• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

With the spread of COVID-19 worldwide, non-face-to-face services have grown rapidly, but at the same time, the problem of plastic waste is getting worse. Accordingly, eco-friendly policies such as carbon neutrality and sustainable circular economy are being promoted worldwide. Due to the high demand for eco-friendly products, the packaging industry is trying to develop eco-friendly packaging materials using PLA and PBAT and create new business models. On the other hand, Ulva australis occurs in large quantities in the southern seas of Korea and off the coast of Jeju Island, causing marine environmental problems. In this study, lactic acid was produced through dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation processes to utilize Ulva australis as a new alternative energy raw material. In general, seaweeds vary in carbohydrate content and sugar composition depending on the species, harvest location, and time. Seaweed is mainly composed of polysaccharides such as cellulose, alginate, mannan, and xylan, but does not contain lignin. It is difficult to expect high extraction yield of the complex polysaccharide constituting Ulva australis with only one process. However, the fusion process of dilute acid and enzymatic saccharification presented in this study can extract most of the sugars contained in Ulva australis. Therefore, the fusion process is considered to be able to expect high lactic acid production yield when a commercial-scale production process is established.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.85-91
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• 2022

In modern society, the field of life is expanding to complex and diverse fields according to changes in lifestyle. As people's consciousness also changes, various social problems are involved, and countermeasures are being taken in various ways. In particular, as the issue of school violence has become a subject of interest, government-related ministries have jointly set up a reporting center and professional counselors are receiving and consulting on damage reports. Counselors experience mental and physical exhaustion in the course of their work. Therefore, the need to contribute to effective counseling work is raised by studying the factors that cause burnout. This study collected the experiences of 10 counselors working at 117 reporting centers from February 2019 to May 2020 through interviews and analyzed them with Colaizzi's phenomenological research method. The exhaustion factors derived from the results of the study were first experiences such as conflict between counselors during the period of institutional integration in the "117 reporting center experience", and secondly, professional counselors experienced emotional exhaustion, inhumanization, and lack of achievement. In order to prevent and overcome the exhaustion factors of counseling agents, it was necessary to prepare measures to promote fraud. This is expected to be useful data for improving the working environment of special job counselors in the era of industrialization and informatization in which various anonymous counseling methods are used.

• 한국정책학회보
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.199-228
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• 2012

Policy problems are complex due to diverse participants and their relations in the policy processes. Defining the right problem in the first place is important because Type III error is likely to happen without removing rival hypothesis in defining the problem. This study applies Boundary Analysis suggested by Dunn to structure IT policy problems in Korea. The time frame of the study focuses on 5 years of Lee Administration and data are collected from four newspapers. Using content analysis, the study, first, elaborates total 2,614 policy problems from 1,908 stakeholders. After removing duplicating problems, 369 problems from 323 stakeholders are identified as a boundary of IT policy problem. Among others, failures in government policies are weighted as the most serious problems in IT policy field. However, many significant problems raised by stakeholders dated back to more than a decade, and those are intrinsic problems, which initially caused by market distortions in the IT industry. Therefore, we should be cautious not to overemphasize the most conspicuous problem as the only problem in the policy field when we interpret results of problem structuring.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.154-164
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• 2009

In 2007, 94% of organic wastewater sludge from industries located in Ulsan was disposed of by ocean dump. The ocean dump of organic sludge would be totally prohibited by the year of 2012. However, there is no alternative but incinerating the sludge from the industries located in Ulsan. Securing the technology for sludge treatment and on-land disposal is very important issue among the industries in the Ulsan Petrochemical Industry Complex. In this study, the material aspects of dried and carbonized sludge as a fuel were evaluated for petrochemical and sewage sludge from Ulsan. The dried and carbonized sludges from the factories producing terephthalic acid, BTX, propylene, chemical textile, etc. of which the low heat value exceeded 3,000 kcal/kg had high potential as a fuel according to the results of thermal characteristic analysis. However, the dried sludges with heat values lower than 2,100 kcal/kg and carbonized sludges, lower than 1,100 kcal/kg containing more Inorganic material from the industries producing pulp, paper, methylamine, amide, etc. had a little potential to be used as a fuel. In most cases, drying the sludge showed better results than carbonization in the aspect of thermal characteristics of sludge.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.142-154
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• 2023

As the importance of the environment has been recognized worldwide, the need to calculate and reduce carbon emissions has been drawing an increasing attention throughout various industrial sections. Thereby the discipline of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) involving raw material preparation, production processes, transportation and installation has been established. There is a clear research gap between the need and the practice for Korean Case of renewable energy industry, particularly wind power. To bridge the gap, this study conducted LCA research on wind power generation in the Korean area of Yeongdeok, an example of a domestic onshor wind power complex using SimaPro, which is the most widely used LCA system. As a result of the study, the energy recovery period (EPT) of one wind turbine is about 10 months, and the GHG emitted to generate power of 1 kwh is 15 g CO₂/kWh, which is competitive compared to other energy sources. In the environmental impact assessment by component, the results showed that the tower of wind turbines had the greatest impact on various environmental impact sectors. The experience gained in this study can be further used in strengthening the introduction of renewable energy and reducing the carbon emission in line with reducing climate change.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.22
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• pp.169-183
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• 2015

