• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

In the field of number and operation of mathematics, a learner's learning deficit in one year can disturb or obstruct his or her learning in the following year, which is an obvious characteristic in math education. But the problem doesn't stop here. It may increase poor learning in the related math field or, in a serious case, cause mathematical learning incompetence. In the other hand, a teacher must guide a class of about 40 students and take charge of overburdensome routine; it's really impossible for him or her to secure individual teaching time for poor learners and to give lessons considering their individual poor learning elements. In order to solve these problems, this study has found out some poor learning elements from poor learners in teaching mathematical number and operation, offered learning fit for them, and allowed them to approach a learning system regardless of time and space. And it has embodied a web-based learning system for operation field underachiever in elementary school, applied it to the scene of education, and analyzed the results so that a teacher may manage their learning results by DB and guide poor learners systematically. As a consequence, the study could reduce a teacher's teaching overburden and at the same time, raise the learning accomplishments of poor learners.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.90-95
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• 2014

Background and Objectives : Arytenoid adduction procedure is one of the main surgical options addressed for the correction of glottal incompetence in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Traditionally, a midline approach is used for identifying and suturing around the muscular process, which often needs over-traction of the thyroid cartilage and results in patient's discomfort as well as surgeon's distress. The authors investigated the advantage of a modified procedure, lateral approach, in which the arytenoid cartilage is exposed through the space between strap muscles and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Materials and Methods : Retrospective chart review was performed for 66 patients who received arytenoid adduction surgery at Samsung Medical Center, between the year 1997 and 2014. Operation time, types of anesthesia, voice outcomes and complications were compared between the midline (n=22) and the lateral (n=44) approach group. Results : Operation time was shorter in the lateral approach group ($125{\pm}24min$) than in the midline group ($144{\pm}24min$). Arytenoid adduction was proceeded under local anesthesia in 66% (n=29/44) and 14% (n=3/22) of patients with lateral and midline approach group, respectively. Voice outcomes and complication rates were comparable between the two groups. Injection laryngoplasty in conjunction with arytenoid adduction resulted in more favorable voice outcomes. Conclusion : A lateral approach for the arytenoid adduction procedure showed comparable voice outcomes and similar complication rates with those of a midline approach. However, lateral approach provided less discomfort to the patients and less distress to a surgeon, and therefore, shorter operation time was needed and local anesthesia could be more frequently applied for this modified procedure.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1979.05a
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• pp.7.2-8
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• 1979

The tests related to air usage are valuable for evaluating phonatory function of clinical cases having glottic incompetence. Measurement of mean air flow rate, maximum phonation time and phonation quotient are important test for voice disorder. Stroboscopy is very useful for clinical evaluation of abnormality in the mode of vocal cord vibration. Author obtained following clinical result from 56 cases of laryngeal disorders in Kurume medical school in Japan. 1) Unilateral laryngeal lesions, are 35 cases (62.5%) and bilateral laryngeal lesions are 21 cases (37.5%). 2) Sex ratio is 39 cases (69.8%) of male and 17 cases (30.2%) of female. 3) In maximum phonation time below 10 seconds are 26 cases (46.4%) and above 10 seconds are 30 cases (53.6%). 4) In phonation quotient below 300 ml/sec are 33cases (58.9%). and above 300ml/sec are 23 cases (41.0%). 5) In mean air flow rate below 300ml/sec are 37 cases (66.1%) and above 300ml/sec are 19 cases (33.9%). 6) Symmetry of vibratory movement of the vocal cord, regularity of vibration, amplitude of vibration, wave on the mucosa and glottic closures are observed by stroboscopic examination. 7) Postoperative voice test and stroboscopic examination revealed good result in compare pre-operation with post-operation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors and effects of job stress of construction workers on construction accidents and turnover intention in order to improve the field work environment of construction industry which shows higher industrial accidents than other industries. To this end, research models and hypotheses were established based on previous research, and the questionnaire was distributed to 10 construction companies in Daejeon, Sejong, and Chungcheong provinces. The 301 data collected were performed statistical analysis such as basic statistical analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and logistic regression analysis using the statistical package (IBM SPSS 22). The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, job stress has a significant effect on accident occurrence. Among the sub-factors of job stress, there was positive (+) influence on work culture and relationship conflict between peers, and organizational system had negative influence. Job demands, compensation incompetence, and job instability were not statistically significant. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate on the factors of work culture, organizational system, and relationship conflict in the construction site. Second, job stress has positive effect on turnover intention. Job stress, inadequacy of compensation, and work culture were positively related to turnover intention. Third, job demands have a slightly greater impact than compensatory inadequacies. The factors that make the job turnover more important are the excessive job burdens such as respect, internal motivation, responsibility rather than expectation non-conformity, time pressure, increase of work load. Therefore, in order to reduce the turnover intention of the construction worker, it is necessary to pay attention to improvement of the job requirement. Fourth, the worker's job stress could overcome by exercise and fatigue elimination, work environment management, and self-opening for others. It is necessary to establish a work environment management system for counseling and intimacy formation to open up the exercise and fatigue relief program of the workers at the construction site and to open themselves between the workers and the supervisors.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.39
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• pp.83-113
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• 2008

