• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.314-328
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• 1996

This study investigated the literature about science process skills' evaluation to analyse transition of evaluation objectives before and after a Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance. In the literature survey the researcher established a 3 dimensional science assessment framework with X axis as science concept, Y axis as science process skills and Z axis as problem context. In order to analysis and compare each items the researcher selected 210 items from the 1st to the 7th trials and 138 items from the 1st to 4th Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance and sampled 2873 science achievement test items from 10 high schools. In accordance with this taxonomy the researcher analysed and compared science process skills item forms. The following results were drawn : The items were evenly distributed in all the four areas(Earth Science, Biology, Physics and Chemistry) of the science concept domain, but they were heavily concentrated on data analysis and drawing a conclusion in science process domain. In the domain of problem context school context was the majority. In spite of distribution like this the ratio on science process skills measurement items and science achievement test items was increased after the Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance was given. Also the ratio on item expression type was increased. Item form was almost 5 options selection type in the national level test. Although there were 4 options selection type, 5 options selection type, short answer type, essay type in school level test, rising from 33.1% to 65.5% on 5 options selection type is exhibited. This study showed that the school level item form was better various than the nation level. This point like this is the evidence for the improvement toward the science process skills test and influenced by Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance. The ratio on the item which joined with the 3 axes had a mean of 99.3% in nation level test and mean 44.9% in school achievement test level. But the ratio in the school achievement test level increased after the Scholastic Ability Test for College Entrance was given. In view of this study we must furthermore study the item types which can evaluate valjdately science process skill's five stage each and evaluation method by the high school students' problem solving patterns and features in scientific inquiry on all science process skills elements.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 1983

본 연구에서는 제품의 수명시험을 수행하는데 있어서 수명이 지수분포를 따를 때의 결과를 [1]제품의 MTBF가 $T_1$인 경우, 검사에 통과될 확률 $1-{\alpha}$(${\alpha}$는 생산자 위험), 제품의 MTBF가 $T_2$인 ($T_1$ > $T_2$) 경우, 검사에 통과될 확률 ${\beta}$(${\beta}$는 소비자 위험)로 하여 수명이 Weibull 분포(Shape Parameter를 알고 있을 때)를 따를 때에로 확장하였다. 또한, 수명시험과 관계있는 검사특성곡선(QC curve)과 평균수명시험시간(Average Life Testing Time)을 구해 보았다. 비용분석은 [1]의 과정을 그대로 활용하였다. 위의 전 과정은 Level II Basic Language로 Programming하여 Micro-Computer를 이용하여 계산하였다. 본 연구와는 다른 관점에서 Weibull 분포의 수명시험계획을 다루었던 [6]의 결과는 모두 같은 방향 - 지수분포에 비해 수명시험시간의 절감 - 으로 귀결되었음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.877-885
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• 2011

협업 필터링은 추천시스템들 중에서 가장 널리 사용되는 기법이다. 그러나 협업 필터링은 추천의 정확성을 떨어뜨리는 희소성과 확장성 문제를 가지고 있으며 이를 해결하기 위한 다양한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 협업필터링의 희소성과 확장성의 문제를 해결하기 위해 가중치를 사용한 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 데이터 셋에서 추천의 정확성을 높이기 위해 평가값이 4이상인 데이터들만을 사용하여 아이템을 선호하는 사용자 정보를 분석한다. 아이템의 장르 정보와 분석한 사용자 정보를 유사도 계산 시 가중치로 사용하고 임계값 이상의 유사도를 가진 데이터들만으로 예측값을 계산하여 평가되지 않은 데이터의 평가값으로 사용한다. 제안한 기법은 아이템에 대한 특성을 분석하여 예측값을 계산함으로써 희소성을 줄임과 동시에 정확성을 더 높일 수 있고 새로운 아이템과 사용자가 등록되었을 때 분석된 정보를 바탕으로 빠른 분류가 가능하다. 실험을 통해 제안한 기법이 기존의 아이템 기반, 장르 기반 기법보다 추천의 정확성이 향상되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

