• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2013

환경 친화적 에너지로 고려되는 LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas)는 그 수요량이 계속 증가하고 있으며, 이에 따라 LNG를 저장하는 LNG저장탱크에 관한 다양한 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 실제 LNG저장탱크의 지진력 산정시 구조물과 지반의 상호작용을 구현하기 위해서는 내부탱크, 외부탱크, 파일 그리고 지반을 함께 모델링하여 유한요소해석을 수행하여야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 EN 1998-4(European Standard)에 채택되어 있는 Malhotra 방법을 적용하여 세 가지의 내부탱크 모델에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 이를 수계산 결과와 비교 분석함으로써 EN코드에 가장 적합한 내부탱크 모델을 구축하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 $9\%$ 니켈강재로 제작된 완전 방호식 내부탱크 구조물의 설계 안전성 문제를 유한요소법으로 해석하고자 한다. 내부탱크 구조물에 대한 수치적 해석결과에 의하면 내부탱크에 부착된 톱가더와 스티프너는 내부탱크의 변형율과 응력을 제어하는 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 내부탱크에 작용하는 여러 하중에서 초저온 액체에 의한 유체정압은 $-162^{\circ}C$의 초저온 온도하중보다 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러나, 내부탱크에 작용하는 자중량 좌굴하중에 의한 영향은 내부탱크 구조물이 충분한 강도로 이미 설계되어 있으므로 대단히 자게 나타났지만, 특히 톱가더나 스티프너의 역할은 미미한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1543-1548
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 대용량 액화천연가스(LNG 즉 Liquefied Natural Gas) 저장탱크의 앵커스트랩(anchor strap)의 설계를 위한 구조해석이 수행되었다. 본 논문에 고려된 LNG 저장탱크는 반경이 40m 의 완전방호식 저장탱크로 크게 외조와 내조로 구성되고, 둘 사이의 공간은 단열재인 블랑켓과 펄라이트로 채워져있다. 앵커스트랩은 내조, 외조 및 코너프로텍션과 연결되어 있어 지진하중에 의한 내조의 파손을 방지하는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 앵커스트랩만 고려한 단일모델과 실제 형상을 고려하여 앵커스트랩, 내조, 외조 및 코너프로텍션을 동시에 고려한 확장모델에 대해서 각각 유한요소해석을 수행하여 비교, 분석하였다. 하중조건으로는 LNG 의 유출상태 및 지진하중을 고려한 다섯 가지 경우를 고려하였고, 각 하중조건에 대한 두 모델의 Tresca 응력분포를 구하여 설계기준과 비교해 보았다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.115-120
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• 2003

Several methodologies were devised to reasonably predict the temperature boundary conditions of inner face of the concrete outer tank so as to set up heat transfer analysis model of the full containment above-ground LNG storage tank. In this model, outer tank is solely taken into account and the beneficial effect of suspended deck and insulation layers on the temperature distribution of outer tank is separately formulated according to the proposed procedures. More effective design of the insulations can be achieved when the proposed simple schemes are used in the preliminary stage.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.114-125
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• 2017

This paper addresses a study of inner-tank sloshing effect on motion responses of a Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) system, through experimental analysis and numerical modeling. To investigate hydrodynamic characteristics of FLNG under the conditions of with and without LNG-tank sloshing, a series of numerical simulations were carried out using potential flow solver SESAM. To validate the numerical simulations, model tests on the FLNG system was conducted in both liquid and solid ballast conditions with 75% tank filling level in height. Good correlations were observed between the measured and predicted results, proving the feasibility of the numerical modeling technique. On the verified numerical model, Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) of the FLNG with 25% and 50% tank filling levels were calculated in six degrees of freedom. The influence of tank sloshing with varying tank filling levels on the RAOs has been presented and analyzed. The results showed that LNG-tank sloshing has a noticeable impact on the roll motion response of the FLNG and a moderate tank filling level is less helpful in reducing the roll motion response.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2017

Since sloshing effects influences ship motions including floater's natural frequencies. The significant factors changing ship motions are inner liquid impact loads and inertia forces and moments with respect to its filling ratio. This means that changing sloshing loads with sloshing effects reduction device (SERD) may control ship motions. In this regard, conceptual model for adjustable SERD was suggested by authors and then implanted into fully coupled program between vessel motion and sloshing. By changing clearances of baffles in the inner tank which were component of SERD, then the roll RAOs from each case were obtained. It is revealed that using well-controlled SERD can maintain natural frequencies of floater even inner tank has different filling ratio.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2015

