• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2009

Recently the construction of bridges crossing navigable waterways is being promoted aiming at expanding social infrastructure and optimizing the overland routes through private investment. The construction, however, tends to focus on more the commercial requirements than the marine safety and efficient port management that it has a big risk not only to fail in ensuring the safety of ship traffic, but also to muse some severe conflicts between the parties concerned. These problems result from the lacking of standards about the design guidelines and discussing process considering the marine traffic safety when designing bridges. This research attempts to show the problems mused by bridge construction and suggest the standard discussing process through the survey and process analysis on Kwangyang Bridge and Incheon Bridge.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

Maritime transport is now regarded as one of the main contributors to global climate change by virtue of its $CO_2$ emissions. Meanwhile, slow steaming, i.e., slower ship speed, has become a common practice in the maritime industry so as to lower $CO_2$ emissions and reduce bunker fuel consumption. The practice raised various operational decision issues in terms of shipping companies: how much ship speed is, how much to bunker the fuel, and at which port to bunker. In this context, this study addresses an operation problem in a shipping companies, which is the problem of determining the ship speed, bunkering ports, and bunkering amount at the ports over a given ship route to minimize the bunker fuel and ship time costs as well as the carbon tax which is a regulatory measure aiming at reducing $CO_2$ emissions. The ship time cost is included in the problem because slow steaming increases transit times, which implies increased in-transit inventory costs in terms of shippers. We formulate the problem as a nonlinear lot-sizing model and suggest a Lagrangian heuristic to solve the problem. The performance of the heuristic algorithm is evaluated using the data obtained from reliable sources. Although the problem is an operational problem, the heuristic algorithm is used to address various strategic issues facing shipping companies, including the effects of bunker prices, carbon taxes, and ship time costs on the ship speed, bunkering amount and number of bunkering ports. For this, we conduct sensitivity analyses of these factors and finally discuss study findings.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.127-135
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• 2016

Korean automobile industrial is in a difficult situation because of more competitive global market and lower demand. Therefore, domestic as well as global automobile manufacturers are making greater efforts in cost reduction to strengthen the competitiveness. According to statistical data, logistics cost in domestic manufacturers is higher than advanced countries. In this study, we developed program to effectively manage standard time of procurement logistics, and confirm based on A-automobile factory data. For the purpose, we develop the system which is possible to manage standard time as well as calculate man-hour. Program is not just for calculating and managing standard man-hour, scenarios analysis function will be added to calculate benefit while introduce logistics automated equipment. In this study we propose scenario using AGV instead of electric motor while move component. In the scenario analysis, job constitution is changed, and then we use system to compare the result. We can confirm standard man-hour is reduced from 22.3M/H to 14.3M/H. In future research, it is necessary scenario analysis function, and develop algorithm with realistic constraint condition.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 2011

Location-Based Service(LBS) is a service that provides a variety of convenience in life using location information that can be obtained by mobile communication network or satellite signal. In order to provide LBS precisely and efficiently, we have to need technologies such as location determination technology, platform technology and server technology first. In this study, we studied on how we can reduce the error on location determination of objects such people and things. Fingerprint location determination method was applied to this study because it can be used at current wireless communication infrastructure and less influenced by a variety of noisy environment than other location determination methods. We used the time of arrival(ToA) method in fingerprint location determination method. In order to confirm the performance of suggested method, we developed location determination test program with LAbVIEW 2010 and performed the test. According to indoor test results, the suggested method reduced the distance error by 24%, 34% and 19% respectively at indoor environment compared with deterministic kWNN and Rice Gaussian fingerprint methods.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.217-224
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• 2012

