• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2022

The MZ Generation likes watching YouTube videos produced by senior influencers despite the big age gap. In addition, the final goal of collaborative YouTube videos between senior influencers and brands is to increase sales. Accordingly, this study examined this interesting phenomenon and aimed to provide useful insights for creating YouTube videos targeting the MZ generation. This study was divided into two parts. Study 1 explored the viewers' perceived benefits by looking at the YouTube video comments of a senior fashion influencer, and then classified the perceived benefits into informational, psychological, and hedonic benefits. Study 2 analyzed the relationships among the viewers' perceived benefits (informational, psychological, hedonic benefits), attitude toward a brand, and behavior intention. Study 2 found that only informational benefits, among the three perceived benefits, enhanced attitudes toward a brand, thereby affecting behavior intention. Based on the results of two sub-studies, this study highlights the importance of informational benefits to maximize the marketing effects employing the collaborative YouTube videos of senior influencers and brands.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2023

The digital environment, which has been rapidly developing since the beginning of the 21^st century, has become more specific due to COVID-19, and marketing strategies are rapidly changing to suit purchasing activities of Generation MZ, whose online purchases are becoming the center of their lives. A public relations agency is generally responsible for all aspects of making a client's product or service visible to the public through various forms of media. Among them, a company that performs only fashion-related tasks is called a "fashion PR agency". Now, the fashion industry is also centered on the e-commerce environment, and various digital marketing strategies have been developed and directly related to sales. This study examined the current status of online media and digital marketing, analyzes the aspects of fashion brand promotion strategies and methods in the e-commerce era, focusing on the work of fashion PR agencies, and suggests the direction of new online and offline promotion methods based on marketing and technological aspects. As a result of the study, first, theories on strategies for online media and digital marketing were examined, and found that the amount of online promotion has recently increased and become more specialized. Second, this study examines the concept of fashion PR agencies and analyzed their main tasks through interviews with fashion PR professionals. Third, based on successful online fashion promotion cases, the study analyzed fashion promotion strategies and methods that are being integrated online and offline in the e-commerce era. The main methods included SNS strategy, content strategy, performance strategy, influencer strategy, and event strategy, and it is suggested that integrated management is necessary for consistent brand image management, and an IMC (Integrated Marketing Communication) strategy, which intensively manages all strategies, should be employed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.212-229
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• 2020

최근 중국에서는 생방송을 이용한 마케팅 활동이 적극적으로 진행되고 있는데, 그 중에서 '생방송+판매' 형식이 크게 주목받고 있다. 왕홍은 생방송을 통해 시청자에게 제품을 설명하고 온라인 쇼핑을 촉진하며 충동구매를 일으킨다. 본 연구는 이러한 왕홍이 진행하는 판매 생방송 과정에서 왕홍 특성 중 어떤 요인이 시청자의 충동구매에 영향을 미치는지에 대해 조사하였다. 또한 이러한 과정에서 판매 생방송에 대한 플로우 경험과 시청만족도가 매개 효과를 나타내는지 알아보았다. 나아가, 판매 생방송이 진행되는 판매 환경에 따라 플로우 경험, 시청만족도, 충동 구매 행위가 조절될 것이라고 예상하였다. 이를 위해 판매 생방송 시청 경험이 있는 중국 여성 242명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 왕홍의 신뢰성과 매력성이 시청자의 충동구매에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 과정에서 즐거움, 주의 집중, 시간 왜곡 플로우 경험, 그리고 시청만족도가 매개 효과를 나타냈다. 해외 현장에서 진행하는 방송과 중국 스튜디오에서 진행하는 방송은 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구는 판매 생방송에 따른 충동적인 구매행위를 연구함으로써 새로운 마케팅 전략인 판매 생방송에 대한 이해를 높일 수 있다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2023