The purpose of the study is to explore the mental health social workers' experiences concerning client's self-determination by grounded theory, one of the qualitative method. Although a lot of previous studies has proved that the practitioners have suffered from the ethical considerations in their practice, on which the matter of client's self-determination is centered, little attention is paid to deep exploration of practitioners' real experience about those aspects. To carry out the research question, first, through literature reviews focusing on clarify the underlying issues about client's self-determination, three intrinsic clues are found out; incompetence, medical benefits, the harm to the third party. Data obtained by in-depth interview with 10 participants are analyzed by employing the methode developed by Corbin and Strauss, which could categorize the raw data into several high-level concepts and constructs. The findings of the study show that most practitioners would consider the clients as the intrinsic subject of self-determination. Therefore, in practice, they are trying to support the client's self-determination even within the some constraints. In addition, they also experience the clients' latent potential in actualizing autonomy and self-determination, and identifies the positive effect of self-determination not only on the client's self-help and mental health but also on the practitioners themselves. The results of the study clearly suggests that it is critical to provide the practitioners with adequate ethical education and training to help them to overcome their ethical suffering concerning clients self-determination.

• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1005-1020
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• 2010

This study was conducted to explore and understand the meaning of stigma of families having old people admitted to nursing home within the Korean culture. Data collection was performed through in-depth interviews and participant observations which were recorded and transcribed verbatim with the consent of the participants. The key informants were 12 people having the aged family member in nursing home. The data was collected from October 2008 to February 2009 until completed. Data were analyzed utilizing the taxonomic analysis method developed by Spradley. As a result, 24 themes, 8 categories and 4 cultural domains are founded from the cases. The cultural domains resulted from the analysis are: 『Incompetence of Oneself: 'Adaptation to Inevitable Realities', 'Difficulty of Economic Independence', 'Difficulty of the Subjective Self-assertion'』, 『Contradictoriness of Decision Making: 'Decision Making Different from Own Mind', 'Conflicts between Neighboring'』, 『Self-rationalization of Decision Making: 'Self-comfort of Decision Making'』, 『Shifting Responsibility: 'Services Different from that of Family', 'Laking in Sincerity of Responsible Institution'』. Theoretical model about stigma of the family having old people admitted to nursing home by the research result in the above was able to be confirmed that it was expressed with the original form of thought of recursive system which continuously showing the inconsistency of decision making, rationalizing decision making, and shifting one's own responsibility in the process of accomplishing the duty of supporting old people. Based on the results, I discussed the meaning of stigma of families having old people admitted to nursing home and provided recommendations for future research.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-128
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• 2006

The present study investigated individuals' perception of important social issues in Korea. Based on previous research(Hahn, 1994; Hahn & Kang, 2000), a checklist containing 370 social issues was created. This checklist was administered to 1600 Koreans(812 college students, 788 adults) residing in 5 regional areas in Korea during the period of December 2004 and February 2005. Data were analyzed by the respondents' age, sex, and residing areas, and findings were compared to those of the two previous studies conducted in 1994 and 1999. Major findings of the study are as follows. First, across the three surveys, over 50% of the respondents consistently indicated the following four items as important social issues in the Korean society: political corruption, environmental pollution, the education system that is driven too much for college entrance, employment difficulty for local college graduates. Second, more than 50% of the respondents in the current survey indicated the following 12 items as important social issues that must be resolved: high unemployment rate, political corruption, environmental pollution, education system, overall difficulty of getting jobs, the nation's distrust in politics, hardships of life among the working classes, political incompetence, people with defective personal credit standings, employment difficulty for local college graduates, political instability, corruption of public servants. Third, analyses on the top 30 social issues across the three surveys revealed a positive and significant rank-order correlation for a five-year period(i.e., 1994-1999, 1999-2004), but not for a ten-year period(i.e., 1994-2004). Implications of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.238-243
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• 2009

