• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.801-809
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to assess the additional neutron effective dose during passive scattering proton therapy. Monte Carlo code (Monte Carlo N-Particle 6) simulation was conducted based on a precise modeling of the National Cancer Center's proton therapy facility. A three-dimensional neutron effective dose profile of the interior of the treatment room was acquired via a computer simulation of the 217.8-MeV proton beam. Measurements were taken with a $^3He$ neutron detector to support the simulation results, which were lower than the simulation results by 16% on average. The secondary photon dose was about 0.8% of the neutron dose. The dominant neutron source was deduced based on flux calculation. The secondary neutron effective dose per proton absorbed dose ranged from $4.942{\pm}0.031mSv/Gy$ at the end of the field to $0.324{\pm}0.006mSv/Gy$ at 150 cm in axial distance.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.531-537
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• 2011

This paper proposes a finite element method (FEM)-based model of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) type BLDC motor having stator inter-turn faults. For more realistic simulation studies, the magnetic non-linearity is also considered in proposed model. And the simulation data are verified through experiment. By integrating the developed model with a current-controlled voltage source inverter (CCVSI) model, the characteristics of an inter-turn fault operated by six-switched inverter are investigated considering the speed control. And the circulating current, which is induced by magnetic linkage flux originated from PM, was analyzed from the view point of distortion of air-gap magnetic flux distribution caused deterioration of their torque.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.29-39
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• 2017

The building skins are important architectural elements in both functional and aesthetical aspects. This study focuses on developing a responsive facade with autonomous opening and closing behaviors in accordance with environmental conditions and user requirements for natural ventilation for the office building. The pneumatic ETFE panels are applied as the skin materials taking advantage of the efficiency of the inflatable skin of lightness, architectural performance and sustainable material properties. The biomimetic design methodology is taken for its innovative and visionary concept for the facade design. The interpretation of the building facade in analogy to natural organisms delivers functional and aesthetic characters. By exploring the structural movements of the plant pores, the facade control is developed to be autonomous by the parameter values. The facade opening and closing configurations are derived through parametric modeling and visualization programming. Through the application of this study, expected results are to improve user comfort and energy efficiency.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.100-111
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• 2010

'Pattern' is the term that is frequently used in the aspects of history, society, and science. It always appears in the remains or relics of the age of civilization when recording was started, and its evaluation and value differ by time. Patterns in the ancient civilization were symbolic, social, and spatially crucial. However, after the modernization, they were considered to be immoral and unnecessary, so the range of their significance came to reduce. Due to the development of science, ornament patterns lost the limitation of its range of use along with new interpretation of them. Especially with the advent of new scientific theories such as the evolution theory from the biological aspect, quantum mechanics, and super string theory, morphological possibilities more than the human scale perceived by men came to be discovered. Living organisms maintain their lives through patterns, structures, and processes in order to produce a system alive. Among them, patterns are the organization of relations determining the characteristics of the system. The present patterns may correspond to this meaning. The pattern in a space is the matter of how to relate the components after all. In a space, however, there are numerous components mingled with one another. If these tasks are conducted as analogue work, it will take a lot of time and effort. However, if digital media are utilized to perform the tasks like analysis, generation, or fabrication, it will produce a result with higher precision and efficiency. In this sense, parametric modeling is quite useful media. Opening morphological variation, it realizes more possibilities, connects conveniently the relations between complex components composing a space, and helps produce creative patterns.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.181-186
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• 1997

If you compare recent works in small commercial places along with the terms such as Post-Modernism, Late-Modernism, and Dismantling, to those of 60's and 70's, you will discover for sure that recent works try to model individually with 'surface'. Expressing the responses to the multilateral cultural desires is available through the organization of surface, so are the re-presentationsof classic notions by adding decorations to the vertical walls, which are different from modern constructions that have persisted on only space itself as a main point. These trends are various organizing techniques with forms, decorations, materials, color etc. and made the surface modeling develop. What a 'surface element' means as a concrete notion in a design process in a commercial place is enormous. So, it implies lots of notions and logic, and can be a strong message-conveying means as well as an expressional language. At this point of view, the research was limited to Facade, which is treated as a creational object to a designer all the time in order to study what kind of system the surface organization has in a small commercial place. This is to find out what kind of system the designer uses to make the spatial images, orders and forms through surface, but ultimately it is to discover the designer's basic tecniques that he or she uses when planning. To sum up, we have studied the meanings of the composition and the changes of the organization of Facade to analyze the organizing techniques in Pasad in a small commercial construction which designers planned as material. We have also investigated the organizing techniques of surface by examining and analyzing the elements of Facade organizing techniques, i.e. its form, decoration, material, pattern and color.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.335-343
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• 2015

