• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2015

We develop a new auto-guiding system for the Camera for QUasars in the EArly uNiverse (CQUEAN). CQUEAN is an optical CCD camera system attached to the 2.1-m Otto-Struve Telescope (OST) at McDonald Observatory, USA. The new auto-guiding system differs from the original one in the following: instead of the cassegrain focus of the OST, it is attached to the finder scope; it has its own filter system for observation of bright targets; and it is controlled with the CQUEAN Auto-guiding Package, a newly developed auto-guiding program. Finder scope commands a very wide field of view at the expense of poorer light gathering power than that of the OST. Based on the star count data and the limiting magnitude of the system, we estimate there are more than 5.9 observable stars with a single FOV using the new auto-guiding CCD camera. An adapter is made to attach the system to the finder scope. The new auto-guiding system successfully guided the OST to obtain science data with CQUEAN during the test run in 2014 February. The FWHM and ellipticity distributions of stellar profiles on CQUEAN, images guided with the new auto-guiding system, indicate similar guiding capabilities with the original auto-guiding system but with slightly poorer guiding performance at longer exposures, as indicated by the position angle distribution. We conclude that the new auto-guiding system has overall similar guiding performance to the original system. The new auto-guiding system will be used for the second generation CQUEAN, but it can be used for other cassegrain instruments of the OST.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Purpose of this research was to identify effects of application of a modified primary nursing system. Methods: Measurement was done of direct nursing time and satisfaction of nurses and patients before and after one month of the modified primary nursing system in a surgery unit in C university hospital, Seoul. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between average for patient satisfaction (4.24) before and (4.11) after application of the modified primary nursing system. Total average for nurse satisfaction with the nursing delivery system was 2.89 before application and, 3.34 after, indicating some significant differences (t=-4.06, p<.001). The KPCS-1 was 10.19 before application of the modified primary nursing system and 9.52 after application. Recalculated into direct nursing time, the average direct nursing time for one patient was 92 minutes before application, and 85.98 minutes after, indicating no significant difference. Conclusion: Through this research an attempt was made to build and test a modified primary nursing system. Results indicate that the most important thing is to clearly regulate office work and safely implement the new system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.160-166
• /
• 2018

This paper proposes an advanced suspension system and reports its performance in the framework of the preview control algorithm based on the RPS (road profile sensing) system and MSD system with the multi-stage damping characteristics. Typical disturbance inputs that cause excessive vibration and steering instability of an automobile are irregular obstacles that protrude or sink into the road surface to be driven. The control performance can be improved if information on the existence and shape function of its obstacle is known. Based on the results of the previous study, advanced research that uses the actuating system has been processed to be commercialized practically. For this purpose, a switching algorithm between the control logic and the multi-stage damping system was developed and its connectivity is presented. To verify the applicability of an actual vehicle, the proposed control system was implemented in full vehicle models and simulations were performed. The proposed system using the 3-DS actuator system, which is applied for structural simplicity, can improve the ride comfort and steering stability. In addition, the results indicate the feasibility of the intelligently controlled suspension system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to provide sustainable measures for conservation and management to protect valuable natural/ecological resources, offer differentiated quality assurance services for eco-tourism products, and explore measures for eco-tourism certification/designation systems. To achieve its goals, the study discussed domestic and overseas trends and literatures that concern eco-tourism certification/designation system and investigated case studies that were presently operational. A group of experts and a group of non-experts were surveyed separatedly to investigate the awareness of the national eco-tourism certification/designation system. The results from the investigation indicate that Europe, since the late 1990s to early 2000, has actively introduced a system that establishes and operates a dedicated institution, and European members have created a cooperation framework to formulate international partnerships and develop standardized assessment benchmarks to adhere to the goals of the system, the period for certification was designated from one year to five years, and renewals were granted based on periodic monitoring and reassessment. In Korea, from early 2000, the Ministry of Culture, Sorts and Tourism and other organizations have certified product quality and assessed travel products and national park tour programs. The certification period was established to be set between one and three years, and the vast majority were not reassessed. Upon investigating the results for awareness of national eco-tourism certification/designation system, a high number of respondents agreed with the need to establish a eco-tourism certification/designation system (90% of respondents), and the respondents cited eco-tourism quality assurance, conservation of value, means to maintain established institutions, and environmental education and information as reasons for needing a certification/designation system. In Korea, a certification/designation system for the eco-tourism industry is presently in operation, but the system regulates target institutions based on their characteristics. Therefore, this study proposes its suggestions via various categories, including designated institutions, designated purpose, designated subjects, designated organization, laws, regulations, and incentives.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.355-360
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to find out the direction of development of the expert diagnosis system by questioning student satisfaction after practicing Oriental Diagnosis System (ODS). A questionnaire survey was conducted for 73 students who attended Pusan National University Graduate School of Korean Medicine and conducted clinical practice from the second semester of 17 years to the first semester of 18 years. The questionnaire survey consisted of 6 questions about the satisfaction of current expert system and 5 questions about supplementation and addition. As a result of the questionnaire analysis, the question about the necessity of the expert diagnosis system and the benefit of clinical practice using the expert diagnosis system indicated high positive response rate. On the other hand, there is a difference in the results of the dialysis before and after using the expert diagnosis system. So, It seems that the reliability of the results of the expert diagnosis system is still low. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the need for expert diagnosis system is beneficial, but it is necessary to supplement the current system in order to improve clinical utility in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.518-524
• /
• 2010

