• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.263-275
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• 1992

This study intends to provide strategic positioning of brand image analysed from the view point of perceptual dimensions of clothing consumers. Consumers are segmented on the basis of the attributes of brand image, and in each segment, perceptual map is composed according to multidimensional scaling. The results are as follows; 1. According to the Benefit Segmentation, it is statistically significant that the consumers are divided into 'product-factor oriented group 'and' image-factor oriented group'. 2. From the analysis of perceptual map upon the 'similarity of brand image,'image-factor oriented group 'perceives more differently than 'product-factor oriented group' 3. From the analysis of perceptual map with the evaluation of attributes of brand image, price, promotion and design are significant determinants in 'total consumer group'. In addition, store image is significant determinant in' image-factor oriented group' and quality is significant determinant in' product-factor oriented group'. According to the evaluation of consumers on 8 brands with determining attribute-vector, ranks of brands in each segment are similar in the vector of price and promotion but different in the vector of design between segment groups. 4. From the analysis of perceptual map upon the preference of brand image, the distribution of preference and position of ideal point are different between segment groups. 5. With evaluation of purchase habit, statistically significant differences are found between groups segmented in the degree of importance of attributes, purchasing motive, purchasing time, sources of information and expenses for clothes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.58-71
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• 2008

The demand for personalized products and service of apparel product has increased dramatically. In order to acquire a personalized apparel product, consumers may have to sacrifice more expense or time. The purpose of this study was to investigate various personalization strategies in apparel business and to identify antecedents that influence the process. Clothing involvement and two price related variables (clothing expense and willingness to pay more) were included in the study as antecedents. Four personalization strategies were included in the study: design selection, size customization, in-store service and promotion personalization. For an empirical study, a conceptual model was designed and research questionnaire was developed. A measure of personalization of apparel shopping was developed based on existing scale items of prior research and a pilot study. Data from 766 men and women in their twenties to forties were used for statistical analysis. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the data analysis. Results indicated that the conceptual model was a good fit to data. Structural paths indicated that there was significant influence of clothing involvement on design selection and sales promotion personalization strategies. Involved consumers spent more on chothing products and were likely to pay more on personalized products and services. Monthly clothing expense influenced size customization significantly. It also had negative influence on service related personalization strategies. Consumers were willing to pay more when it comes to product related personalization strategies such as design and size but not necessarily to service related strategies. This study was an attempt to provide an in-depth and synthesized approach on consumer attitudes toward personalization of apparel products.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.121-140
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• 2006

This study has explored a number of problems arising from distribution restrictions and the ways to improve efficiency. As matters stand, since the cooperation between larger stores and local retailers is limited due to the nature of the market, the current situations call for bottom up restrictions such as the active promotion of smaller merchants and traditional marketplaces, the enhancement of the competitiveness of smaller merchants and manufacturers through the establishment of a customized consulting support program for individual shops, and the continual support for traditional marketplaces with facilities and management modernization. The government should maintain the optimal balance between the efficiency and effectiveness of the distribution industry through such bottom up restrictions as shown above, rather than the top down restrictions primarily relying on the hurdles to the establishment of stores. The problems raised in this study include: (i) the decline of traditional marketplaces and the alleged over saturation of stores; (ii) the possible abuse of indiscreet restrictive measures; (iii) the harmful effects of the monopoly or oligopoly by larger distributors; and (iv) the lack of systematic programs to promote development. The ways to improve efficiency are: (i) the establishment of the policies to specialize and nurture traditional marketplaces; (ii) the effort to prevent the injury arising from monopoly; (iii) the two tire strategies for the coexistence of larger and smaller businesses; and (iv) the administration of joint sales promotion and training.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.520-531
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• 2018