Modern people live a life connected with the real world and the virtual world by relying on the new media of enterprises and social consumption led by innovative technologies. In this environment, virtual influencers actively communicate with consumers and build relationships through social media, which is a new marketing tool that has attracted widespread attention. From a business perspective, it is necessary to have a solid understanding of this phenomenon, and then explore communication strategies to effectively develop virtual influencers. To investigate followers' preference for virtual influencers, this study employs the Q-method, which studies human subjective attributes, an empirical research effort to uncover complex issues in human subjectivity. To determine the factors that trigger people's voluntary and active practice and the preference degree of virtual influencers, the Q method is implemented to examine human subjectivity, thoughts and attitudes. According to the results of this study, virtual influencers are a new group of idols full of vitality. The interviews found that there are still many virtual influencers who do not know about followers, but each type can be clearly understood through the intuitive understanding of the interviewees. Divided out, type 1 one egoideal virtual influencers aim to represent an idealized version of the creator or target audience. Embodies ideal physical characteristics, personality or lifestyle desired by the audience. Type 2 is charismatic and attractive, and has the characteristics of most virtual influencers. It is suggested that it can be developed into a potential type, doing brand cooperation, and content production on social media platforms. Type 3: Game animation, derived from the image of characters in games or comics, with stylized features and energetic personalities, which can be integrated into games or entertainment experiences. Type 4 development potential type is the most successful type among virtual imagers, and it is also the purpose of marketing virtual influencers. It is essential that brand endorsement on social media platforms, integrated marketing, and driving advertising traffic. It is recommended to improve production technology to reduce investment costs.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.446-462
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• 2020

The objectives of this study are to explore the information source, assessment, and preferred styles of 3D virtual influencers(VI), to investigate the expected impact of advertisements with 3D VIs on brands, and to explore ways of expanding the use of 3D VIs. In-depth interviews with 40 males and females in their 20s and 30s were conducted and qualitative data were analyzed. The study results are summarized as follows. First, the information source of the 3D VI was SNS, acquaintances, and broadcasting. Second, 3D VIs were considered positively due to their attractive appearance, wide utilization, innovative use, freshness, separation from private identity, and time and cost savings, while considered negatively due to their unrealistic appearance and antipathy against replacing a person's role. Third, the preferred appearance styles of the 3D VI differed according to the level of virtuality although the majority of interviewees preferred similar looks to real people with low virtuality. Fourth, diverse image qualities such as innovative, differentiated, trendy, high-value, professional, and future-oriented were considered as transferred to the brand advertised by 3D VIs. Fifth, advertisements with 3D VIs may help build positive perceptions of advertised brands that may lead to purchase behaviors for some consumers. Lastly, to expand the use of 3D VIs, the specific advantages of virtual models should be maximized with consideration of how to implement a variety of body types and images of models. Findings present an important foundation to generate strategies to better apply 3D VIs to the fashion market.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.75-100
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• 2022

Purpose Recently, hyper-realistic virtual influencers have received much attention in the field of corporate marketing. However, there is a lack of research that suggests specific processes affecting behavioral intentions through trust and attachment between virtual influencers and consumers. In addition, previous studies have failed to consider the characteristics of hyper-realistic virtual influencers. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of trust and attachment to hyper-realistic virtual influencers on consumers' behavioral intentions based on the trust-building model. Design/methodology/approach Based on the previous research, seven antecedent factors for trust-building were derived: Reality, Attractiveness, Awareness, Interactivity, Professionalism, Social Presence, and Predictability. Next, the survey was conducted on Chinese people who had experienced interacting with hyper-realistic virtual influencers on social network services within the last 3 months at the time of data collection. A total of 326 respondents were used for the final analysis and hypotheses were tested using a structural equation model technique. Findings The results of this study are as follows. First, this study confirmed that reality, attractiveness, awareness, social presence, and predictability as antecedent factors for trust-building of hyper-realistic virtual influencers have a positive effect on trust. Second, this study confirmed that trust in hyper-realistic virtual influencers has a significant positive effect on attachment. Lastly, this study confirmed that trust and attachment to the hyper-realistic virtual influencer significantly and positively affect relationship retention and purchase intentions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.3169-3181
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• 2015

Nowadays, online word-of-mouth has become a powerful influencer to marketing and sales in business. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis is frequently adopted at market research and business analytics field for analyzing word-of-mouth content. However, there still remain several challengeable areas for 1) sentiment analysis aiming for Korean word-of-mouth content in film market, 2) availability of machine learning models only using linguistic features, 3) effect of the size of the feature set. This study took a sample of 10,000 movie reviews which had posted extremely negative/positive rating in a movie portal site, and conducted sentiment analysis with four machine learning algorithms: naïve Bayesian, decision tree, neural network, and support vector machines. We found neural network and support vector machine produced better accuracy than naïve Bayesian and decision tree on every size of the feature set. Besides, the performance of them was boosting with increasing of the feature set size.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-159
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• 2023