A variety of inner baffles are often installed to reduce liquid sloshing and prevent tank damage. In particular, a porous baffle has a distinct advantage in reducing sloshing by changing the natural periods and dissipating the wave energy in a tank. In model tests, porous baffles with five different porosities were installed vertically in a liquid tank under sway motion. The free surface elevations and pressures were measured using an image processing technique and a pressure gage for various combinations of baffle's porosity and submergence depth, and tank's amplitude and period. The experimental results were in good agreement with the analytic solutions (Cho, 2015), with the exception of a quantitative difference at resonant periods. The experimental results showed that the sloshing characteristics in a tank were closely dependent on both the porosity and submergence depth of the baffle, and the optimal porosity existed near P = 0.1275.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

사용 압력 범위에서 고압 수소 탱크의 내구성을 검증하기 위해서는 수압 파열 시험이 수행되어야 한다. 그런데 물의 초기 주입 과정에서 물과 공기의 상호작용에 의해 생성된 기포가 탱크 내벽에 부착되어 잔류할 경우, 가압된 탱크가 파열되는 과정에서 기포의 급격한 압력 변화로 인해 큰 충격과 소음이 유발된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 단순화된 수식을 통하여 탱크 내벽에 잔류하는 기포를 제거하기 위해 필요한 유속을 예측하였으며, 수소 버스용수소 용기 형상을 기준으로 해당 유속을 유지하기 위한 주입 노즐의 형상을 결정하였다. 또한 입구 압력에 따른 유속 변화를 예측하기 위하여 수치 해석 모델의 개발이 수행되었고, 예측 결과의 타당성을 입증하기 위하여 모형 제작을 통한 실험이 수행되었다. 실험 결과, 탱크 벽면 근처의 유속은 해석모델 예측 값과 유사하게 나타났으며, 입구 압력이 1.5 ~ 5.5 bar 일 경우 제거 가능한 기포의 최소 크기는 약 2.2 ~ 4.6 mm로 예측되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.445-466
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• 2007

As the LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) tank contains cryogenic liquid, realistic thermal analyses are of a primary importance for a successful design. The structural details of the LNG tank are so complicated that some strategies are necessary to reasonably predict its temperature distribution. The proposed heat transfer model can consider the beneficial effects of insulation layers and a suspended deck on temperature distribution of the outer concrete tank against cryogenic conditions simply by the boundary conditions of the outer tank model. To this aim, the equilibrium condition or heat balance in a steady state is utilized in a various way, and some aspects of heat transfer via conduction, convection and radiation are implemented as necessary. Overall thermal analysis procedures for the LNG tank are revisited to examine some unjustifiable assumptions of conventional analyses. Concrete and insulation properties under cryogenic condition and a reasonable conversion procedure of the temperature-induced nonlinear stress into the section forces are discussed. Numerical examples are presented to verify the proposed schemes in predicting the actual temperature and stress distributions of the tank as affected by the cryogenic LNG for the cases of normal operation and leakage from the inner steel tank. It is expected that the proposed schemes enable a designer to readily detect the effects of insulation layers and a suspended deck and, therefore, can be employed as a useful and consistent tool to evaluate the thermal effect in a design stage of an LNG tank as well as in a detailed analysis.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2018

With the recent strengthening of environmental regulations and the need for cost reduction, excavators, a type of construction equipment, are being miniaturized while components are being developed in consideration of stability. In the case of excavator press parts, mainly high-strength steel sheets are being used to enhance stability and reduce weight. However, in the case of high-strength materials, there is a need to research product forming methods to reduce Springback in defects arising in parts assembly due to Springback that result from the internal residual stress that occurs in press forming being released after product forming. Accordingly, regarding the tank cover, an excavator press-forming part, this study selected a method to reduce distortion through analysis of the Springback occurrence rate and Springback causes through a forming analysis. A forming analysis was conducted for the Springback of the tank cover. Deformations of 13.714 mm in the upper part and 6.244 mm in the inner part of the product occurred, while wrinkles occurred on the sides of the product due to uneven thickness. A forming analysis was conducted for the major shapes of the product to investigate the causes of Springback. Distortion deformation due to the bead in the center of the product was confirmed to be a large factor. A Springback reduction method of correcting uneven thickness in the product sides, a Springback reduction method of removing the bead, and a correction method of restriking after the final forming were used in a forming analysis to determine the degree of Springback reduction. For the forming method to correct uneven thickness in the sides, deformation was reduced by 12% in the upper side compared to the existing model, but deformation in the inner side increased by 1%. For the restriking forming method, deformation decreased by 25% in the upper side and 13% in the inner side. For the bead removal method, deformation decreased by 28% in the upper side and 13% in the inner side, the largest Springback correction results. This indicates that the bead has a large affect on Springback.