Background: Radiofrequency obliteration and endovenous laser therapy of the greater saphenous vein have recently been introduced as alternative, minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of saphenous vein incompetence. The 7 Fr. VNUS $ClosureFAST^{(R)}$ radiofrequency obliteration system was introduced in Gwang-Ju Veterans hospital. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and complications of radiofrequency obliteration using the 7 Fr. VNUS $ClosureFAST^{(R)}$ system. Material and Method: Between May 2, 2007 and May 31, 2008, we performed radiofrequency obliteration on 90 patients. The number of males was 67 and their mean age was $57.9{\pm}11.0$ (range: $23{\sim}78$) years old. The patients underwent follow up exams at 3 weeks after the procedures and then every 3 months. The effects of treatment and the complications were reviewed. Result: The postoperative complications were ecchymosis (94.4%), pain (27.8%), paresthesia (25.6%), bullous formation (8.9%), edema (6.7%) and phlebitis (2.2%). One patient showed good blood flow after 3 weeks and one patient showed good blood flow after 3 months. The one-year success rate of radiofrequency obliteration in varicose veins was 97.6%. Conclusion: Our data showed acceptable operative results and short-term clinical results for treating varicose veins with radio frequency obliteration. Long-term follow-up and comparison of radio frequency obliteration with high ligation and stripping, previous radiofrequency ablation and endovenous laser therapy are needed in the future.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.31-52
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• 2017

NCS education was created to realize a society in which skills and abilities are respected, such as transcending specifications, establishing recruitment systems, and developing and disseminating national incompetence standards. At the university level, special lectures and job training are being strengthened to raise industrial experts. Especially, in the field of animation, new technologies are rapidly emerging and demanding convergent talents with various fields. In order to meet these social demands, there is a limit to the existing one-class teaching method. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to participate in a variety of specialized teachers. In other words, rather than solving problems of students' job training and job creation, It is aimed to solve jointly, Team teaching was suggested as a method for this. The expected effects that can be obtained through this are as follows. First, the field of animation is becoming more diverse and complex. The ability to use NCS job-related skills pools can be matched with professors from other departments to enable a wider range of professional instruction. Second, it is possible to use partial professorships in other departments by actively utilizing professors in the university. This leads to the strengthening of the capacity of teachers in universities. Third, it is possible to build a broader and more integrated educational system through cooperative teaching of professors in other departments. Finally, the advantages of special lectures and mentor support of college professors' pools are broader than those of field specialists. A variety of guidance for students can be made with responsible professors. In other words, time and space constraints can be avoided because the mentor is easily met and guided by the university.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-127
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• 1991

This paper investigates the roles and the limitations of the Korean antitrust agencies-the Office of Fair Trade (OFT) and the Fair Trade Commission (FTC) during the making of the major industrial policies of the 1980's. The Korean antitrust agencies played only a minimal role in three major industrial policy-making issues in the 1980's- the enactment of the Industrial Development Act (IDA), the Industrial Rationalization Measures according to the IDA, and the Industrial Readjustment Measures on Consolidation of Large Insolvent Enterprises based on the revised Tax Exemption and Reduction Control Act. As causes for this performance bias in the Korean antitrust system, this paper considers five factors according to the current literature on implementation failure: ambiguous and insufficient statutory provisions of the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act (MRFTA); lack of resources; biased attitudes and motivations of the staff of the OFT and the FTC; bureaucratic incapability; and widespread misunderstanding about the roles and functions of the antitrust system in Korea. Among these five factors, bureaucratic incompetence and lack of understanding in various policy implementation environments about the roles and functions of the antitrust system have been regarded as the most important ones. Most staff members did not have enough educational training during their school years to engage in antitrust and fair trade policy-making. Furthermore, the high rate of staff turnover due to a mandatory personnel transfer system has prohibited the accumulation of knowledge and skills required for pursuing complicated structural antitrust enforcement. The limited capability of the OFT has put the agency in a disadvantaged position in negotiating with other economic ministries. The OFT has not provided plausible counter-arguments based on sound economic theories against other economic ministries' intensive market interventions in the name of rationalization and readjustment of industries. If the staff members of antitrust agencies have lacked substantive understanding of the antitrust and fair trade policy, the rest of government agencies must have had serious problems in understanding the correst roles and functions of the antitrust system. The policy environment of the Korean antitrust system, including other economic ministries, the Deputy Prime Minister, and President Chun, have tended to conceptualize the OFT more as an agency aiming only at fair trade policy and less as an agency that should enforce structural monopoly regulation as well. Based on this assessment of the performance of the Korean antitrust system, this paper evaluate current reform proposals for the MRFT A. The inclusion of the regulation of conglomerate mergers and of business divestiture orders may be a desirable revision, giving the MRFTA more complete provisions. However, given deficient staff experties and the unfavorable policy environments, it would be too optimistic and naive to expect that the inclusion of these provisions alone could improve the performance of the Korean antitrust system. In its conclusion, this paper suggests several policy recommendations for the Korean antitrust system, which would secure the stable development and accumulation of antitrust expertise for its staff members and enough understanding and conformity from its environments about its antitrust goals and functions.