• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.663-673
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• 2014

The WBAN technology means a short distance wireless network which provides each device interactive communication by connecting devices inside and outside of body. Standardization on the physical layer, data link layer, network layer and application layer is in progress by IEEE 802.15.6 TG BAN. Wireless body area network is usually configured in energy efficient using sensor and zigbee device due to the power limitation and the characteristics of human body. Wireless sensor network consist of sensor field and sink node. Sensor field are composed a lot of sensor node and sink node collect sensing data. Wireless sensor network has capacity of the self constitution by protocol where placed in large area without fixed position. In this paper, we proposed the efficient addressing scheme for improving the performance of routing algorithm by using ZigBee in WBAN environment. A distributed address allocation scheme used an existing algorithm that has wasted in address space. Therefore proposing x, y and z coordinate axes from divided address space of 16 bit to solve this problems. Each node was reduced not only bitwise but also multi hop using the coordinate axes while routing than Cskip algorithm. I compared the performance between the standard and the proposed mechanism through the numerical analysis. Simulation verified performance about decrease averaging multi hop count that compare proposing algorithm and another. The numerical analysis results show that proposed algorithm reduced the multi hop better than ZigBee distributed address assignment

• Strategy21
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• s.46
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• pp.205-238
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• 2020

The origin of mission command can be traced to the era of the Prussian military reforms led by General Gerhard von Scharnhorst after defeats in battle of Jena and Auerstadt in 1806 against Napoleon I. Mission Command is the conduct of military operations through decentralized execution based upon mission-type orders. Commanders issue mission-type orders focused on the purpose of the operation rather than details of how to perform assigned tasks. The mission command has become the command philosophy of the German military and recently many countries in the west accept it as a command philosophy. This study compare and analyze the Battle of St. Vincent and the Battle of Jutland to make sure if the army-initiated mission commands were also useful for the navy. From the late 18th century, represented by the era of Nelson, Royal navy changed from the inherited rigid command culture to guaranteeing the disciplined initiative of its subordinate commanders. In the Battle of St. Vincent in 1797, Nelson acted contrary to the commander's orders at the crucial moment, which gave Britain a decisive victory. On the contrary more than 100 years later, the command culture of the Royal navy changed into a centralized command culture. In the Battle of Jutland in 1916, Royal Navy couldn't win because the rigid command culture did not guarantee initiative of subordinate commanders and subordinate commander's passive attitude of waiting for the commander's instructions even at critical moments. Therefore, a mission command that guarantees the initiative of subordinate commanders is a useful concept even in the navy because it makes subordinate commanders to take full advantage of a sudden change in battle. Today's advanced information and communication technologies have raised questions about mission command. But even advanced technology can't completely eliminate the fundamental nature of the war-the fog of war. War is chaotic and unpredictable. In the flood of lots of informations, senior commander's judgement is not always right because he(she) is also human, he(she) can make mistakes. In the age of informatization, mission command is still effective because it involves increasing interaction and synergy between senior and subordinate commanders by ensuring their independence. Therefore ROK navy also needs to activate mission command. ROK navy must dismantle the zero-defect mentality and apply from educations as Prussian did to establish a mission command culture.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.219-230
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• 2017

General-Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) build massively parallel architecture and apply multithreading technology to explore parallelism. By using programming models like CUDA, and OpenCL, GPGPUs are becoming the best in exploiting plentiful thread-level parallelism caused by parallel applications. Unfortunately, modern GPGPU cannot efficiently utilize its available hardware resources for numerous general-purpose applications. One of the primary reasons is the inefficiency of existing warp/thread block schedulers in hiding long latency instructions, resulting in lost opportunity to improve the performance. This paper studies the effects of hardware thread scheduling policy on GPGPU performance. We propose a novel warp scheduling policy that can alleviate the drawbacks of the traditional round-robin policy. The proposed warp scheduler first classifies the warps of a thread block into two groups, warps with long latency and warps with short latency and then schedules the warps with long latency before the warps with short latency. Furthermore, to support the proposed warp scheduler, we also propose a supplemental technique that can dynamically reduce the number of streaming multiprocessors to which will be assigned thread blocks when encountering a high contention degree at the memory and interconnection network. Based on our experiments on a 15-streaming multiprocessor GPGPU platform, the proposed warp scheduling policy provides an average IPC improvement of 7.5% over the baseline round-robin warp scheduling policy. This paper also shows that the GPGPU performance can be improved by approximately 8.9% on average when the two proposed techniques are combined.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.46
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

