• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.284-292
• /
• 2018

The study investigated the concentrations of Pb in soil, air and fruit of C. sinensis in selected landuse types in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. Five fruits of C. sinensis were collected randomly in residential, commercial, industrial and natural forest (control). The weight, length and width of the C. sinensis fruits were measured. A total of three soil samples were collected around the C. sinensis trees where the fruits were collected into well labeled polythene bags and thereafter taken to laboratory for analysis. Pb concentrations in C. sinensis and soil samples were analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The concentration of Pb in the air was measured for 14 days using Aeroquel 500. The significant relationship between Pb concentration in the C. sinensis fruits, soil and air was determined using Spearman's rank correlation. Findings showed that the mean weight and width of C. sinensis fruits were highest in the residential landuse while the mean length of C. sinensis fruits was highest in the industrial landuse. However, the mean Pb concentration in the C. sinensis fruit was highest in the industrial landuse ($0.46{\pm}0.15mg\;kg^{-1}$), commercial landuse ($0.33{\pm}0.09mg\;kg^{-1}$) and the least was found in the natural forest ($0.25{\pm}0.06mg\;kg^{-1}$). The mean Pb concentration in the soil was highest in the industrial landuse ($0.177{\pm}0.16mg\;kg^{-1}$) and commercial landuse ($0.121{\pm}0.10mg\;kg^{-1}$). However, the mean Pb concentration in the air was highest in the industrial landuse ($0.85{\pm}0.09mg\;kg^{-1}$) and followed by commercial landuse ($0.30{\pm}0.17mg\;kg^{-1}$). The correlations between the Pb concentration in the C. sinensis fruit and soil (r=0.768, p<0.05) and air (r=0.642, p<0.05) were significant. The study concluded that the Pb concentration in the C. sinensis fruits was higher than the WHO standard; hence people should be discouraged to consume them, especially those from the industrial and commercial areas.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.10-19
• /
• 2020

Port Gyeongin was developed as a multi-functional port equipped with container and general port facilities and could be linked with nearby tourist attractions. However, it has experienced difficulties from the limitation of being a small port, duplicating functions, and lacking an interlink with nearby ports. Nonetheless, resident companies that need logistics facilities in Port Gyeongin or nearby ports process specific import and export goods such as wood, steel, and industrial products through Port Gyeongin because of the characteristics of the port. From this perspective, it is critical to establish a measure to promote Port Gyeongin through utility analysis of the stakeholders in Port Gyeongin. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to analyze the preference of stakeholders in Port Gyeongin using conjoint analysis and propose a difference in the preference of the stakeholders. Study results show that the terminal group, shippers, and tenant companies considered the berthing capacity, incentive scale, and port logistics cost as the most critical matters, respectively. The stakeholders in Port Gyeongin should recognize the difference in critical matters, and be equipped with shipper discovery and institutional arrangement according to the characteristics of Port Gyeongin such as cooperation with related institutions and inter-collaboration between operating companies to promote Port Gyeongin.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1998.11a
• /
• pp.19-22
• /
• 1998

Automatic mesh generation procedures applied to industrial now problems lead to complex mesh topologies where usually no special considerations to mesh resolution are taken. In the present study a fast and flexible solution algorithm in combination with generalized higher order discretization schemes is presented and its application to intake port calculation is demonstrated.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.25 no.7
• /
• pp.969-976
• /
• 2004

Cassava peelings waste, which is both a waste and pollutant, was chemically modified using mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) and used to adsorb $Cu^{2+}\;and\;Cd^{2+}$ from aqueous solution over a wide range of reaction conditions at $30^{\circ}C$. Acid modification produced a larger surface area, which significantly enhanced the metal ion binding capacity of the biomass. An adsorption model based on the $Cu^{2+}/Cd^{2+}$ adsorption differences was developed to predict the competition of the two metal ions towards binding sites for a mixed metal ion system. The phytosorption process was examined in terms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. The models indicate that the cassava waste biomass had a greater phytosorption capacity, higher affinity and greater sorption intensity for $Cu^{2+}\;than\;Cd^{2+}$. According to the evaluation using Langmuir equation, the monolayer binding capacity obtained was 127.3 mg/g $Cu^{2+}$ and 119.6 mg/g $Cd^{2+}$. The kinetic studies showed that the phytosorption rates could be described better by a pseudo-second order process and the rate coefficients was determined to be $2.04{\times}10^{-3}\;min^{-1}\;and\;1.98{\times}10^{-3}\;min^{-1}\;for\;Cu^{2+}\;and\;Cd^{2+}$ respectively. The results from these studies indicated that acid treated cassava waste biomass could be an efficient sorbent for the removal of toxic and valuable metals from industrial effluents.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.1-27
• /
• 2012