Location-Based Services(LBS) is a service that provide location information by using communication network or satellite signal. In order to provide LBS precisely and efficiently, we studied how we can reduce the error on location determination of objects such people and things. We focus on using the least square method and triangulation positioning method to improves the accuracy of the existing location determination method. Above two methods is useful if the distance between the AP and the tags can be find. Though there are a variety of ways to find the distance between the AP and tags, least squares and triangulation positioning method are wildely used. In this thesis, positioning method is composed of preprocessing and calculation of location coordinate and detail of methodology in each stage is explained. The distance between tag and AP is adjusted in the preprocessing stage then we utilize least square method and triangulation positioning method to calculate tag coordinate. In order to confirm the performance of suggested method, we developed the test program for location determination with Labview2010. According to test result, triangulation positioning method showed up loss error than least square method by 38% and also error reduction was obtained through adjustment process and filtering process. It is necessary to study how to reduce error by using additional filtering method and sensor addition in the future and also how to improve the accuracy of location determination at the boundary location between indoor and outdoor and mobile tag.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2016

The efficiency of the purchasing and procurement logistics is important in automotive industry. The rationalization of production system is directly impact on productivity and quality. For this reason importance of logistics is high. Despite we are continuously making effort, our country are still below the level than developed country on logistics efficiency. Rising labor costs is an important factor in increasing logistics costs. So workforce reduction in logistics department is a large part. We deal with A-company inbound logistics, especially procurement logistics in automotive logistics as research object. So in this study we do research on work load balance about workers. We do research on 1,475 kinds of components in procurement process. We applied work load balance algorithm on chassis, final, sequence, trim warehouses workers. According to number of workers and average M/H, algorithm is applied in two ways. After applied work load balance algorithm we reduced numbers of workers from 28 to 20 and improved worker load balance rate from 47.1% to 93.7%.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.581-596
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• 2020

Purpose: purpose of this study was to propose the web application platform which can be to detect and discriminate various diseases and pest of tomato plant based on the large amount of disease image data observed in the facility or the open field. Methods: The deep learning algorithms uesed at the web applivation platform are consisted as the combining form of Faster R-CNN with the pre-trained convolution neural network (CNN) models such as SSD_mobilenet v1, Inception v2, Resnet50 and Resnet101 models. To evaluate the superiority of the newly proposed web application platform, we collected 850 images of four diseases such as Bacterial cankers, Late blight, Leaf miners, and Powdery mildew that occur the most frequent in tomato plants. Of these, 750 were used to learn the algorithm, and the remaining 100 images were used to evaluate the algorithm. Results: From the experiments, the deep learning algorithm combining Faster R-CNN with SSD_mobilnet v1, Inception v2, Resnet50, and Restnet101 showed detection accuracy of 31.0%, 87.7%, 84.4%, and 90.8% respectively. Finally, we constructed a web application platform that can detect and discriminate various tomato deseases using best deep learning algorithm. If farmers uploaded image captured by their digital cameras such as smart phone camera or DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflex) camera, then they can receive an information for detection, identification and disease control about captured tomato disease through the proposed web application platform. Conclusion: Incheon Port needs to act actively paying.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.275-285
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• 2010

