• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.360-371
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• 2016

폴 루돌프의 플로리다 지역 주택은 2차 세계대전 이후 형식적인 근대 건축에서 탈피한 다양한 공간 구성, 지역 재료 및 구법의 사용으로 지역적 특성을 반영한 사례이다. 플로리다 주택 작품은 시대적, 지역적인 특성을 기반으로 하여 공간의 확장 및 연결 그리고 지역 환경을 고려한 재료 및 구법, 구조 시스템을 표현해야 한다는 설계 개념이 반영된 건축이다. 플로리다 주택의 특성은 공간 확장 및 외부 공간 연결 기법으로 목재 구조체를 중심으로 한 공간 확장과 가변적 공간구현 그리고 외부공간의 적극적인 연계성을 유도하기 위하여 다양한 방법(스크린 지붕, 오픈 지붕, 내부 파티오)을 사용하였다. 그리고 지역 재료 사용 그리고 지역 환경에 적합한 디테일 및 구법 사용으로 플로리다 지역의 석회암과 사이프러스 목재를 주된 재료로 사용하고, 고온 다습한 기후에 적합한 디테일과 지역 건설 환경을 고려한 구법을 사용하였다. 폴 루돌프의 플로리다 주택 연구를 통하여 현대 건축의 지역성을 고려한 계획에 구체적으로 적용 가능한 공간적, 기술적 적용 방법에 대한 모범사례로서 제안하는데 그 의미를 찾고자 한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

Recently, among those general contractors and construction material production companies in korea, this concept is lively obtained to reduce the floor impact sound. This attempt is continuously tried for developing the floor impact isolation material. However the assesment of the isolation performance is often ignored and even there seems no differences in comparison with the general the isolation performance of the floor impact. This is often occurred for their only respect with the material of the floor impact isolation performance. Therefore, this study analysed the expected problems for site application of currently applied the isolation material and its capacity which as the floor impact reducing material, and presented several major assesment items and checklist which should be inspected in advance of their development or site application.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.9-23
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• 2001

This study is for the Kyungduk-Dan(as a altar of Milsung-Daegun) and The Manun-Jae the characteristics(lay out and planning, window patterns, structure, materials) of the the Korean traditional house during the modern era. Before Manun-Jae was used for the house. The Kyungduck-Dan was constructed in August according to the Lunar Calender in 1927. The Manun-Jae(house for Ki-hun Kang, millionaire ) was completed in 1924. Modern Architectures brought to Korea with the bricks, the tiles, the flash doors, the plate grasses, the brass hardwares. These architectural material was used in positive. During the construction of Manun-Jae in 1924, it happened the architectural exchage among a korean, a chinese and a japanese constructor. Though using the air exhaust valve at the kitchen of Ukyung-Kak( old Anchae), it could be assume that the modern convenience and the improvement of residential environments was considered at that period during the construction of Manun-Jae. That construction was elected with the brick($222mm{\times}106mm{\times}50mm$), the chinese colored tile and plate glass such a modem materials. The new shape of the korean lattice window and the wooden flash-door with glass was used. In Ukyung-Kak, the Chan-Maru(service space) and the kitchen such as a service space or concise utility zone was organically connected. Especially, considered the domesitic activity and circulation, the western kitchen sink and the Chan-Maru(service space) was rationally placed. At the Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan, the architectural characteristic is that the new shape of windows was used. The lattice window at the Ondol room of Ukyung-Kak, was rgadually added the plate glass and the wood plate. The lattice window with the grid shape at kitchen of that building was adapted japanese grid lattice window in korea at that period. It is the sample that korean traditional house was typically influenced from the japanese resident culture. The Manun-Jae and the Kyungduck-Dan as the modern house kept the form of korean traditional architecture, and was partially adapted a modern characteristic space and modern architectural materials. During the japanese occupancy, these residence can be showed the transition in formally.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2020

