• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2012

Interest has been studied as one of the construct to understand and improve learning in science. While informal science education is getting increasing attention as science education has been extended from formal school science to informal science learning including after-school program or science museum activity, however, little has been studied in comparing to the needs. In this study the authors investigated students' interest about learning science in the context of informal science education. For this the survey tool in the article of Im and Pak (2000) was utilized through modification, and 155 elementary students' responses were analyzed with factor analysis and basic statistics. The factor analysis showed that the students' interest about learning science in the context of informal science education has multi dimensions like subject, motivation, and activity dimension. The result showed that students' interest decreased as their grade is higher, and that the interest of intrinsic motivation, empirical activity, and descriptive subject were relatively high while the interest of extrinsic motivation, cognitive activity, and specific subjects were low. From this study the authors could infer the necessity of instructional strategy in consideration of students' interest for more effective science learning in informal science education environment.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.485-493
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• 2011

There has been increasing evidence of the positive effects in informal science programs to promote the youths' positive development. However, relatively a small number of informal science programs target specific student populations such as youth in poverty with little research done about the important program factors. This case study presents an exemplary informal science education program (focusing on Earth Science Education or more specifically, water in urban environments) for youth in poverty in a midwest city of the United States. This study explored the most important characteristics of the program that could lead to positive development for the youth. Through a number of observations of the program and interviews with the participants, this study employs inductive and interpretive research methods. Findings show that the program managers' beliefs about the youths' knowledge and experiences, their relationship building skills, and their cooperative work are very important. A concrete mission for the program and structured institutional support to hire the youth as paid museum staff are also important in assuming their responsibility and building identity as an active social member.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.293-307
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 앞으로 비형식 과학 학습 연구가 추구해야 할 방향을 모색하기 위하여, 기존의 비형식 과학 학습 관련 연구들이 다루어온 교육적 관점을 각 분야별로 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 최근 6년간 발행한 비형식 과학 학습 관련 학술지 144편을 대상으로 하여 각 연구에서의 교육적 관점을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 과학적 실천 참여나 정서 고양, 지식의 이해에 관한 연구가 다수 이루어졌지만, 과학의 본성에 대한 이해에 대한 연구는 드물게 이뤄지는 등 몇 가지 교육적 관점에 치우쳐서 연구가 이뤄진 경향이 있었다. 또한 이러한 경향은 각 분야 세부 매체별에서도 나타났는데, 치우친 양상은 매체별로 다양하게 나타났다. 따라서 형식 교육의 보조가 아닌 비형식 과학 학습 그 자체로서의 다양한 측면을 살펴보고, 추구하고자 하는 바를 깊게 이해하기 위해서는 각 매체별 연구에 있어서 다양한 교육적 관점을 검토해야 할 것이다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2007

Although science continues to be a key subject in the education of the majority of young people throughout the world, it is becoming increasingly clear that school science is failing to win the hearts and minds of many of today's younger generation. Researchers have begun to look at ways in which the learning that takes place in museums, science centres and other informal settings can add value to science learning in schools. Four case studies are used to illustrate the potential afforded by informal contexts to research aspects of science learning. The case studies involve: the European Union PENCIL (Permanent European Resource Centre for Informal Learning) project (a network of 14 museums and science centres working with schools to enhance learning in maths and science); a large natural history museum in England; the Tate Modernart gallery in London, and the Outdoor Classroom Action Research Project which involved researchers working in school grounds, field centres and farms. The range of research questions that were asked are examined as are the methodological approaches taken and the methods used to collect and analyse data. Lessons learned from the studies about research in the informal contexts are discussed critically.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2014

This study aimed to find out the current conditions and the characteristics of elementary students' science-related engagement in informal education setting. For this, we conducted a survey targeting 645 $6^{th}$ grader elementary students of three elementary school in Seoul. The results were described as following aspects: first, the place, the engagement frequency, and companies of students' science-related activity in informal setting, second, the characteristics of engagement based on homogeneity analysis. Based on these results, we suggested several ways to encourage students' science-related engagement in informal education setting.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2008