The practical learning requires the new paradigm in its content of education and environment along with the rapid development of information communication technology and the expansion of digital content industry. Especially, the animation education, core area of digital content industry, has attempted to improve the content and method of education by focusing on creativity, convergence and practical education. However, education environment in the previous form of computer laboratory has not been reflected the characteristics of animation education. In the light of this, this research would suggests the effective education environment implemented animation job competency and the characteristics of animation production. Firstly, the problem of previous educational environment will be explored through looking at computer rooms of domestic Universities. The characteristics of animation production consisted of Pre-production, Main-production, Post-production and elements of animation job competency will be reviewed by focusing on three phases of production, Pre-production, Main-production and Post-production, and six particular jobs, concept art, modeling & texturing, animating, lighting, VFX and compositing. Secondly, 6 types of space adapted from space syntax, possibly explored the embedded meaning of the structure of space and environment, will be reviewed by focusing on integration, separation and interaction. Thirdly, based on the characteristics of animation production, the element of animation job competency, 6 types of space, analytical tools about animation project education will be deducted, and the case study regarding animation studio, Walt Disney studio, will be processed by focusing on its production environment and spatial composition by focusing on Pre-production, Main-production, Post-production. Fifthly, the effective spatial composition for animation project education will be explored based on the interpretation of literature reviews and case study. In regard to this, the research addresses the spatial composition reflected the characteristics of practical learning and job competency in animation education, which differs from the previous form of standardized education spaces.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.65-76
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• 2017

Purpose - The quality of customer service has been importantly considered as a way of retaining current customers. Recent development of service industry which based on Information & Communication Technology allows firms to utilize different employees for their businesses. Although it is regarded as important to consider emotional labor of employees working for customers in ICT service industry, little was known the role of emotional dissonance. Thus, current paper focused on emotional labor and tried to identify the factors which influence on employees' intrinsic motivation for married women working in call centers. This study highlighted the influence of the emotional dissonance on the employees' intrinsic motivation, and the moderating influences of work-family conflict on the relationship between emotional dissonance and intrinsic motivation. Research design, data, and methodology - The research samples were gathered from seven call centers of Korean financial institutions located in South Korea. The model of emotional dissonance was developed, which emphasizes the influence of emotional dissonance as a predictor on intrinsic motivation, and then the other model was also introduced to explain how employees' intrinsic motivation were aggravated by work-family conflict. To examine these research models, samples were collected from 468 married women working in call centers of Korean financial institutions located in Seoul. A total of 468 samples were used in the analysis after deleting data of missing value. SPSS 22.0 were utilized for data analysis. Results - The results of current study showed that emotional dissonance is negatively related to intrinsic motivation, and there are significant differences in work-family conflict. Those results generally support the proposed hypotheses. Conclusions - These results suggest that the relationship of intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center for customers' service were influenced by emotional dissonance, which outcomes were interacted not by face-to-face contact with their customers, but by emotional contacts. Managerially, these findings suggest the one who emphasize the quality of customer's service of call center need to introduce the programs for minimizing both of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict. These findings also suggest that the service quality via intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center is hard to be accomplished without considering the factors of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.33-40
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• 2020

This work tackles the problem of conventional reinforcement learning scheme which has a relatively long training time to reduce energy consumption in underwater network. The enhanced scheme adjusts the learning range of reinforcement learning based on distance estimation. It can be reduce the scope of learning. To take account the fact that the distance estimation may not be accurate due to the underwater wireless network characteristics. this research added noise in consideration of the underwater environment. In simulation result, the proposed AQ-NAV scheme has completed learning much faster than existing method. AQ-NAV can finish the training process within less than 40 episodes. But the existing method requires more than 120 episodes. The result show that learning is possible with fewer attempts than the previous one. If AQ-NAV will be applied in Underwater Networks, It will affect energy efficiency. and It will be expected to relieved existing problem and increase network efficiency.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.455-463
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• 2001