매일 각종 모바일 디바이스와 온라인, 소셜네트워크서비스 등에서 쏟아지는 데이터로 인해 정보의 홍수를 넘어 과부하 상태에 있다. 이미 생성되어 있는 기존 정보들도 있지만 시시각각 새롭게 생겨나고 있는 정보들이 헤아릴 수 없을 정도이다. 연관분석은 이러한 정보들 속에서 나타나는 항목의 발생 빈도수가 최소 지지도보다 큰 빈발항목집합(Frequent Item set)을 찾는 방법이다. 항목의 수가 많아짐에 따라 규칙의 수도 기하급수적으로 늘어나므로 원하는 정보를 찾기가 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 트랜잭션데이터 집합을 Boolean 변수 아이템으로 나타내었다. 논리함수를 간소화하는데 사용되는 Quine-McKluskey의 방법으로 알고리즘화하여 각 항목에 가중치를 부여한 WT-알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안한 알고리즘은 항목의 개수와 관계없이 간략화가 가능한 장점으로 인하여 불필요한 규칙을 감소시켜 데이터마이닝 효율을 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.20-31
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• 2018

Good assessment is crucial for feedback on curriculum and to motivate students to learn. This study was conducted to perform item analysis on the Medical Education Assessment Consortium clinical knowledge mock examination (MEAC CKME) (2011-2016) and to evaluate several effects to improve item quality using both classical test theory and item response theory. The estimated difficulty index (P) and discrimination index (D) were calculated according to each course, item type, A (single best answer)/R (extended matching) type, and grading of item quality. The cut-off values used to evaluate P were: >0.8 (easy); 0.6-0.8 (moderate); and <0.6 (difficult). The cut-off value for D was 0.3. The proportion of appropriate items was defined as those with P between 0.25-0.75 and D ${\geq}0.25$. Cronbach ${\alpha}$ was used to assess the reliability and was compared with those of the Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE). The results showed the recent mean difficulty and decimation index was 0.62 and 0.20 for the first MEAC CKME and 0.71 and 0.19 for the second MEAC CKME, respectively. Higher grade items evaluated by a self-checklist system had better D values than lower grade items and higher grade items gradually increased. The preview and editing process by experts revealed maintained P, decreased recall items, increased appropriate items with better D values, and higher reliability. In conclusion, the MEAC CKME (2011-2016) is deemed appropriate as an assessment to evaluate students' competence and prepare year four medical students for the KMLE. In addition, the self-checklist system for writing good items was useful in improving item quality.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1426-1435
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• 2020

Objective: This study aims to develop CFT, a screening test for dementia that can be conducted on patients with mild cognitive impairment or early dementia. Methods: This study was conducted on therapists working at occupational therapy hospital in Gyeongsangnam-do. The data collection period is two months from July to September 2020, and the research participants were briefed on the purpose, significance, and anonymity of the research in consideration of ethical issues. A total of 33 copies of the data were finally analyzed, excluding those containing insufficient answers and errors, by distributing 40 copies of the data. SPSS Data Access pack 8.0 was used for data analysis, Cronbach's α value was evaluated for internal consistency reliability of each item, and Pearson Correlation coeffient between the lower scales of the assessment tool was measured. Results: The Cronbach's α value of the CFT was shown as .892 and the reliability of the assessment paper was shown to be quite high. The Cronbach's α value for each item in the cognitive assessment tool was the highest at .899 in the subtraction item, with exercise control (mook Chi Pa) at 888, visual memory, plus .887. The correlation of each item of cognitive assessment tools was found to be most correlated with the number of sustained concentrates and word2 to .934; in the stop word-numeric item and visual memory to be .85; and in the addition to the auditory memory item .739. Conclusion: Therefore, this study developed cognitive evaluation tools that can distinguish the diversity and cognitive level of screening tests and clarify standards, which are different from the existing dementia screening tools in Korea. Furthermore, the cognitive assessment tools of this study can be verified by applying them to patients with mild cognitive impairment and early dementia, and the criteria for generalization can be established.