This study examined pre-service science teachers' perceptions of informal learning by adopting a discourse analysis method suggested by Mortimer and Scott(2003). The guiding research questions were: (1) What are some general patterns of the discourse occurring in science museums between a teacher and a student? (2) In what ways do the pre-service teachers perceive informal learning and teacher's role in informal settings? The 7 pre-service science teachers participated in this study. Each of them shepherd an elementary student around the museum and implemented their own instruction using a pre-planed lesson plan. Results indicated that even though the teachers had learned some characteristics of informal teaming in their college courses, they tended to implement their traditional view of science teaming into the instruction and the view affected them to set up their teaching purposes and contents, and to select communicative approach, patterns of discourse and ways of intervention.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-75
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to explore characteristics of on-line teaching materials on websites of natural history museums, particularly with regard to educational perspectives and the nature of science. The target resources were selected from the websites of the Natural History Museum in London, the Australian Museum in Sydney, the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, and the Smithsonian Museum in Washington D.C.. A total of twelve on-line resources from these museums used in this study were selected as representative informal science teaching materials. For the investigation, this study developed a checklist with a total of nine items that were grounded on mostly reviewing previous literature and articles focusing on educational perspectives of natural history museums and science centers. Exciting and positive results were found in all four museums. The analyses, however, indicated weaknesses as well as strengths in on-line resources regarding their usages as informal science teaching venues.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.281-296
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• 2015

The ultimate goal of environment education plays an important role in forming knowledge, skill, attitude and a point of value along with sustainable development in the regions. Recently, however, environment education is comparatively despised due to college-entrance-exam-focused education policy. Ironically, environment education is more actively implemented at informal institutes rather than formal ones. Environment education at schools is based on the school curriculum, but at informal educational institutes enjoy much more freedom in choosing learners, places and programs. Among them, the place is one of the most important factors of environment education. Therefore, in order to maximize the goal of environment education in this study, a specified program was developed and applied to a certain place to investigate its features and effects. Also the program was checked if it reflexes the environment education goal by using environment education program analysis frame. The results are as follows; according to the analysis of the program, the program was most effective for the two goals of offering hands-on experience and presenting motivations. The second most effective result of the program lied in the goal of knowledge, functions, value and attitude. And the teachers who used this program concluded that, when the program was applied to unmanned islands, offered stronger motivation due to their natural surroundings. Furthermore, direct experience is recommended because it can give us better conditions to collect data and to enhance interpretation ability.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2005

최근 들어 학생들은 비정규 과학 활동을 접할 기회가 많아지고 있다. 예를 들어 다양한 과학 공연과 경연에 참여할 수 있으며, 과학관을 방문하고, 대중매체를 통해 다양하고 풍부한 과학의 이미지와 영상자료들을 접한다. 또 과학자들로부터 직접 강연을 들을 수도 있으며, 여러 기관에서 진행하는 행사를 통해 과학 체험 활동을 하기도 된다. 2004년부터 한국공학한림원에서는 민간 기업과 기업의 연구소가 지역의 초등학교 학생들을 대상으로 다양한 현대 과학기술과 관련된 제작활동을 지도하는 '주니어 공학기술 교실'을 운영해왔다. 이 연구는 '주니어 공학기술 교실(KJEA)' 프로그램에 참가한 초등학생들의 인식을 조사하여 비정규 과학 학습을 효과적으로 발전시키는데 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 이를 위해 '주니어 공학기술 교실' 사업에 참여한 40개 초등학교 중 8개 초등학교 4학년, 5학년, 6학년 학생 807명을 대상으로 '주니어 공학기술 교실(비정규 과학 학습)에 대한 선호도와 그 이유', '주니어 공학기술 교실(비정규 과학학습)에 대한 태도', '주니어 공학기술 교실 프로그램에 대한 흥미', '주니어 공학기술 교실의 성과'에 대한 설문을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 초등학생들은 이와 같은 형태의 비정규 과학 학습 활동에 대해 매우 높은 선호도를 보였으며 그 이유로 직접 해 볼 수 있는 참여과 프로그램의 신기성과 같은 프로그램의 특성이 중요하게 부각됐다. 이러한 결과는 '주니어 공학기술 교실' 형태의 비정규 과학 학습 기회의 확대가 필요하고 동시에 효과적으로 발전하기 위해서는 무엇보다 양질의 프로그램을 개발하려는 노력이 가장 중요함을 시사한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.532-540
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• 2012

This research investigated the motivation and interests of a sample of predominately-underrepresented populations to better understand whether informal STEM learning experiences offer support for developing STEM identities. A valid and reliable three-section self-reporting survey was administered to 169 secondary students as the primary data source. Identity was used as a theoretical lens along with descriptive statistics to reveal students' perceived benefits of the informal STEM learning experience, a Mathematics, Engineering, Science Achievement (MESA) program in the western U.S., for improving their understanding of science, mathematics, and engineering concepts, increasing their interest in science, mathematics, and engineering careers, and increasing their belief of the importance of these STEM disciplines. In summary, the findings emerging, considered alongside current identity research, suggest that informal STEM learning experiences offer students from underrepresented STEM populations the space needed for successful STEM identity bids, either for future career pursuits or participation in a STEM literate populace as a non-STEM professional societal member.