As time is rapidly changing, the culture to represent an era is getting more subdivided and complex. Due to cultural diversity, the influence, cause, characteristics which could be understood in individual field centered by space in the past cannot be understood now only by the viewpoint of one field, and it has become difficult to predict and correspond to the change of the future. With the development of information and knowledge delivery system, various cultural contents to form a space are being created and lapsed, but there are a lot of parts which cannot be explained or understood by only one point of view. To inspect these situation, this study is aimed to draw the Tangibility and Intangibility Value causes that became the influence with Jongmyo Shrine, designated from UNESCO at February 1995, a traditional space with historical superiority, analyze the key factors that became the main factor to form the space, and consider the importance of the related factors. The unconstructured data technique which is applied as the method of analysis in this study can be said to be a new value judgement and viewpoint in interpreting the space. Therefore, this study is a new trial to provide a frame for multilaterally interpreting the various traditional space and culture of Korea from the past to the present.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.20
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• pp.227-241
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• 2015

As time is rapidly changing, the culture to represent an era is getting more subdivided and complex. Due to cultural diversity, the influence, cause, characteristics which could be understood in individual field centered by space in the past cannot be understood now only by the viewpoint of one field, and it has become difficult to predict and correspond to the change of the future. With the development of information and knowledge delivery system, various cultural contents to form a space are being created and lapsed, but there are a lot of parts which cannot be explained or understood by only one point of view. To inspect these situation, this study is aimed to draw the cultural and technical causes that became the influence with Suwon Hwaseong, a traditional space with historical superiority, analyze the key factors that became the main factor to form the space, and consider the importance of the related factors. Suwon Hwaseong is a new town formed by the order of King Jeongjo. Suwon Hwaseong at that time was a space with the will and effort of many people who dreamed a new era, and it has a meaning of varoius time ans space as historical facts and cultural values as well as the progress and development of scientific technology. The unstructured data technique which is applied as the method of analysis in this study can be said to be a new value judgement and viewpoint in interpreting the space. Therefore, this study is a new trial to provide a frame for multilaterally interpreting the various traditional space and culture of Korea from the past to the present.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.23
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• pp.149-162
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• 2016

Here are background, method, scope, main contents of this research. As the interests increased in recent about the construction in complex and diverse areas, construction is locally connected to human life like to coexistence of the technology and culture. The local development should not be fragmentary construction to improve local recycling ability. Local society should be inherited by modern cultural perspective through a variety of local culture and coexistence. Effective decision making analysis is necessary to build a livable area with a combination of high-tech industry. For this reason, this paper will study the political analysis for decision making at the planning stage of construction in point of fusion of technology and culture by using unstructured data analysis. Conclusion is as in the following. Local planning stage of construction describes diverse meanings of intangible and intangible factors as political factor. Technology factors have various qualitative and quantitative factors in construction field. Understanding decision making at the planning stage of construction means not only visible 'technology factor' such as structure, method, shape, and so on, but also invisible 'culture factor' such as spirit of age, religion, learning, and life-style reflected in formation process of space, and insight of brain power about art.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.409-414
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• 2023

We described how to implement character expressions and animations that play an important role in expressing emotions and personalities in low-polygon character animation. With the development of the video industry, character expressions and mouth-shaped lip-syncing in animation can realize natural movements at a level close to real life. However, for non-experts, it is difficult to use expert-level advanced technology. Therefore, We aimed to present a guide for low-budget low-polygon character animators or non-experts to create mouth-shaped lip-syncing more naturally using accessible and highly usable features. A total of 8 mouth shapes were developed for mouth shape lip-sync animation: 'ㅏ', 'ㅔ', 'ㅣ', 'ㅗ', 'ㅜ', 'ㅡ', 'ㅓ' and a mouth shape that expresses a labial consonant. In the case of facial expression animation, a total of nine animations were produced by adding highly utilized interest, boredom, and pain to the six basic human emotions classified by Paul Ekman: surprise, fear, disgust, anger, happiness, and sadness. This study is meaningful in that it makes it easy to produce natural animation using the features built into the modeling program without using complex technologies or programs.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.134-148
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• 2023

Background: The conducting of health effect surveys (HESs) in environmentally contaminated vulnerable areas (ECVAs) by the central and local governments has been increasing apace with the increase in demand for HESs since the Environmental Health Act was enacted in South Korea in 2008. Objectives: This study aimed to review the HESs of residents in ECVAs conducted in South Korea. Methods: An analysis was performed on 125 reports obtained from the Environment Digital Library, PRISM, and local government websites after selecting from 803 projects obtained as ECVAs from the Korea ON-Line E-Procurement System (1997~2021), National Institute Environment Research (2000~2021), and Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (2009~2021). The reports were classified by background (residents' demand, HES, and more), research design (cross-sectional study, cohort, ecological study, and panel), pollution source (abandoned metal mine (AMM), industrial complex (IC), and more), and assessment method of exposure and health effects. The survey area was converted into administrative district codes for geographical mapping. Results: There were 37, 34, 18, and 10 cases associated with AMM, IC, waste incinerators, and coal-fired power plants, respectively. Most of the studies conducted were cross-sectional studies and ecological studies. The proportion of epidemiological investigations by residents' demand showed an increase from 0.0% to 8.9% for the central government while decreasing from 16.7% to 14.3% for local governments after 2008 compared to before 2008. HESs increased at both the central and local government levels since 2014. For the evaluation method, 365 environmental hazards, 319 health outcomes, and 302 biological markers were investigated, with the most commonly investigated items being metals, cancer, and blood metals. Conclusions: HESs of residents in ECVAs in South Korea have been continuously developed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Future improvements are expected, and systematic review and classification of the HESs is warranted.