• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.183-190
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• 2012

Mobile web applications are different from desktop web applications because of their small screen size and small user input devices. Therefore user interface designers have spent their effort and time to re-design the user interface of mobile web applications to meet these differences. In this paper, we introduce five user interface patterns for mobile web applications to reduce their effort and time. Two of them are for utilizing small screen size efficiently, and they are space overloading pattern and data filtering pattern. These patterns enable designers to reduce screen usage. The other three patterns - data suggestion pattern, input reuse pattern, and incremental data input pattern - are for helping users' data input on mobile devices. These three patterns enable users to reduce direct data input. Our work will help user interface designers develop mobile web interface to utilize screen space efficiently and get data with less errors and less efforts from users.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.32-39
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• 2009

Most mobile devices provide limited input interfaces in order to maximize the mobility and the portability. In this paper, the author proposes a small cubic-shaped tangible input interface which tracks the location, the direction, and the velocity using MEMS sensor technology to overcome the physical limitations of the poor input devices in mobile computing environments. As the preliminary phase for implementing the proposed tangible input interface, the prototype design and implementation methods are described in this paper. Various experiments such as menu manipulation, 3-dimensional contents control, and sensor data visualization have been performed in order to verify the validity of the proposed interface. The proposed tangible device enables direct and intuitive manipulation. It is obvious that the mobile computing will be more widespread and various kinds of new contents will emerge in near future. The proposed interface can be successfully employed for the new contents services that cannot be easily implemented because of the limitation of current input devices. It is also obvious that this kind of interface will be a critical component for future mobile communication environments. The proposed tangible interface will be further improved to be applied to various contents manipulation including 2D/3D games.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2011

Owing to the spread of smart devices using touch screen, the Korean language (Hangul) input methods have been varied. In this paper, we have researched and analyzed for finding the best input way of Hangul, which is appropriate to smart devices. By using automata theory, we have suggested easy and efficient automata. The automata, which we suggested, can be used in a Hangul input of gesture type.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.9
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• pp.1493-1496
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• 2016

This paper proposes a system for reducing the standby power consumption in using the consumer electronic devices such as a television, a home theater, a set-top box, or a DVD player. The system is consisted of a flyback converter, monitoring circuits, a relay and a micro-processor. The proposed system can reduce the standby power consumption by disconnecting the AC input and the consumer devices can be turned on with a remote control. The proposed standby power system consumes the low power to receive the infrared signal from the remote controller. Furthermore, a electronic double layer capacitor is used to store the energy with high efficiency. The proposed power system can operate the 플라이백 converter to charge the electronic double layer capacitor and connect the AC input to the consumer electronic devices. The proposed power circuit can reduce the standby power consumption in AV devices without increasing the cost. The prototype is implemented to verify the system with the commercialized products.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1167-1172
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• 2017

Desktop computers, which were the main means of Internet use and information activity, were pushed out by smart devices that emphasized mobility and simplicity. The recent information production and consumption activities are performed through smart devices, but there is no input device for smart devices that can fully replace traditional input devices such as full-size PC compatible keyboards. Because of the small size of the virtual keyboard that uses the touch screen of the smart device, typographical error occurs at a high rate. In this paper, we propose a variable virtual keyboard that minimizes the typographical errors of the conventional virtual keyboards. The proposed method minimizes the user 's input error by adjusting the size of each key of the virtual keyboard based on accumulated dataset of position and pressure of the user' s input error even though there is no difference in the key position arrangement of the conventional virtual keyboards.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Pen-based interaction is universally available on smart devices and especially on Tablet PCs. Previous studies compared various input methods like fingers, a mouse or a stylus pen on PCs or on a touchscreen based devices such as smart phones. At the same time, various soft keyboard applications are being developed on application stores of smart devices. However, these previous studies did not suggest which one is a suitable keyboard application for Tablet PCs when users perform a certain interaction as input type. In this study, we compared two types of input methods (finger and pen) and three types of soft keyboard applications (QWERTY, Gesture and Swype) in a Tablet PC using performance measurements (accuracy and input speed) and discussed what types of applications showed better performance with each interaction on tablet PC. From these results, recommendations for the keyboard types depending on the input methods on tablet PCs were developed.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2009

For two input ESD protection schemes utilizing the NMOS protection device or the lvtr_thyristor protection device, which is suitable for high-frequency CMOS ICs, we attempt an in-depth comparison study on the HBM ESD protection level in terms of lattice heating inside the protection devices and the peak voltage applied to the gate oxides in the input buffer through DC, mixed-mode transient, and AC analyses utilizing the 2-dimensional device simulator. For this purpose, we suggest a method for the equivalent circuit modeling of the input HBM test environment for the CMOS chip equipped with the input ESD protection circuit. And by executing mixed-mode simulations including up to four protection devices and analyzing the results for five different test modes, we attempt a detailed analysis on the problems which can be occurred in a real HBM test. In this procedure, we explain about the strength and weakness of the two protection schemes as an input protection circuit for high-frequency ICs, and suggest guidelines relating to the design of the protection devices.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.75-87
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• 2010

For two input-protection schemes suitable for RF ICs utilizing the thyristor and diode protection devices, which can be fabricated in standard CMOS processes, we attempt an in-depth comparison on HBM ESD robustness in terms of lattice heating inside protection devices and peak voltages developed across gate oxides in input buffers, based on DC, mixed-mode transient, and AC analyses utilizing a 2-dimensional device simulator. For this purpose, we construct an equivalent circuit for an input HBM test environment of a CMOS chip equipped with the input ESD protection circuits, which allows mixed-mode transient simulations for various HBM test modes. By executing mixed-mode simulations including up to six active protection devices in a circuit, we attempt a detailed analysis on the problems, which can occur in real tests. In the procedure, we suggest to a recipe to ease the bipolar trigger in the protection devices and figure out that oxide failure in internal circuits is determined by the junction breakdown voltage of the NMOS structure residing in the protection devices. We explain the characteristic differences of two protection schemes as an input ESD protection circuit for RF ICs, and suggest valuable guidelines relating design of the protection devices and circuits.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2019

Maximizing energy efficiency minimizes the energy consumption of computation, storage and communications required for IT services, resulting in economic and environmental benefits. Recent advancement of flash and next generation non-volatile memory technology and price decrease of those memories have led to the rise of so-called AFA (All-Flash Array) storage devices made of flash or next generation non-volatile memory. Currently, the AFA devices are rapidly replacing traditional storages in the high-performance servers due to their fast input/output characteristics. However, it is not well known how effective the energy efficiency of the AFA devices in the real world. This paper shows input/output performance and power consumption of the AFA devices measured on the Linux XFS file system via experiments and discusses energy efficiency of the AFA devices in the real world.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.167-181
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• 1995

We develop an analytical model to estimate the time a workpiece spends in both input and output queues in trip-based material handling systems. The waiting times in the input queues are approximated by M/G/1 queueing system and the waiting times in the output queues are estimated using the method discussed in Bozer, Cho, and Srinivasan [2]. The analytical results are tested via simulation experiment. The result indicates that the analytical model estimates the expected waiting times in both the input and output queues fairly accurately. Furthermore, we observe that a workpiece spends more time waiting for a processor than waiting for a device even if the processors and the devices are equally utilized. It is also noted that the expected waiting time in the output queue with fewer faster devices is shorter than that obtained with multiple slower devices.