This study focused on the composition of the exterior space of Parkjinsagoga, the types of gardens and planting and the landscape characteristics of walls, and examined its meaning as modern garden remains. Parkjinsagoga is a modern Korean house that harmonizes traditionality and practicality, and is an invaluable material for research not only on architecture but also on changes in the gardens of upper-class gardens. Its exterior space can be divided largely into An-chae (inner house), Outer Sarang-chae (outer house) and Inner Sarang-chae areas, and a garden was created in each yard (inner garden). In particular, one thing noticeable is that the yard of Inner Sarang-chae, unlike traditional gardening styles, was actively decorated. At the center of the yard of Inner Sarang-chae, two atypical planters and artificial moundings were created and the traffic line of the garden was designed to enjoy them while walking. An atypical pond was created on one of the artificial moundings and trees and shrubs were densely planted. Natural stones were also placed. The style seemed to be affected by Japanese gardens. These characteristics observed in the gardens of Parkjinsagoga are closely related to the transitional characteristics that traditional gardens started to show in modern times. A total of 35 families and 57 species were planted in the gardens of Parkjinsagoga and there were 19 species of tall trees, 20 species of shrubs and 17 species of flowering plants. The number of species planted in the garden of Inner Sarang-chae was the highest, and a total of 22 species of tall trees and shrubs. The walls in Parkjinsagoga were basically earth and rock-fill walls but their materials and patterns differed depending on the type of spaces. Four types of walls were found to be introduced to the house.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

There are increasing developments and uses of functional building materials are recently developed and introduced to the test method for the materials. Especially, moisture problem has a major role are also being established in indoor air quality problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water vapour adsorption/desorption property of a ceiling material. The variation of the temperature and moisture were measured with the application materials by mock up test based on JIS 1470-1. The result shows that water vapour adsorption/desorption property of ceiling material is appeared in changes of moisture adsorption and desorption in comparison with that of a general ceiling material. Therefore, in case of decreasing and increasing in humidity, these materials can be used as an finishing material to sustain comfort condition.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.175-190
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• 1998

The formation of Chinese Town in Malacca of Malaysia and Singapore would explain that Chinese gradually played an important role of commerce and urban service according to the Western European advance to southeast Asia and the construction of colonial cities from the 16th century to 19th and massed residence in many cites of southeast Asia. Chinese was usually separated from the Western European by western colonial policy and city planning. Common architectural characteristics in Chinese towns of Malaysia can refer to the transmission of the Chinese architectural material, the combination of dwelling and commerce in a house and the space organization centered on a court or an air well in the narrow and long site, lying adjacent to street etc. The Chinese dwellings in Malaysia rooted with Chinese settlement in southeast Asia. The Chinese dwellings was not always a shop on 1th floor and a dwelling on 2nd floor before the 19th century. But as Chinese immigration and commercial activity progressed in earnest in the early of 19th century, the row house of Chinese for dwelling was autonomously changed to two functional shophouse for dwelling and commerce. Chinese row house can refer to the use of Malay regional material, change of symmetrical Chinese traditional housing type by the narrow and long site and the tendency of the eclectic elevation of Western and China. Another architectural characteristics of the shophouse is an appearance of the continuous verandah with a cover regulated by Stamford Raffles in Singapore. This regulation was applied to architecture in Chinese Town as Stamford Raffles constructed Singapore. It was spread to South China reversely and became the regulation of streetscape for the modern city. Shophouse of Chinese towns in Southeast Asia and south China can be understood by context of Chinese immigration, colonialism, housing type of commerce and dwelling and the Western European city planning.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

This study is to investigate the meaning and value of Usonian Automatic House System(UAHS) of Frank Lloyd Wright in his later period, focused on materials, methods, and his thoughts. The results of this study are follows. UAHS was the outcome of moderate cost and prefab house which Wright had successively attempted after the early Prairie period. The construction was simple and comparatively cheap, but subsequent automatics were difficult and expensive to build. Nevertheless, it was sufficiently flexible to support a rather wide range of house designs. Concrete was the inert mass and a plastic material. Wright saw a kind of weaving coming out of it. He also saw a kind of concrete masonry, steel for warp and masonry units for woof in the automatic concrete block. The reinforced bars in hollowed joints of concrete block increased the safety factor and affected the expression of the construction through the stabilization they provided. But they did not give concrete block the capability of structural span. Standardization as the soul of the machine might be seen in UAHS. The concrete blocks were more cheap, lighter, and larger hollowed plain than textile blocks in 1920s. But the variety of pattern and different block types in the UAHS were achieved at some sacrifice of standardization. The repetitive nature of production was compromised for artistic goals. The sense of compromise was not maximized, however, because the units as installed looked far more repetitive than they actually were.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2006