본 연구는 최근 많은 기업에서 마케팅을 목적으로 활용하는 가상 인플루언서에 대한 소비자들의 인식에 대해 집중 조명하고 있다. 다양한 외모와 배경 스토리, 세계관 등을 구성요소로 가지고 활동하는 가상 인플루언서에 대해 소비자들은 어떤 인식을 가지고 있는지 Q방법론을 활용하여 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 또한, 연령대별로 가상 인플루언서에 대한 기대 가치가 어떻게 다른지 확인하고자 한다. 이를 위해 사전 인터뷰와 문헌 검토를 통해 34개의 진술문을 제작했다. 연구 결과, 20대 소비자는 가상 인플루언서에 대해 '분야의 전문가인 가상 인플루언서,' '실존 인물 같은 가상 인플루언서,' '가짜는 가짜다운 가상 인플루언서,' '친근하게 소통하는 가상 인플루언서'와 같은 4가지 유형의 모습을 기대했다. 반면에 30대 소비자는 '신뢰할 수 있는 가상 인플루언서,' '모르고 보면 실제 인플루언서,' '트렌드에 민감한 소통 중심 가상 인플루언서,' '광고 모델 가상 인플루언서'와 같은 4가지 유형의 모습을 기대했다. 이러한 연구 결과는 소비자들이 가상 인플루언서에 대해 가상의 인물이라는 것을 인지하고 있음에도 불구하고 외형적으로도 인간과 유사하기를 선호하는 소비자와 가상성을 유지하여 가상의 인물로 느껴지는 것을 선호하는 소비자가 모두 존재한다는 것을 의미한다. 추가로, 소비자들은 가상 인플루언서가 다루는 콘텐츠 분야에 대해서 일관성 있고 전문성을 가지기를 기대하며, 지나치게 상업적인 모습을 보여주는 것을 선호하지 않는 소비자도 존재함을 알 수 있다. 본 연구를 통해 가상 인플루언서를 활용하고자 하는 기업에게 마케팅 활동에 있어서 타겟 고객들을 대상으로 어떤 가상 인플루언서를 활용해야 하는지 고려하는 과정에서 시사점을 제공하기를 기대한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.997-1007
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• 2021

The last decade has seen the emergence of the idea of "sharing economy" as people are more aware of environmental issues. Although clothing businesses applying the model of sharing consumption have emerged recently, less research effort has been invested in this topic, especially in investigating young consumers' intention. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors driving Generation Z consumers' behavioral intention toward online fashion rental. In this research, a conceptual framework is proposed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Technology Acceptance Model. To test the research model and hypotheses, a survey of 375 students and pupils was conducted in Vietnam. All the scales' reliability and validity were assessed through Cronbach's Alpha and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the relationship among constructs. The study results showed that attitude toward behavior, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control were positive contributors to Gen Z's intention to use online fashion rental. Besides, the positive relationships between attitude and two other factors - perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use - were also highlighted. Moreover, the findings provided empirical evidence for supporting the positive impact of interpersonal influence, e-WOM, and influencer e-marketing on subjective norm.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.219-236
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• 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of micro and macro-influencers on consumer purchase intentions, specifically focusing on the role of the product's origin (domestic or foreign). The study will specifically analyze the markets of South Korea and Kyrgyzstan to understand how various types of influencers impact consumer behavior within these unique cultural and economic settings. Design/methodology/approach This study evaluates hypotheses using the factorial design method among social media users in South Korea and Kyrgyzstan. The experiments involve scenarios with eight different groups. The analytical research methodology used is analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings The study findings confirmed that micro- and macro-influencers have varying effects on consumer behavior, which supports previous research. The inclusion of the product origin factor resulted in more accurate data. In both the South Korean and Kyrgyzstan markets, the findings indicated that micro- and macro-influencers have limited success in promoting local products. However, when it comes to promoting foreign products, there are notable differences in effectiveness between micro- and macro-influencers, with macro-influencers being more effective.