• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 1999

근래에 유전자를 이용하여 체질(體質)을 객관화하려는 시도가 있었다. 이에 본인은 그 동안 한의학계(韓醫學係)에서 이루어진 유전자를 이용한 사상체질(四象體質)의 객관화 연구와 의학계 쪽의 연구 중에서 어느 정도 연관성이 있는 논문들을 비교 검토하여 앞으로 사상의학(四象醫學)에서 유전자를 이용한 연구를 하는데 있어서 방향설정을 하는데 도움이 되고자 본 논문을 쓰게 되었다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유전자 polymorphism(다형성)이 기능성을 가진 것을 대상으로 하여야한다. 2. Microsatellite는 기능을 가지지 않는 부분이므로 이것의 polymorphism이 체질(體質)과 관련될 가능성은 적을 것으로 사료된다. 3. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)은 일반적으로 체질(體質)과 관련이 있다고 믿어지는 인내력(忍耐力)을 결정하는데 중요한 유전자로 알려져 있는 바 이 효소의 polymorphism을 이용하여 체질(體質)을 분류하고자 한 시도는 의미가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 4. HLA는 다형성을 가지고 있고 HLA유전자의 발현에 따라 질병에 대한 감수성이 차이가 있다는 사실을 고려해 볼 때 앞으로 이 분야는 연구해볼 충분한 가치가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 5. DNA chip의 사용이 보편화되면 사상체질(四象體質)의 객관화에 많은 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1334-1337
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to detect polymorphism at growth hormone gene in Karan Fries bulls. A 428 bp fragment of growth hormone gene spanning over $4^{th}$exon, $4^{th}$intron and $5^{th}$ exon was amplified and digested with AluI restriction enzyme to identify polymorphism at this locus. Karan Fries bulls were found to be polymorphic at this locus. Two genotypes LL and LV were identified in Karan Fries with higher allelic frequency for L allele. In Karan Fries males, the average birth weight, 3 months body weight and daily body weight gains of LL homozygotes were significantly higher than that of LV heterozygotes. Genetic distances of KF bulls with respect to genotype along with 3 months body weight and average daily body weight gain forms a single cluster of bulls with LL genotype, while individuals with LV genotype forms three distinct clusters indicating more influence of L allele on growth traits.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권10호
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• pp.653-658
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• 2011

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum fungus has three endoxylanases induced by wheat bran. In the first part, a partial xylanase sequence gene (90 bp) was isolated by PCR corresponding to catalytic domains (${\beta}5$ and ${\beta}6$ strands of this protein). The high homology of this sequence with xylanase of Botryotinia fuckeliana has permitted in the second part to amplify the XYN1 gene. Sequence analysis of DNA and cDNA revealed an ORF of 746 bp interrupted by a 65 bp intron, thus encoding a predicted protein of 226 amino acids. The mature enzyme (20.06 kDa), is coded by 188 amino acid (pI 9.26). XYN1 belongs to G/11 glycosyl hydrolases family with a conserved catalytic domain containing $E_{86}$ and $E_{178}$ residues. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that there was no Asn-X-Ser/Thr motif required for N-linked glycosylation in the deduced sequence however, five O-glycosylation sites could intervene in the different folding of xylanses isoforms and in their secretary pathway.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2007

Due to the increasing interest in SNPs and mutational hot spots for disease traits, it is becoming more important to define and understand the relationship between SNPs and their flanking sequences. To study the effects of flanking sequences on SNPs, statistical approaches are necessary to assess bias in SNP data. In this study we mainly applied Markov chains for SNP sequences, particularly those located in intronic regions, and for analysis of in-del data. All of the pertaining sequences showed a significant tendency to generate particular SNP types. Most sequences flanking SNPs had lower complexities than average sequences, and some of them were associated with microsatellites. Moreover, many Alu repeats were found in the flanking sequences. We observed an elevated frequency of single-base-pair repeat-like sequences, mirror repeats, and palindromes in the SNP flanking sequence data. Alu repeats are hypothesized to be associated with C-to-T transition mutations or A-to-I RNA editing. In particular, the in-del data revealed an association between particular changes such as palindromes or mirror repeats. Results indicate that the mechanism of induction of in-del transitions is probably very different from that which is responsible for other SNPs. From a statistical perspective, frequent DNA lesions in some regions probably have effects on the occurrence of SNPs.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.426-431
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• 2015

Odin has been implicated in the downstream signaling pathway of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as the epidermal growth factor and Eph receptors. However, the physiologically relevant function of Odin needs to be further determined. In this study, we used Odin heterozygous mice to analyze the Odin expression pattern; the targeted allele contained a ${\beta}$-geo gene trap vector inserted into the 14t intron of the Odin gene. Interestingly, we found that Odin was exclusively expressed in ependymal cells along the brain ventricles. In particular, Odin was highly expressed in the subcommissural organ, a small ependymal glandular tissue. However, we did not observe any morphological abnormalities in the brain ventricles or ependymal cells of Odin null-mutant mice. We also generated BAC transgenic mice that expressed the PTB-deleted Odin (dPTB) after a floxed GFP-STOP cassette was excised by tissue-specific Cre expression. Strikingly, Odin-dPTB expression played a causative role in the development of the hydrocephalic phenotype, primarily in the midbrain. In addition, Odin-dPTB expression disrupted proper development of the subcommissural organ and interfered with ependymal cell maturation in the cerebral aqueduct. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that Odin plays a role in the differentiation of ependymal cells during early postnatal brain development.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