Present state of nationwide marine facilities reported to 12 regional maritime affairs and port offices of MLTM in Korea for two years 2008 and 2009 was analyzed based on region and type of facilities, and national management plan was proposed in this study. As of the end of 2009, 8 types of marine facilities were reported to Yeosu regional maritime affairs and port office, while only 3 types of facilities were reported to Pohang, Daesan and Jeju regional offices, respectively. Oil and noxious liquid substances storage facilities belonged in the type of facility which was reported to all of 12 regional offices, and ranged from 11 facilities reported to Pyeongtaek regional office to the respective 38 facilities to Yeosu and Masan regional offices. In pollutants storage facilities, 4 facilities were reported to Masan regional office, 2 facilities to Donghae and Mokpo regional offices, respectively, 1 facility to Yeosu, Gunsan and Pyeongtaek regional offices, respectively, and none of facilities to the other regional offices. Ship construction, repair and scrap facilities belonged in the type of facility which was reported to all of 12 regional offices, and 45% of the facilities were concentrated in Southeastern Sea of Korea centering around Busan and Masan. In cargo handling facilities, 3 facilities were reported to Busan and Masan regional offices, respectively, 1 facility to Daesan regional office, and none of facilities to the other regional offices. In wastes storage facilities, 5 facilities were reported to Ulsan regional office, 4 facilities to Gunsan regional office, 2 facilities to Incheon regional office, 1 facility to Yeosu regional office, and none of facilities to the other regional offices. 65% of nationwide water intake and drainage facilities were concentrated in the areas of Pohang and Mokpo, and 78% of nationwide fishing spots at play were concentrated in the area of Masan. In other marine facilities, 4 facilities were reported to Donghae regional office, 3 facilities to Masan regional office, 2 facilities to Yeosu and Pyeongtaek regional offices, respectively, 1 facility to Incheon and Ulsan regional offices, respectively, and none of facilities to the other regional offices. In integrated marine science base facilities, 3 facilities were reported to Jeju regional office, 1 facility to Yeosu, Ulsan and Gunsan regional offices, respectively, and none of facilities to the other regional offices. The management based on the circumstances of regional offices, the management based on the characteristics of the type of facilities, the amendment of the relevant rules and regulations, facility owner's full knowledge and observance of the relevant rules and regulations with regard to the relevant type of facilities, and positive management actions from national point of view were proposed for national management plans of marine facilities.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.217-231
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• 2018

Planktonic ciliates play an important role in the food web of marine ecosystem as well as a bio-indicator for invasive species from ballast waters or from changing flow of ocean currents due to climate changes. This study was carried out to find some evidences for introduction of such invasive species using ciliate plankton in four major international ports of Korea. We surveyed the seasonal species composition of planktonic ciliate to find out the evidence for the invasive species at Busan, Ulsan, Gwangyang and Incheon ports from February 2007 to November 2008. A total of 45 ciliates species, belonging to 15 genera, were identified during the study period: 33 species occurred at Busan, 31 at Gwangyang, 30 at Ulsan, 18 at Incheon. The abundance of naked ciliates ranged from 566 to $65,151cells\;L^{-1}$ and that of tintinnids 10 to $5,973cells\;L^{-1}$. Based on vector species of ciliates reported from Coos Bay in Oregon, 13 vector species of tinitinnids were identified as follows, Eutintinnus lususundae, E. tubulosus, Favella ehrenbergii, F. taraikaensis, Helicostomella subulata, Stenosemella nivalis, Tintinnopsis ampla, T. beroidea, T. cylindrica, T. directa, T. lohmanni, T. radix, T. rapa. All vector species occurred at Gwangyang port. Most tintinnids were mainly neritic species throughout the survey, while warm water species occurred only in short period at Busan, Ulsan and Gwangyang ports that might be affected seasonally by Tsushima warm current.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.47-72
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• 2016

The Government of Korea has always focused on developing and maintaining a surplus on the balance of payments as a successful trade policy. The focus should now be on spatial information hiding, revealing patterns in trade activities that enable viewing trade in a more sophisticated manner. This study utilizes trade statistical data such as the United States-South Korea imports and exports from 2003 to 2015 officially released by the two countries. It allows us to analyze and extract the spatial information pertaining to the origin, transit, and destination. First, in the case of export data to the United States, the origin of the trade goods has expanded and decentralized from the metropolitan area. With regard to transit, in 2003, most of the exported goods were shipped by ocean vessels and arrived at the ports on the western coast of the United States. However, trade patterns have changed over the 12-year period and now more of that trade has moved to the southern ports of the United States. In terms of destination, California and Texas were importing goods from South Korea. With the development of the automotive industry in Georgia and Alabama, these two states also imported huge volumes of automobile parts. Second, in case of import data, most imported goods from the United States originated from California and Texas. In this case, 40% of goods were shipped by air freight and arrived at the Incheon-Seoul International Airport; most ocean freight was handled at the Port of Busan. The purpose of this study is to decompose the spatial information from the trade statistics data between Korea and the United States and to depict visualized bilateral trade structure by origin, transit, and destination.