• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.801-810
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• 1999

The purpose of present research was to get characteristics and basic knowledges of electrorheological(ER) suspension. To observe behaviors of the ER suspensions. transparent conductive plates were used to visualize the flow of ER suspensions between two parallel plate electrodes. The influence of flowing speed and intensity of electric field on the ER fluid were examined in circle-shaped electric field, and it takes several hundred milliseconds that suspensions in flow cluster. The present study also conducts a numerical analysis adopting the Bingham model. It is found that simple Bingham model can not property describe the flow behavior in the parallel plates.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.80-92
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to investigate the relation between personality(activity, emotional stability, and dominance) and clothing design preferences, and to examine the differences of clothing design preferences according to demographic variables of men. Subjects for the study were 255 male white-collar workers ranging in ages from twenties to fifties, in Seoul and Kwangju City, Korea. The men with higher activity of personality preferred the double jacket with 4 buttons, the combination of light color jacket and dark trousers, glen check pattern jacket, herringbone pattern jacket, light beige color dress shirts. The higher the emotional stability, the higher the preferences on diverse patterns such as fine stripe, plaid, hound\`s-tooth check, and small check pattern. The men with higher dominance preferred dark blue color suit, glen check pattern suit, and necktie of red circle, and disliked the necktie of gray circle. The men in their 20\`s and 30\`s liked the single jacket with 3 buttons, the suit of fine stripe and the necktie of gray circle more among three income groups. The higher the men\`s age and income were, the more they liked the conservative style such as a single jacket with 2 buttons. The men who reside in Seoul liked the suit of gray circle, the jacket and trousers of same color, the patternless jacket, and the patternless suit more than the men in Kwangju. Therefore, the men in methropolitan area preferred conservative clothing image. Fine stripe pattern and patternless materials were preferred when men wore jacket and trousers of same color, while glen check pattern was preferred as the pattern of jacket when jacket and trousers of different color. Male white-collar worker liked single jacket more than double jacket, and preferred the dark blue color suit and necktie, patternless suit, fine stripe suit, and the pale blue dress shirts generally. The present findings provide that the personality of male has influence on the clothing design preferences, and it is possible to infer men\`s personality by their attire.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.273-279
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• 2018

This study researched how the refraction error and illumination influence to contrast sensitivity when we wear the circle contact lenses. The study population comprised 16 students and adults(5 of Male, 11 of Female). The study population comprised 16 students and adults(5 of Male, 11 of Female), We measured the contrast sensitivity on uncorrected vision, according to color of circle contact and change the illumination of laboratory. The contrast sensitivity by illumination decreased than unaided vision when they wore the color contact lenses and more increased mesopic than photopic. Compared between black and brown lenses, brown was higher the contrast sensitivity than black. Also emmetropia had significantly differences when we compared the contrast sensitivity of subjects who had emmetropia, myopia and myopia astigmatism whether refractive error has or not. Therefore, it is important to provide sufficient understanding and recognition of color contact lenses.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2008

Purpose: This study has been conducted to know how the size and position of the circle of least confusion has an influence on the vision for minimization of asthenopia when astigmatism is corrected and appropriated prescription to provided clear vision life. Methods: The method of the study has been worked on 68 students (136 eyes) of man and woman enrolled in university of Gyeong-gi-do aged 20 to 40, who have myopic astigmatism in order to know how the corrected vision changes according to the size and position of the circle of least confusion of astigmatism, the vision has been tested by giving the vision whose astigmatic power of 0.25D and 0.50D was just reduced, low correcting the astigmatic power into 0.50D, and at the same time inserting additionally spherical power -0.25D, all under a condition that the corrected vision after completely corrected astigmatism, and the axis of astigmatism was not changed. Results: The average vision was 1.047 when the astigmatic power was fully corrected, and in low correction of 0.25D, it was 0.914, and in low correction of 0.50, it was 0.772. It has been learned that the bigger the circle of least confusion was the bigger the range of vision reduction and the corrected vision in astigmatism has correlation with the size of the circle of least confusion. It has been examined that the average vision according to position of the circle of least confusion in astigmatism was 1.047 when the astigmatic power was completely corrected and focused on the retina with state of point, and in case that the astigmatic power was 0.50D of state of low correction, that is, the circle of least confusion was focused before retina, it was 0.828, and it was also 0.826 when the astigmatic power is low corrected with 0.50D and the circle of least confusion was focused on the retina. Explained briefly, It has been examined that in case that the state of low correction of the astigmatic power was same, the vision reduction was less in the image of the circle of least confusion focused upon the retina than in the image of its being focused before the retina. Conclusions: In case that the refractive power of cylindrical lens is reduced in test of wearability in astigmatism, there needs surely an adjustment of spherical lens that can place the circle of least confusion on the retina.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

In 1999, Six Sigma was introduced into Korea and after that it had general influence on company-wide management system. Quality Circles apply the various quality problem solving techniques such as QC 7 Tool, New QC 7 Tool, and statistical methods to rationalization, improvement in the shop floor. This paper empirically investigates the effects of Six Sigma on Quality Circles by analyzing the difference of problem solving technique's use. The number of teams employed in this study is 342, which participate in National Quality Circles Contest from 1997 to 2002 in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2004