Aim of this study is to investigate the perception and purchasing status of functional beverages for adults in the Chungnam area. In this case, the reasons to buy the functional beverages for men were 'recovery of fatigue (43.1%)', 'quenching thirst (21.6%)', 'health promotion (19.6%)', 'supply of nutrition (15%)', and 'a loss in weight (7%)'. Otherwise the reasons to buy the functional beverage for women showed to be 'recovery of fatigue (28.6%)', 'health promotion (26.4%)', 'quenching thirst (22.1%)', 'supply of nutrition (12.9%)', and 'a loss in weight (10%)', which were significant different between the men and women subjects. The place to buy functional beverages was for singles (46.5%) a store and for married person a supermarket. The purchase of functional beverages was affected by as follows; manufactured date > original granule > nutrition sign > country > price > taste > brand > scent > color and the women are affected more than men. For functional beverages, the men preferred to buy an energy drink and vitamin drink more than the women. After the intake of functional beverages, the men and women recognized the effect on 'recovery of fatigue' and 'a loss of weight/release of a feeling of hunger/improvement of constipation', respectively. Considering the results of the study, it is necessary to clarify the function of functional beverages so that consumers can choose and take the correct functional beverage by themselves. In addition, the nutritional education should be conducted for the intake allowance for the compositions and excessive or inadequate intake of functional beverages.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.93-105
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• 2010

Objective : Recently the number of health functional food (HFF) made with Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) herbs have been increasing. However, there was a lack of the functional and safety information on HFF. Thus, this study was performed to investigate perceptions and consumptions of the HFF in Daegu area. Method : We used the data of 'Survey in Daegu' in 2010 and analyzed characteristics of perceptions and intake conditions of HFF of 1,208 participated inhabitants. Result : Among the 1,208 respondents, 30.4% were male and 63.5% were female. Most respondents (69.3%) were between 30's and 50's decade. The recognition rate of HFF made with TKM herb appeared to 86.2%. The major route of acquiring HFF information was 'mass-media' (49.8%) ; the primary reason of using HFF was 'For health promotion and anti-aging' (69.2%). On the other hand, the recognition rate of adverse effects was 53.3%. As for intake effect, 41.5% were satisfied at HFF consumption, while 56.0% did not feel special effects through the HFF consumption. In regards to purchase place, 'HFF store' was most selected by 38.0%. 69.1% of respondents selected to TKM decoction, the reason is that it made according to TKM physician's diagnosis considered their health condition. Conclusion : HFF intake was purpose to health promotion, but HFF made with TKM was consumed without any information about that. In order that HFF be used properly to promote health, the scientific and reasonable information of HFF made with TKM herb is need for consumers.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.369-381
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• 2011

Ginseng in Korea has not only the big production value but also till a good reputation from overseas in the name of 'Korea Ginseng'. Having spread rapidly nationwide from 2000 year, its production keeps on increasing but its consumption becomes lazy and its price is also falling down because of comsumer's concern about mainly overusing pesticide for ginseng. In order to cope with this problem, the government introduced the GAP certification system to ginseng in 2006 to reflect consumer's needs for food safety. This system will be a good opportunity to promote ginseng consumption dramatically. In this aspect it is very important to know how well this system is established and how ginseng farmers build marketing strategies to draw new wind in the market. This study was carried out to look over the GAP certified ginseng system and show its marketing strategies using 4P's(product, place, promotion and price). The main results are as follows. GAP ginseng system currently has some weaknesses such as lack of systematic certification management and after-service, nonrealistic certification fee and poor linkage from production to consumption. In the marketing mix strategies, product strategy suggests that the most desirable appearance be transplanted ginseng filled with branch roots and 4 to 5 year-ginseng, and it is necessary to choose multi-brand strategy divided for present into for self-sufficiency and family brand strategy by use if its brand enlarges to processed products in the future. In the place strategy, 3 stages like 'producer group' - 'GAP certified facility' - 'sales shop' are based as the physical marketing channel according to traceability, and connected with giant retail market and environment friendly stand, and if its sales volume enlarges, it should be considered the GAP ginseng specialized marketplace which is a type of chain store. In the promotion strategy, the promotion of government level is necessary at first and producer alliances require the promotion targeting at the group of women under 40 with differentiation from price, quality, and safety. In the price strategy, the early stage-high price strategy which sets 20~25% higher for self-sufficiency and 30~35% for present is desirable.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.513-525
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• 2000