Human SIRT3 gene contains an intronic VNTR enhancer. A T > C transition occurring in the second repeat of each VNTR allele implies the presence/absence of a putative GATA binding motif. A partially overlapping AP-1 site, not affected by the transition, was also identified. Aims of the present study were: 1) to verify if GATA and AP-1 sites could bind GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors, respectively; 2) to investigate whether such sites modulate the enhancer activity of the SIRT3-VNTR alleles. DAPA assay proved that GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors are able to bind the corresponding sites. Moreover, co-transfection experiments showed that the over-expression of GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos factors boosts the VNTR enhancer activity in an allelic-specific way. Furthermore, we established that GATA2 and c-Jun/c-Fos act additively in modulating the SIRT3-VNTR enhancer function. Therefore, GATA2 and AP-1 are functional sites and the T > C transition of the second VNTR repeat affects their activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.529-533
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• 2001

The ${\beta}$-Amylase cDNA fragment from the oomcete Saprolegnia parasitica was cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved ${\beta}$-amylase sequences. The 5'and 3'regions of the $\beta$-amylase gene were amplified using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (rACE) system. It consisted of an open reading frame of 1,350 bp for a protein of 450 amino acids. Comparison between the genomic and cDNA sequences revealed that the intron was not present in the coding region. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ${\beta}$-amylase gene had a 97% similarity to the ${\beta}$-amylase of Saprolegnia ferax, followed by 41% similarity to those of Arabidopsis thaliana, Hordeum vulgare, and Zea mays. The ${\beta}$-amylase gene was also expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by placing it under the control of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADC1) promoter.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2002

Effects of GTP on the inhibition of self-splicing of primary transcripts of the phage T4 thymidylate synthase gene (td) by thiamine pyrophosphate and its analogs have been investigated. The order of the inhibitory efficiency for compounds tested was as follows: thiamine pyrophosphate > thiamine monophosphate > thiamine. of all compounds examined, thiamine pyrophosphate was the most potent inhibitor, Increasing GTP concentration in splicing reaction tended to overcome the suppressive effects of self-splicing by thiamine pyrophosphate and its analogs. The inhibition by thiamine pyrophosphate was most sensitized to a higher concentration of GTP, It has been speculated that the key structural features in thiamine pyrophosphate and its analogs responsible for the inhibition of splicing may be a thiamine moiety in which the phosphorylation of 2-hydroxylethyl group on 5-position of thiazolium ring rendered further stimulation of inhibition in self-splicing reaction..

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2011

Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars show a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system, like other fruit species of Rosaceae family. Thus, it is necessary to determine their S-genotypes in order for stable fruit set in commercial cultivation. S-genotypes of apricots were determined by PCR and test crosses. Three sets of consensus primers designed from Prunus S-RNases were used to amplify fragments containing the first and second S-RNase intron, respectively. Through the results obtained from the 3 PCRs, we could identify SI genotypes of 33apricot cultivars. Several cultivars such as 'Heiwa', 'Yamagata No.3' and 'Shinsuoomi' had the self-compatible (Sc) allele. Self-pollination tests revealed that cultivars with Sc allele were self-compatible. Cross-pollination tests confirmed that there was cross-incompatibility between the cultivars with the same S-genotypes. These results might be very useful for growers for effective pollination and for breeders using these in cross breeding programs.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2012

스프레이 국화품종 'Argus'와 감마선 조사에 의해 화색변이가 일어난 돌연변이체의 꽃잎으로부터 안토시아닌 생합성 경로에서 중요한 역할을 담당하는 신규 $DgF3'H$의 전장 cDNA와 genomic DNA를 분리하였다. 전장 cDNA는 1,527bp(509 아미노산)의 ORF를 포함하고 있으며, 원품종 'Argus'와 화색변이체 사이의 염기서열 상동성은 97% 이상을 나타내었다. Genomic DNA의 크기는 야생형 'Argus'에서 3,831bp이었고, 3가지 화색 변이체에서는 3,828부터 3,838bp의 크기를 나타내었다. $DgF3'H$ 유전자는 세 개의 exon사이에 두개의 intron을 갖고 있는 구조이고, 3'과 5' UTR 부분을 제외한 intron의 크기는 야생형 'Argus'에서 2,157bp이지만 3가지 화색 변이체에서는 2,155부터 2,159bp의 크기를 갖고 있었다. 이것은 감마선 조사에 의해 intron 부분의 유전자가 결실 또는 삽입된 것으로 추정된다. Southern 분석 결과 국화의 genome 내에서는 복수의 F3'H 유전자를 갖는 것이 확인되었다. $DgF3'H$ 유전자의 발현 정도를 분석한 결과, 연분홍의 'Argus'와 두 개의 보라색 변이체(AM1 and AM3)에서 높게 발현되었으나 흰색 변이체(AM2)에서는 매우 약하게 발현되었으며, 염기서열 변이에 의한 F3'H 유전자의 구조적 차이가 화색의 변이에 관련된 것으로 추정되었다. 국화 'Argus' 및 화색 변이체를 이용하여 본 연구에서 분리한 신규 F3'H 유전자의 구조 및 유전자 발현 등을 포함하는 유전정보들은 화색 변이의 유전적 기작을 밝히는데 중요한 자료로 이용될 것으로 기대되나 향후 다른 유전적 발현요소들이 국화의 F3'H 유전자의 발현에 관여하는지에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다고 하겠다.