As more manufacturing and global businesses are being pulled into the port area, the idea of a Port Business Valley (PBV) is being pondered as it would create jobs and added value. The PBV would be centered around the harbor and be connected to the port, a logistics district, an industrial district, and the city. The resulting domestic and foreign investment in logistics, industry, business, tourism, living, etc. would vitalize the geographical characteristics of Incheon Port. It would also generate the largest amount of ripple effects between industries in the PBV. However, up until recently, the most frequently offered examples of planning that have helped logistics of a port to grow that have used a PBV have been those of Busan New Port and Gwangyang Port. However, this study is the result of the recent inception of the idea of creating a PBV centered around Incheon Port and the need for experts to develop a plan for such a PBV in Incheon by conducting a site specific study. The aim of this study is to set up the concept of PBV and establish PBV model of Incheon Port. In addition, this study identifies construct factors and their strategies for establish PBV of Incheon Port and then, shows the key factors and related-strategies on Fuzzy-AHP analysis from a survey of logistics experts with Incheon Port.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.265-287
• /
• 2008

This paper studies the economic effects of port-liquid freight by focusing on Ulsan port and its regional economic effects. The direct industrial effects of port-liquid freight are analysed to be an increase in about 1billion dollars' worth of production of the regional port-logistic industry, an increase in about 0.22billion dollars' worth of value-added of the industry, and the creation of about 2,600 employment in the industry. Including the indirect effects, the total effects on Ulsan regional economy are estimated to be an increase in about 1.9billion dollars worth of production, an increase in about 0.51billion dollars' worth of value-added and an increase in about 6,442 employment.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.195-211
• /
• 2021

This paper measures the economic impacts of the U.S. port investment strategies coping with the Panama Canal expansion. Using secondary import data, negative and positive estimates of the impacts were presented in this study. Reduced port activities into the West Coast Customs Districts negatively affect transportation and warehousing industries, among other effects. Still, they have simultaneous positive effects in other states from increased imports resulting from modal shifts and changes in the entry port located in the South and East coasts. This study applied the supply-driven National Interstate Economic Model that measures all interstate trade among the U.S. states to divert foreign imports from 15 Pacific Rim countries. For this purpose, the following assumption was adopted: larger ships using the canal will lead to a redirection of seaborne trade among U.S. (and other) ports and result in secondary effects, e.g., using different freight modes and regional growth spillovers. This study also accounted for the entry point change and significant port investments for foreign trade under alternative scenarios. The choice of ports for international trade depends on decisions about how to minimize multimodal delivery costs. The total direct reduction of transportation and warehousing activities associated with foreign imports in the West Coast ports was estimated at $3.3 billion, leading to total negative effects of $5.8 billion. Total positive impacts from the shift of transportation modes with the choice of an entry port and new warehousing activities for foreign imports in the selected 12 states varied. As expected, states that involved an entry port had the most prominent benefits, but Texas, New York, and New Jersey may be benefited through all the port enhancement projects in the U.S. Also, except for Transportation and Postal, and Warehousing industries, Construction is another dominant positive affected industry of the Canal expansion in the U.S.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.77-92
• /
• 2014

The focus of this study is to analyse dynamic relationship among BDI(Baltic Dry-bulk Index, hereafter BDI), forex market and industrial production using monthly data from 2003-2013. Specifically, we have focused on the investigations how monetary and real variable affect shipping industry during recession period. To compare performance between general VAR and Bayesian VAR we first examine DAG(Directed Acyclic Graph) to clarify causality among the variables and then employ MSFE(mean squared forecast error). The overall estimated results from impulse-response analysis imply that BDI has been strongly affected by other shock, such as forex market and industrial production in Bayesian VAR. In particular, Bayesian VAR show better performance than general VAR in forecasting.

• IE interfaces
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.469-478
• /
• 2007

Rail transportation terminals play an important role in inland transportation systems, because the operation productivity in the terminals significantly influences the efficiency of the whole transportation systems. This paper addresses a design method of a real rail terminal that satisfies a pre-specified throughput capacity. In order to construct high performance rail terminal, it is shown how design parameters can be estimated systematically. Examples of the design parameters are the number of transshipment tracks, the number of rail cranes, and the number of internal trucks. These design parameters are estimated by using simple equations and the validity of the values of these parameters are tested by using simulation. Furthermore, some iterative correction procedure, which uses the simulation technique and the equations alternately, are proposed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.12
• /
• pp.8889-8895
• /
• 2015

It is necessary to secure the underwater visibility in order to perform underwater works such as rubble mound leveling or inspection and management of underwater structures. In this study, turbidity data for typical port area in Korea were measured and analyzed according to the region. Underwater monitoring system including underwater camera and sonar system, which can be effectively attached to underwater equipment for various turbidity conditions, was also investigated.