This study was to investigate medication management and the level of awareness about separation of prescribing and dispending at small-to-medium sized workplaces which have less than 300 employees in Korea. The data were collected by questionnaires from May to June in 2000. The number of subjects were 127 workplaces and 130 employees. The SAS PC Program was used for the descriptive statistics. The results are as follows; 1. The over the counter(OTC) drug was provided sufficiently(91.1 %). but medication management was not performed systematically. 2. On drug-providing rate and drug-using rate, the latter was high in the workplace and Health care management's nurses consume all of the over the counter drug provided. 3. When the separation of prescribing and dispending starts, employees shall be medically examined, treated and prescribed by physicians and drugs shall be dispended by pharmacists. It is necessary to make it possible to visit health care institutions whenever they want to. (eg. lunch time or after work) They should change their drug-dependent behaviour. We should focus on strengthening Health Promotion Program to prevent disease by making habitual of health promotion behaviour.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

This study tried to analyze the growth background of Starbucks, a competitive company in the Korean coffee industry. Therefore, by using the STEEP analysis technique, each company's competitiveness was analyzed and the results were used to derive competitive factors. And the research results are as follows. Looking at the social aspect, economic activity has been a catalyst for women as the standard of living has increased due to economic growth. In addition, in the case of coffee culture in the past, Starbucks' response strategy, which has seen the transformation from vending machine mixed coffee culture to a consumer market that emphasizes cultural and spatial aspects, was effective. Looking at the technical aspect, the deviation has been reduced by securing uniform standardization of the taste of coffee beans at franchise stores, and the operation of a standardized operating system was possible by operating the store directly. And looking at the economic aspect, as the coffee consumption market continues to expand, the overall size of the market has also grown proportionally, creating a stable growth environment. Lastly, looking at the environmental and policy aspects, it is that the marketing strategy direction based on the policy activities as an eco-friendly company as a market leader has been the main focus of the recent policy direction emphasizing eco-friendliness.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.256-267
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• 2013

This study is a case study that drew efficient HMR sales promotions and verified their applications to business. An analysis of customer needs for HMR products in discount stores showed that diverse menu was ranked 1st with 29.1%, followed by packaging with 23.6%, price with 22%, menu information with 14.2%, and quality of food with 11.0%.. Main results of this study are indicated below. First, there were significant differences in sales before (3,932,313 won, a daily average 187,253 won) and after (4,840,063 won, a daily average 230,479 won) packaging improvement. Second, there were significant differences in sales of salad products before (4,627,508 won, a daily average 220,356 won) and after (5,238,365 won, a daily average 249,446 won) information improvement. The implications of this study are shown as follows. From a theoretical perspective, this study identified the sales promotion methods of HMR products through direct observation, interviews, and a survey to the customers who visited the stores. From a practical standpoint, this study measured the effects of theoretically confirmed sales promotion methods such as packaging, menu information, and diverse menu by analyzing the change in sales resulting from application of these methods at HMR business in discount stores.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2018

This study analyzes the contribution of hanok that construction in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Korea by calculating the carbon storage of hanoks and comparing it to different housing types in Korea. The hanok is a traditional Korean house. And it were first designed and built in the $14^{th}$ century during thd Joseon Dynasty. According to our results, the number of hanoks in 2016 was approximately 547,085 which was accounting for 7.8% of the total construction market, This study found Gyeongbuk with 95,083, Jeonnam with 88,981, Gyeongnam with 76,388 and Seoul with 43,519 hanoks. According to the GHG Inventory Report for 2016, Korea's total annual GHG emissions amounted to 650 million $tCO_2$, with the carbon stocks in hanoks amounting to 19.2 million $tCO_2$. This accounts for 2.8% of Korea's total GHG emissions and 46.1% of the carbon absorbed by forests. Our results show that hanoks store four times more carbon than light-frame-wood-houses, and 15 times more carbon than concrete-reinforced and steel-frame houses. The main factors causing the hanok industry slowdown are the high construction costs, lack of government support, and insufficient knowledge of hanok architecture. Therefore, to further increase the carbon stock of hanok, more research is needed to improve the technical use of wood and reduce construction of the hanok and prepare legal and institutional arrangements related to hanok industry.