Continuous removal of organic matters (CROM) using freshwater bivalve Anodonta woodiana was operated to evaluate the effect of water current on the water quality improvement (clearance) of eutrophic lake. The CROM system comprised three treatment steps such as flow control, treatment and analysis, and operated at the two different currents ($24L\;h^{-1}$ and $48L\;h^{-1}$) with mussels at density of $312.5indiv.\;m^{-2}$ for 12 consecutive days. Water quality including suspended solids (SS) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) was daily measured at the same time. Results indicate that although both the system strongly decreased the concentration of SS and chl-a, a slow CROM system was more effective to diminish the SS contents than a fast CROM system; 82% and 66%, respectively (ANOVA, P<0.0001). Clearance rates, based on chl-a, were also significantly higher in a slow system than a fast system (ANOVA, P<0.0001), although the mussel mortality was conversely. In both systems, there showed a remarkable excretion of dissolved inorganic nutrients (i.e. $NH_3-N$ and $PO_4-P$), while a slow CROM system was higher than a fast system, significantly (ANOVA, P<0.0001). Therefore, it may suggest that a slow current CROM system is more suitable to maximize the efficacy of water quality improvement, but further study is needed to diminish the mortality of mussel and to reuse the nutrient released during the operation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.327-340
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose a system predicting whether an electricity distribution system is abnormal by analyzing the temperature of the deteriorated system. Traditional electricity distribution system abnormality diagnosis was mainly limited to post-inspection. This research presents a remote monitoring system for detecting thermal images of the deteriorated electricity distribution system efficiently hereby providing safe and efficient abnormal diagnosis to electricians. Methods: In this study, an object detection algorithm (YOLOv5) is performed using 16,866 thermal images of electricity distribution systems provided by KEPCO(Korea Electric Power Corporation). Abnormality/Normality of the extracted system images from the algorithm are classified via the limit temperature. Each classification model, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, XGBOOST is performed to explore 463,053 temperature datasets. The process capability index is employed to indicate the quality of the electricity distribution system. Results: This research performs case study with transformers representing the electricity distribution systems. The case study shows the following states: accuracy 100%, precision 100%, recall 100%, F1-score 100%. Also the case study shows the process capability index of the transformers with the following states: steady state 99.47%, caution state 0.16%, and risk state 0.37%. Conclusion: The sum of caution and risk state is 0.53%, which is higher than the actual failure rate. Also most transformer abnormalities can be detected through this monitoring system.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2018

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) has been developing the space optical and laser tracking (SOLT) system for space geodesy, space situational awareness, and Korean space missions. The SOLT system comprises satellite laser ranging (SLR), adaptive optics (AO), and debris laser tracking (DLT) systems, which share numerous subsystems, such as an optical telescope and tracking mount. It is designed to be capable of laser ranging up to geosynchronous Earth orbit satellites with a laser retro-reflector array, space objects imaging brighter than magnitude 10, and laser tracking low Earth orbit space debris of uncooperative targets. For the realization of multiple functions in a novel configuration, the SOLT system employs a switching mirror that is installed inside the telescope pedestal and feeds the beam path to each system. The SLR and AO systems have already been established at the Geochang station, whereas the DLT system is currently under development and the AO system is being prepared for testing. In this study, the design and development of the SOLT system are addressed and the SLR data quality is evaluated compared to the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) tracking stations in terms of single-shot ranging precision. The analysis results indicate that the SLR system has a good ranging performance, to a few millimeters precision. Therefore, it is expected that the SLR system will not only play an important role as a member of the ILRS tracking network, but also contribute to future Korean space missions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.432-438
• /
• 2019

In the study of nuclear structure, the fast timing technique can be used to measure the lifetime of excited states. In the paper, we have developed a new fast timing system, which is made up of two $LaBr_3:Ce$ detectors and a set of waveform sampling system. The sampling system based on domino ring sampler version 4 chip (DRS4) can digitize and store the waveform information of detector signal, with a smaller volume and higher timing accuracy, and the waveform data are performed by means of digital waveform analysis methods. The coincidence time resolution of the fast timing system for two annihilation 511 keV ${\gamma}$ photon is 200ps (FWHM), the energy resolution is 3.5%@511 keV, and the energy linear response in the large dynamic range is perfect. Meanwhile, to verify the fast timing performance of the system, the $^{152}Gd-2_1^+$ state form ${\beta}^+$ decay of $^{152}Eu$ source is measured. The measured lifetime is $45.3({\pm}5.0)ps$, very close to the value of the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC: $46.2({\pm}3.9)ps$). The experimental results indicate that the fast timing system is capable of measuring the lifetime of dozens of ps. Therefore, the system can be widely used in the research of the fast timing technology.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.30 no.11
• /
• pp.1075-1086
• /
• 2008

In order to investigate the applicability and suitability of the industrial by-products to apply mono-layer cover system for non-sanitary landfill sites, 6 different industrial by-products, such as construction waste, bottom ash, gypsum, blast furnace and steel manufacture slags, and stone powder sludge, were evaluated. Various physicochemical and hydrodynamic properties of the industrial byproducts were investigated. The environmental safety was monitored using batch and long-term leaching tests as well. In addition, the flexibility of plants was observed by cultivating them in the industrial by-products. The results for physicochemical properties indicate that most of the materials considered appeared to be suitable for landfill cover. Particularly, the concentration levels of hazardous elements regulated by the Korean Law for Waste Management did not exceed the regulatory limits in all target materials. In addition, the concentrations of regulated elements for the Korean Soil Conservation Law were examined below the regulatory limits in most of materials considered, except for the stone powder sludge. The results of batch and long-term experiments showed bottom ash and construction waste were the most suitable materials for landfill cover among the industrial by-products considered. The results of plant studies indicate that the bottom ash among industrial by-products considered was most effective in developing vegetation on landfill site, showing fast germination and large growth index. At the final covering system made of mixture of soil and bottom ash, the optimum application rate of farmyard manure was observed to be 40-50 Mg/ha.