국내에서 구입이 용이한 단일충전재(부숙수피, 펄라이트)와 혼합충전재(부숙수피와 펄라이트의 부피비 7:3)에 암모니아 산화균 Rhodococcus equi A3와 황 산화균 Alcaligenes sp. S5-5.2를 접종한 후, 양압식 상향류식의 lab-scale 바이오필터에 각각의 충전재를 충전하여 암모니아 및 황화수소에 대한 악취가스 제거 성능을 평가 한 결과, 혼합충전재가 단일 충전재에 비하여 악취제거 성능이 우수한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 암모니아의 경우 $180.0{\pm}20.0mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도로 유입되는 상황에서 $70.0{\pm}0.8mg\;L^{-1}$로 배출되어 제거율이 96.1%이었으며, 그리고 황화수소의 경우 $11.0{\pm}5.0mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도로 유입되는 상황에서 $1.0{\pm}0.4mg\;L^{-1}$로 배출되어 제거율이 91.1%이었다. 또한 이때의 미생물 생균수는 실험기간 동안 접종 초기 미생물 생균수와 거의 같게 유지되었다. 따라서 부숙수피와 펄라이트를 혼합하여 만든 혼합충전재의 악취제거 성능이 우수하고 가격이 저렴한 것을 고려해 볼 때, 혼합충전재가 기존의 다른 충전재보다 대규모 축산농가에서 현실적으로 이용하는데 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

In this study, I investigate the formation process of the American presbyterian missionary architecture in Cheong Ju area from 1900 to 1945, which we may think 'the part of Korean modern architecture'. I have examined and analyzed the 18 buildings for the sake of the interpretation with the words of formation process and characteristics . And I can put my idea in order as follows. Firstly, the formation process is 1) buy and modify a Korean style (thatch or tile roofed) building for their need and use it as a gate quaters or house, church, hospital, school, book store, 2) build a Korean style (tile roofed) building and use it-house, hospital, school, 3) build a Western style (timber structured and zinc roofed) building and use it- church, 4) build a Western style (masonry structured and tile or zinc roofed) building and use ithouse, church, school and hospital. Secondly, the characteristics is 1) In the Korean style building, the missionaries change into the function to match with their purpose. they modify the Korean style timber structure by influx of building material-brick, glass, carpet etc. they occupy into the Korean existing residential area. 2) In the Western style building, the missionaries build the house correspond with their living pattern. they build the church with the eclectic of Western and Korean timber frame. and also build the house and hospital with the eclectic of Western and Korean masonry structure. their building located in the isolate hill separated from the existing Korean residential area.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2011

Korea's traditional house type, the Hanok, has been the essence of Korean domestic culture for hundreds of years. However, Hanok, have begun to disappear as result of urbanization. Because mud walls are crude and weak in water walls are also easily broken by impact. There are further problems in that construction cost is expensive and takes more time than modern house construction, and that the maintenance of Hanok is more difficult than people sometimes predict. Despite much interest in Hanok construction, there is a lack of in younger generation. Thus seeking new ways of maintaining Korea's traditional housing culture and extending Korean traditional houses is important. This study proposes directions for creating new residential environments for the future generation of Korea. A Dry-wall alternative to the Korean traditional mud wall is particularly needed. Dry-walling, made by sustainable materials such as mud board and wood, can strengthen the advantages and make up for the weaknesses of the Korea traditional mud wall. In this study, both wall types underwent various evaluations in terms of their performance in insulation testing, freezing and thawing testing, impacting testing and weight measuring (the size of material in this experiment was $69cm{\times}105cm$). On all of these tests, findings revealed that the dry-wall alternative performed better than traditional mud wall.