This paper describes a quantitative approach to the BIM-enabled assessment of building circulation by using quantitative data and applying its weight. Assessment of building circulation plays an important role before construction stage because of related requirements regulated by design guide, building codes, etc. and design decision making as well. In this paper, Qualitative issue is mainly dealt with that are usually excluded from rule checking objects due to their implicit definition such as 'comfortable circulation'. A weighting framework is suggested using weighted data of circulation properties such as 1) metric distance, 2) number of passing spaces, 3) number of turning spaces, 4) window area of passing space, etc.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

This paper aims to review and discuss a graph-based approach for the representation and analysis of building circulation using BIM models. To propose this approach, the authors survey diverse researches and developments which are related to building circulation issues such as circulation requirements in Korea Building Act, spatial network analysis, as well as BIM applications. As the basis of this paper, UCN (Universal Circulation Network) is the main reference of the research, and the major goal of this paper is to extend the coverage of UCN with additional features we examined in the survey. In this paper we restructured two major perspectives on top of UCN: 1) finding major factors of graph-based circulation analysis based on UCN and 2) restructuring the UCN approach and others for adjusting to Korean Building Act. As a result of the further studies in this paper, two major additions have demonstrated in the article: 1) the most remote point-based circulation representation, and 2) virtual space-based circulation analysis.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.127-146
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• 2020

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly used throughout the facility's life cycle for various applications, such as design, construction, facility management, and maintenance. For existing buildings, the geometry of as-built BIM is often constructed using dense, three dimensional (3D) point clouds data obtained with laser scanners. Traditionally, as-built BIM systems do not contain the material and textural information of the buildings' elements. This paper presents a semi-automatic method for generation of material and texture rich as-built BIM. The method captures and integrates material and textural information of building elements into as-built BIM using thermal infrared sensing (TIS). The proposed method uses TIS to capture thermal images of the interior walls of an existing building. These images are then processed to extract the interior walls using a segmentation algorithm. The digital numbers in the resulted images are then transformed into radiance values that represent the emitted thermal infrared radiation. Machine learning techniques are then applied to build a correlation between the radiance values and the material type in each image. The radiance values were used to extract textural information from the images. The extracted textural and material information are then robustly integrated into the as-built BIM providing the data needed for the assessment of building conditions in general including energy efficiency, among others.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

The importance of the digital architecture is increasing more ever. Currently, CAD and 3D programs are used as design fields, but the BIM (building information modeling) is gradually interested. BIM is mandatory on the project more than 50 billion won ordered by the government since 2012, it will be expanded to a total of government orders by 2016. University needs to evaluate teaching methods and computer-aided design environments such as CAD and BIM. In this paper, we surveyed computer-aided design environments and teaching methods for 73 students at the J University of Department of architectural engineering. Main results are as follows: 1. Hardlock is uncomfortable but necessary program for the computer management. 2. The desk placement considering the behavior of the design students results in higher satisfaction. 3. Because a CAD subject was a difficult course content and progress is fast, students thought it is difficult to follow. Especially, first-year students answered it is difficult to learn program and understand the structure of the building at the same time. 4. First-year students want to learn CAD more. Second-, third-, fourth-year students want to learn Photoshop more. Supplement for these classes is required. 5. Students answered that a teaching method of a CAD subject would be good to their own practice after the professor demonstrates for students. The senior's assistance is also a high effective way in the class. 6. During class, students' activities such surfing the web and Kakao Talk on a smartphone disrupt the class, there is a need to regulate by a rule such as disconnect computers from a network and against using smartphone. Although the Internet with the popularization of smartphones confers a benefit on modern life, it causes damage to us. This is a hard part for a salaried workers as well as students studying equally. The self management is required and a professor needs to control and restraint in a university classroom. The professor's continuing interest to students can increase the effectiveness of learning.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

The recent advances in digital technology allow the use of BIM for integratively managing various information pertaining to an architectural structure. This can be the suitable tool for effectively utilizing the various requests of both the users and the administrators from the planning phase. In particular, planning and constructing a school facility can be challenging because it is an important learning facility where the students are required follow a set schedule. Accommodating to the various needs and requests of the users and the other related parties in the progress can be very difficult. Therefore, in order to use the BIM with the basis of data to manage the lifetime of the school facility, it is necessary to develop the specialized BIM process customized to the school facilities. Using this as the base, the BIM process specifically for school facilities should be phased in, applied, and expanded. The objective of this study is to define the scope of application and to plan for the efficient utilization of the BIM process specialized for school facilities, when conducting the project from planning phase to design development phase through the series of processes. Unlike the presently used enhancement of the visible minute details of the models, the methods to enhance the quality of information contained inside the model will be proposed. Also, the user will participate in the school facility construction. The realistic BIM application is aimed through the research for the processes for building models that will be utilized for construction and management.