.009), monthly income (F=6.90, P=0.0003), family living together (F=3.95, P=0.0494) and person paying a medical fee (F=5.14, P=0.0023). 4. The relationship between the degree of pain and the quality of life was significant difference (F=3.12, P=0.0482).

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.132-140
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• 1993

The design of LNG ship needs very high level structural design/analysis technology compared with conventional ship types because it requires perfect security against the extremly dangerous and cryogenic cargo. Hence, present paper describes the general procedure of the structural safety assessment for independent tank type LNG ship, which contains following items. 1) Long term prediction of the wave induced stresses including ship motion analysis, structural analysis of hull and tank and stochastic analysis process of ocean waves. 2) Fatigue strength analysis of a tank structure based on the S-N approach. 3) Structural safety assessment against the fatigue crack propagation based on the LBF(Leak Before Failure) concept. The first report focuced on the item (1) (2) and example calculation was performed on a prototype LNG ship. The remained part will be covered by the second report.