• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

목적 : 본 논문에서는 경락을 추적하기 위한 피내(皮內) 알시안 블루(Alcian blue) 염색 방법을 기술한다. 방법 : 1% 알시안 블루 용액을 31게이지 바늘이 달린 0.5mL 인슐린 주사기를 사용하여 경혈 지점에 피내 주사한 후 실체 현미경하에서 수술, 관찰하였다. 면역조직화학적 방법을 사용하여 해당 조직을 레이저 공초점주사현미경으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : 알시안 블루로 염색되고 피하로 이어지는 실 모양 구조물을 관찰하였다. 이 조직 내에서 특징적인 막대모양 핵 배열 및 $1-2{\mu}m$크기의 데옥시리보핵산 입자가 관찰되었다. 또한 경혈 조직 내에서 풍부한 모세혈관총 및 말초신경 말단, 그리고 약 $300{\mu}m$크기의 소체형 구조물을 확인하였다. 결론 : 경혈 지점의 피내에서 발견된 특징적 실 모양 구조물 및 소체형 구조물은 각각 표층 봉한관 및 소체로 판단된다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1988

1988년 8월초부터 9월말동안 영남의료원 내과를 내원한 사람중 1304명에서 대변도말검사를 실시하였으며, 이중 443명에서는 간흡충증 피내반응검사를 하였고, 간흡충증이 의심되는 79명에 대해서는 집란법을 동시에 시행하여 간흡충증을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 간흡충 감염율은 3.8%였다. 2) 간흡충증 피내반응검사의 감수성은 82.1%(32/39명)이었고, 특이성은 64.6%(261/404명)이었다. 3) 도말검사상 음성이었으나 피내반응검사가 양성이면서 간흡충증이 의심되거나, 양 검사 모두 음성이나 말초 호산구성 세포의 증가로 간흡충증이 의심되는 사람 79명을 집란법으로 조사한 결과 79명중 16명에서 간흡충란이 발견되었다. 4) 도말검사상 음성이었으나 집란법으로 충란이 발견된 16명중 13명은 경감염이었고 3명은 중등감염된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 간흡충증이 의심되는 환자에게는 반드시 대변도말검사와 함께 피내반응검사를 실시하고 필요시 집란법으로 EPG와 EPD을 조사한 후 확진하여 치료하는 것이 바람직하리라 생각된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2015

Background Morphological changes that accompany aging, such as wrinkles and skin laxity, are particularly prominent on facial skin. Recently, facial rejuvenation using the hydrofilling effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler has been employed for improvement of skin texture. In this study, we studied rejuvenating effects of stabilized HA (Restylane Vital) through direct intradermal injections. Methods A total of 30 female patients underwent a series of procedures on face, including three sessions at intervals of four weeks. A total of 2 mL of Restylane Vital was injected along the whole face using an automatic injector. Improvement of skin surface roughness, elasticity, brightness, moisture, and fine wrinkles was evaluated. Patient satisfaction was evaluated, and pictures of patients were taken at each visit and 6 months after last treatment session. Scoring for each patient was performed by three doctors according in five subjects. Moisture, oil and elasticity were measured before the procedure and before the last treatment in 10 patients. Results The majority of patients (77%) were satisfied with the therapeutic outcomes. Approximately 66% of patients responded that the effects of this procedure persisted for longer than four months, and the majority of patients (77%) wanted to undergo this procedure again and would recommend this procedure to acquaintances. Regarding doctors' evaluation, scores for improvement of skin surface roughness, elasticity, and brightness were significantly higher than those for improvement of moisture and fine wrinkle. Conclusions Intradermal injection of HA can have a rejuvenating effect on dry and tired facial skin, especially in improvement of skin surface roughness.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2002

Experimental studies were done to research the Clinical effects of Insambakhab-tang on the Anti-allergic effect and pulmonary function of O₃ intoxicated Mice. Anti-allergic effect experiment consisted of vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine and serotonin, 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, and delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride and SRBC. Pulmonary function of O₃ intoxicated Mice experimental consisted of pulmonary thromboembolism (Sodium Arachidonate-induced and ADP-induced), lung TBA value, and serum Na/sup +/, K/sup +/, Cl/sup +/ level. The results obtained as follows; 1. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the pulmonary thromboembolism by Sodium Arachidonic acid and ADP, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 2. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamine, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 3. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on the vascular permeability responses to intradermal serotonine, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 4. In the 48hrs homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis provoked by the IgE-like antibody against egg white albumin, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 5. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to Picryl Chloride, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect. 6. Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect on decrease of the lung TBA value of lung. 7. In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on Serum Na/sup +/, K/sup +/ Level in O₃-intoxicated Mice. Insambakhab-tang group revealed none significant effect, but In the effects of Insambakhab-tang on Serum Cl/sup +/ Level in O₃-intoxicated Mice, Insambakhab-tang group revealed significant effect.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2018