This study was analyzed three basic patterns of the Islamic arts. These are natural flora, geometrical and calligraphy pattern. Islamic belief in Aniconism, doctrine of unity and worship of arabic language demanded delicate, decorative, and abstract patterns instead of patterns of real image. Natural flora pattern was classified into arabesque and various flower patterns. Muhammad commands that "The artist who fashions a representation of living things is competitor of God and therefore destined to eternal damnation, so if you want to represent living things, you should only depict flowers and trees". Then the natural flora patterns developed into main Islamic pattern. Geometric pattern was composed of geometrical elements like, circle, trigon, square, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon or other polygons, stars or motifs with straight or curved lines. Circle symbolized ′celestial′ sphere and crystal of the lower octagon symbolized ′earthly existence′. Therefore if the circle join with the octagons, it means fusion of celestial and earthly existence. Another important influence on the Islamic art was the calligraphy pattern, the writing of Arabic language. The major language of calligraphy pattern was Arabic script and often Persian script. Calligraphy pattern was composed of Kufic and Cursive script. The cursive script was developed various forms. The Islamic tenet prohibit depiction of sacred images, the sacred Arabic calligraphy such as ′Alla′ or ′Mohammad′ was substituted of them. And the content of calligraphy pattern was used with Quranic phrases. The aesthetics of Islamic patterns analyzed aesthetic of ′rhythmic lines′, aesthetic of ′unity in multiplicity′, aesthetic of tessellation and aesthetic of harmony. On the textiles of the Islamic culture, the arabesque, floral, geometric and calligraphy patterns were frequently used.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2010

Objective: Many drug or non-drug therapies are reported to be effective in reducing the severity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of color and pattern on the severity of ADHD in young ADHD patients. Method: We randomly assigned 30 children into two groups and had them participate in 15-minute block play sessions once in a week. The experimental group used blocks with green (3G, Munsell color system) circle patterns on them, while the control group played with plain white blocks. We also provided a set of playing cards with the corresponding patterns. This trial continued for 4 weeks and 29 children (96.7%) completed. The primary outcome measurement was the ADHD rating scale-IV and was evaluated on every visit. Results: After the trial, ADHD score decreased in both groups but not significantly ($34.4{\pm}8.0$ to $30.0{\pm}4.3$; $34.0{\pm}6.0$ to $30.3{\pm}3.2$). However, there were significant differences in 4 items of ADHD rating scale between the two groups. These consisted of 3 inattention (Q3, Q7, Q15) and 1 hyperactivity-impulsivity (Q12) items and the reduction between the first and final visits was significant (p=0.0240, p=0.0498, p=0.0237 and p=0.0012 respectively). Conclusion: Repeated exposure to a green circle pattern might not influence the total score of ADHD rating scale but reduced 3 inattention items and 1 hyperactivity-impulsivity significantly in children with ADHD. Proper visual stimuli are partially helpful for pediatric ADHD.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.295-303
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• 2005

YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄)is a book that organized the conversation between Joseon physician Ki-DuMun(奇斗文) and Japanese Acupuncture specialist Murakami Tanio(村上溪南) and others when they visited the quarters where the Choson Delegation(朝鮮通信使) were staying in, while the Choson Delegation party were visiting Japan in 1711. YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄) was discovered in the process of gathering medicine-related historical documents of the Choson Dynasty that is spread out all over the Japanese region, with the help from Japanese and Chinese scholars. This was part of the Co-Examination-Research-Process of korean medical documents that are located in the East Asia traditional medical region, which was promoted by the Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine in 2003. This paper has analyzed in-depth, with an inner-medical view, the academic exchange content of YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄) by following the order of the main text. With this examination, we were able discover new facts about the interest in Primary Symptom(是動病) and Secondary Symptom(所生病) of 17th century doctors, a new hypothesis on the diffusion of HeoYim(許任)'s ChimGuKyungHeomBang(鍼灸經驗方) in Japan, the existence of a new acupuncture tool called ChongChim(腫鍼), and the influence of the 18th comtemporay famous traditional medical books (it is called UiHakYipMun(醫學入門) and ShinEungKyung(神應經) on the 18th century East Asian medical circle. We were also able to ascertain the specific medical content that was diffused to the Japanese medical circle by the Korean medical circle.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.195-207
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• 2021

In recent years, with the rapid growth of China's animation industry, the two-dimensional culture and consumption have been immersed in the daily lives of young people. The two-dimensional culture that mainly exists on young people is gradually entering the public's field of vision, making the two-dimensional culture not It is only restricted to the fixed fan circle, but is known to more people outside the circle. At the same time, the "barrage" (screen text) cultures in video websites has become popular with some film and television works, Internet terms, etc., and has attracted the attention on mainstream culture. On the one hand, its cultural products have appeared on traditional mainstream video websites and advertisements on provincial satellite TV. And in the program, on the other hand, a small part of the screen text and cultural terms are also used by some celebrities and other ordinary people who don't understand the meaning of the terms at all, and have caused widespread dissemination. Sometimes the video website itself is also mentioned, which obviously shows a difference. The tendency towards a kind of screen texts subculture to penetrate the mainstream culture.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.207-219
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• 2008

In urban areas, it is very often to excavate ground adjacent to existing structures for the construction of new buildings. Deformation and vibration induced by such construction activities may cause damages to the existing structures and petitions from citizens. To secure safety of the existing structures, particularly of tunnels, establishment of general guidelines on vibration have been crucial concerns, although some institutions have their own guidelines which are not generally accepted. This study aims establishing guidelines for tunnel safety due to blast-induced vibration. Numerical methods are adopted for this study. Blast load equation proposed by International Society of Explosive Engineers (2000) is used to decide detonation pressure. Analysis models were obtained from the construction cases of Seoul Metros. By performing dynamic numerical analysis, vibration velocity of an existing tunnel is evaluated. The numerical results are verified by comparing with the field measurement data obtained in excavation sites adjacent to an existing tunnel. Based on the results vibration safety zone is proposed. Influence circle for vibration velocity is drawn and the area not exceeding the allowable vibration velocity is established.