In this Paper, an approximate processing method is proposed and tested. The proposed method uses variable CSD (VCSD) coefficients which approximate filter stopband attenuation by controlling the precision of the CSD coefficient sets. A decimation filter for Audio Codec '97 specifications has been designed having processor architecture that consists of program/data memory, arithmetic unit, energy/level decision, and sinc filter blocks, and fabricated with 0.6${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS sea-of-gate technology. For the combined two halfband FIR filters in decimation filter, the number of addition operations were reduced to 63.5%, 35.7%, and 13.9%, compared to worst-case which is not an adaptive one. Experimental results show that the total power reduction rate of the filter is varying from 3.8 % to 9.0 % with respect to worst-case. The proposed approximate processing method using variable CSD coefficients is readily applicable to various kinds of filters and suitable, especially, for the speech and audio applications, like oversampling ADCs and DACs, filter banks, voice/audio codecs, etc.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.95-107
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• 1997

For nursing as a science to establish a unique system of knowledge, nursing researchers should include the philosophical activities such as establish of nursing philosophy. For establish of philosophy nursing, the nature and realms and essential characteristics of nursing science should be made clear at first. The purpose of this study identify alienation and the situation of happen to alienation and Martin Buber Philosophy(I and Thou). Understanding of this concept should enlighten nurses to interaction and relationship problems between patients and nurse and thus lead to further toward enhancing these interaction and relationship. The alienation was serious problem in present society which was cultural, political, economical, mechanical, religious classified. The overcome of alienation in nursing situation was caring and interpersonal relationship based on Martin Buber philosophy. The essential philosophy of Martin Buber was "I and Thou" relationship. I and Thou relationship are consist of five characteristics ; 1)mutuality 2)directness 3)presentness 4)intensity 5)ineffability As health care technology becomes more sophisticated, there is a tendency to rely on monitors and machines to assess the patient's status. Therefore focus on the functioning and care of machine can result in less meaningful communication with patients. This study points to the need for health professional and patient relationship based on Martin Buber philosophy(I and Thou). This relationship may suggest that professional shoud have sincerity, concerning, respect and warm emotional toward their patients. Ultimately this study provide the basic information to contribute understanding of "I and Thou" relationship and nursing philosophy development in nursing education.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.219-234
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• 2020

As the Korean society ages, the number of women who specialize in community health care is expected to increase. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and structure the nature of suffering due to job stress among female community health care professionals, and to provide basic data supporting the performance of female health care professionals. To use Parse's theory of human becoming, nine female health care professionals were selected in the community. After forming the "you and me" relationship, the researcher recorded the participants' distress through honest conversations. It was converted to the structure of human becoming through the extraction-synthesis and discovery interpretation process. Through conceptual interpretation, the structure of the experience was developed. At the results, the female health care professionals were the process of overcoming difficulty due to poor working conditions and conflict in roles between work and family through their skills and communication reinforcements in hopes for change. The stable national welfare policies must be established to sustain jobs with female community health care experts through improved working conditions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.199-217
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• 2014

There have been relatively lots of studies on the relationships beteen port and city. And, most of the recent studies on the subject shows that the relationship between the two parties is weakening. The contributions of a port to the city economy such as convenience of logistics service utilization, cost reduction, creation of job opportunities and value added production etc. are diminishing, whereas negative effects of port such as environmental effects, limitation of waterfront activities etc. have been increasing. On the other hand, port logistics service demand from city economy is decreasing. As for Busan city, the trend of major economic indicators and growth factor analysis results show that there is hardly any relationships between the development of transportation industry(including port logistics) and the regional economy. Especially, it is identified that most regional industry sectors excluding transportation industry failed to secure competitive advantage. Accordingly, it can be concluded that Busan city economy fails to take advantage of advanced transportation industry sector, which supports overall economic activities. On the other hand, it can be a problem for enhancement of port-city relationships that related and supporting industries of transportation industry such as information and communication industry, financial and insurance industry, and processing and assembling manufacture industry fail to secure competitive advantage in Busan city.