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a wide-spread zoonotic disease in cattle, which is casued by Mycobacterium bovis that is a part of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). This study describes a field trial conducted in 42 herds with the history of prevalence bovine tuberculosis. Two cell-mediated immunity tests, the gamma-interferon (${\gamma}-IFN$) assay and the single intradermal tuberculin test (SIT) were applied for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in 5,289 animals. The ${\gamma}-IFN$ assay presented 144 (2.7%) head of cattle with the positive result, and 112 (2.1%) head of cattle were shown to be bTB-positive by the SIT. The positive concordance was 45.5%, and the negative concordance was 98.2%. The ${\gamma}-IFN$ assay showed more positive results in younger cattle, especially between 12 and 23 months of age. It is shown that the strategic combination of both cell-mediated immunity test methods is more efficient for the detection of bTB to reduce the number of false positive individuals which are being slaughtered.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.270-273
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• 2016

This study was undertaken to identify differences between atopic and non-atopic dogs in three rapid screening immunodot assays as well as the ability of the assays to predict the results of intradermal skin testing (IDST) or Favrot diagnostic criteria (FDC). Twenty-nine dogs diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) were selected as the atopic group. Twenty-five dogs without CAD were included as the non-atopic group. Three types of immunodot assays were conducted on all serum samples from both groups: Allercept E-screen 2nd generation (ES2G), Canine Allergic Tendency Reference Test (ALERT), and Asan Easy Test Canine IgE (AETC). IDST, which included 39 allergens, and immunodot assays were performed concurrently in 13 dogs from the atopic group and compared. While there were no significant differences in positivity between the two groups in the evaluation of ALERT (P = 0.435) and AETC (P = 0.313), positivity in ES2G testing was significantly higher in the non-atopic group than the atopic group (P = 0.038). The ES2G, ALERT, and AETC results showed fair (${\kappa}=0.235$), slight (${\kappa}=0.133$), and slight (${\kappa}=0.014$) accordance with IDST, respectively. The outcomes of ES2G, ALERT, and AETC indicated poor (${\kappa}=-0.211$), slight (${\kappa}=0.106$), and slight (${\kappa}=0.087$) agreement with FDC. In conclusion, rapid screening immunodot assays were not useful for the diagnosis of CAD. These assays may provide a supplementary method for predicting the results of IDST in atopic dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2021

Intradermal skin test (IDST) is generally considered a useful tool in identifying causal allergens in canine atopic dermatitis. Currently, multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST), an in vitro testing method for allergen-specific immunoglobulin E, is being used as an alternative method. However, there are no reports comparing the IDST and MAST results in the same dogs. This study compared the results of both tests to evaluate the agreement and correlation between them. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the MAST were 76.2%, 64%, and 66.7%, respectively. Moderate positive predicted value (PPV, 50-75%) or high sensitivity (80-100%) were identified for indoor allergens, such as cat epithelia, house dust, and house dust mites. In contrast, high negative predicted value (NPV, 93.3-100%) and specificity (60-100%) were observed for environmental allergens and fungi. Although the agreement between IDST and MAST for all allergens was fair (κ = 0.301), that for each allergen was poor (κ < 0.01), except for birch (κ = 0.158). Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed a low correlation between the MAST and IDST results (ρ = 0.308, p = 0.001). As compared to the IDST results, the MAST results did not identify the causative allergens sufficiently. IDST may not be performed for environmental allergens and fungi with high NPV and specificity if the MAST result is negative, but it may have to be performed for indoor allergens with moderate PPV and high sensitivity when the MAST result is positive.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2002