• 경영과학
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to extract the characteristic cost through the time series analysis of each cost from 2003 to 2014, and to grasp the performance and relevance of the enterprise. Therefore, in this section, we analyzed the time-series analysis of selling, administrative, and non-operating expenses as described above. First, depreciation cost, advertising cost, transportation cost, research cost, current research cost, and ordinary development cost were extracted as the variables of interest to be verified in the empirical analysis. However, in the analysis of non-operating expenses, we could not extract the specific cost, but we could grasp the time-series flow of cost data before and after two epochs such as financial crisis and introduction of IFRS obligation. The results of this study show that sales management costs have a positive (+) effect on firm value. Empirical analysis confirms that management is trying to increase or decrease the cost This can be confirmed by the empirical results of this paper. At present, general enterprise accounting is done through ERP system. However, since the ERP system does not have an analysis system for each sales and management cost, the current system has difficulty in knowing the budget item for each cost each time the expenditure resolution for each cost item is made, It is a reality that the expenditure plan must be managed separately and it is inconvenient to keep it. However, if this practical difficulty is solved by the cost analysis system such as sales management cost, the present accounting information system will be further developed. Furthermore, the management will increase the profit item It is thought that coordination actions can also be prevented in advance.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2007

Participants in this study to develop the Korean version of the Early Childhood Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment(EC-HOME) were 294 3- to 6- year-old children enrolled in a child care center and their parents. Results were that EC-HOME had sufficient internal reliability : Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.80$. Correlation of test-retest ranged from .76~.97. In item-analysis, 9 items with low 'corrected item-total correlation' were removed resulting in 30 items. Factor analysis confirmed 6 factors : 1) Learning Material, 2) Learning Stimulation, 3) Responsivity, 4) Physical Environment, 5) Language Stimulation, and 6) Variety of Materials. Analysis of the relation of children's home environment to their characteristic variances with parents and developmental functioning showed high internal consistency and convergent validity of the sub-scales.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2006

Though weight manufacturing has in national gross production is decreasing, it has still a decisive role in economic growth of Korea, and foreign competitiveness of manufacturing has a great influence on our whole economy. Therefore, as this study speculates export competitiveness of manufacturing item by item, the results can be used for selection of strategic export-oriented products. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows: first, products that are found as competitive through analysis of trade specialization indexes are plastic, rubber, fabric, home electronic appliances, computers, communication equipment, automobiles and their spare parts. Second, electronic-electric industry such as semi-conduits, communication equipment, home electronics, computers was decided as advantageous through analysis of comparative advantages at present, while paper, print and publishing, and leather industries were classified as comparatively disadvantageous. Its political implications are presented as follows: Private corporations should develop more advanced technology and government should give more support to secure export competitiveness of manufacturing toward America. Governmental policies should be prepared to induce consistent and daring investment to technology-intensive products for export products with high-added value.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1990

The objectives of this study are to find out the research methodology about misconception, the types of scientific concepts to be misconcepted the analysis methodology of causes of misconception, and remediation methodology of misconception. The research methods of this study are descriptive ques tionnare, interview, classroom observation and curriculum analysis. The results of this study are: ${\circ}$ The descriptive questionnaire is sufficient to obtain children's ideas. ${\circ}$ The types of science concepts to be misconcepted are 'the invisible natural phenomena,' 'the vague Understanding', 'the contents of teachers' lecture', 'the lack of children's cognitive development,'and 'the influence of nursery stories.' ${\circ}$ The Cause analysis methods of misconception are that the analysis of the cognitive level of the questionnaire items, the examining the item concepts are taught or not and the investigation about the agreement of the cognitive level of the questionnaire item and children. ${\circ}$ Remediation methods are visualijation and instrustion of invisible natural phenomena, concrete presentation of the scientific concepts, and acceleration of the cognitive development.