목 적 : BCG 접종 후 투베르쿨린 반응은 사용한 백신의 종류, 백신의 상태, 투여방법, 접종시 연령, 접종후 검사하기까지의 시간 등의 다양한 요인에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 최근 흉터가 작고 이상반응이 적은 경피용 BCG의 접종이 증가하고 있으나 투베르쿨린 반응 검사 및 예방 효과 등에 대한 자료가 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 개원가에서 실시한 BCG 및 투베르쿨린 반응을 평가하고 피내 BCG 백신과 경피용 BCG 백신과의 비교, 5TU PPD와 2TU PPD의 비교를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 2월부터 2001년 6월까지 세군데의 개인 소아과 의원에서 생후 1개월경 BCG 접종을 받은 후 투베르쿨린 반응을 실시한 200명의 소아를 대상으로 의무기록지를 이용한 후향성 조사를 실시하였다. 이 중 151명은 Tokyo 172주로 경피 접종하였고 49명은 피내 접종(28명:copenhagen주, 1명:French 1173P2주, 20명:미상)하였다. 경피 접종한 151명 중 129명(64.5%)은 2TU, 22명(11%)은 5TU PPD를 사용하였고 피내 접종한 49명 중 35명(17.5%)은 2TU, 14명(7%)은 5TU PPD를 사용하였다. 결 과 : 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 경결의 크기(양성률)는 $9.2{\pm}4.4mm$(86.8%), $12.4{\pm}3.5mm$(95.5%)로 5TU PPD로 검사한 경우가 2TU PPD로 검사한 경우보다 통계적으로 유의하게 더 크게 나타났다(P=0.02). 피내용 BCG 접종군에서 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 경결의 크기(양성률)는 각각 $5.7{\pm}5.1mm$(60%), $6.6{\pm}4.8mm$(71.4%)로 두 값 사이에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P=0.569). 2TU PPD에 대한 반응은 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결 크기(양성률)가 $9.2{\pm}4.4mm$(86.8%), 피내용 BCG 접종군에서는 $5.7{\pm}5.1mm$(60%)로 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결크기가 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(P<0.001). 5TU PPD에 대한 반응은 경피용 BCG 접종군에서의 경결크기(양성률)는 $12.4{\pm}3.5mm$(95.5%), 피내용 BCG 접종군에서는 $6.6{\pm}4.8mm$(71.4%)로 역시 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 경결크기가 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(P<0.001). 결 론 : 경피용 BCG(Tokyo 172균주) 접종군의 2TU PPD와 5TU PPD에 대한 반응은 피내용 BCG 접종군에 비해 경결의 크기가 유의하게 컸고, 경피용 BCG 접종군에서 5TU PPD의 경결 크기가 2TU PPD에 비해 유의하게 크게 나타났으므로 경피용 BCG 환아들에게서의 결핵 반응 검사 결과 판독의 새로운 기준이 수립되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 1986

In order to obtain the most specific and sensitive antigen from crude antigens of Fasciola hepatica for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), phosphate buffered saline extract of F. hepatica was prepared. The crude extract was fractionated into 7 antigens using sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Seven fractionated antigens were applied to ELISA, precipitation test and intradermal test, respectively. Results obtained are as follows: 1. The specificity (95% confidence interval in negative sera of bovine fascioliasis; Mean+$2{\times}SD$ of absorbence) of the first (MW>150,000) and the second antigens(MW 120,000) were 93.7%, but those of others including crude antigen showed 100%. 2. The sensitivity(positive sera of bovine fascioliasis having higher values with compared to the criterion) of the first, the sixth (MW 16,000) and the seventh antigen (MW<5,000) were 91.6%, 87.5% and 0%, respectively, but those of others showed all 100%. 3. The absorbance by ELISA using the fifth antigen (MW 26,000) was 8. 43-folds higher in the positive sera than that in the negative sera. This could be used as one of the most specific antigens for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis. 4. In Ouchterlony test, precipitin lines were not found in the sera naturally infected with F. hepatica, but some were found in the sera of rabbits immunized with the crude antigens. The numbers of precipitin lines in the sera of rabbits were different in the different fractionated antigens. They were 6 in the crude, 2 in the second and the third antigens, 1 in the fourth, the fifth and the sixth antigens and absent in the seventh antigen, respectively. 5. The wheal size for bovine infected with F. hepatica was $2.46{\pm}0.15cm$ in the intradermal test antigen(saline extract of F. hepatica) supplied by the Veterinary Research Institute, Rural Development Administration, Korea. The wheal size of the first, the second and the third antigens were larger than that. of intradermal test antigen, whereas those of the fouth, the fifth, the sixth and the seventh antigens showed smaller than that of the intradermal test antigen. The results suggest that the fifth antigen may be specific antigen for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1993

Experimental studies were done to research the clinical effect of Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang on the Anti-allergie effect in rats and mice. The results obtained as follows: 1. (1) In the effects of Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang on vascular permeability responses to intradermal histamin in rats, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang revealed significant effect. (2) In the effects of Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang on vascular permeability responses to intradermal serotonin in rats, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) revealed significant effect. 2. In the 48 hour homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats provoked by the Ig E-like antibody against egg albumin, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang revealed significant effect. 3. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to picryl chloride in mice, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) revealed significant effect. 4. In the delayed type hypersensitivity responses to SRBC(Sheep Red Blood cell) in mice, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang revealed significant effect. According to above-stated results, Woohwangporhyonghwan(minus REALGAR and CINNABARIS) and Saengnyosamultang were concluded to be effective as anti-allergic regimen and recommended to be used for treatment of allergic diseases.