• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.492-501
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• 2001

The use of alginate impression materials today is prevalent because of its efficiency and simplicity in clinical settings. Unfortunately, the simplicity of the procedure tends to lull the dentist into a sense of well-being, and lead him into using careless or sloppy technique. Alginate impression materials are used to fabricate diagnostic and preliminary casts, and the final cast. Incorrect use of this material is known to affect the accuracy of the final prosthesis. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different mixing methods of alginate impression material and tray adhesive on the accuracy of the stone cast produced by each method. A total of 30 stone casts were produced by using 3 different types of mixing methods (10 stone cast for each mixing method, respectively). The first method utilized an automatic-mixing machine to mix alginate while the second method was carried out manually, strictly following manufacturer's instructions. The third method also involved manual mixing, but did not follow the manufacturer's instructions and was done in a random fashion. Also, 20 additional stone casts were produced by using alginate with or without tray adhesives were included in the study to evaluate effects of tray adhesives on the accuracy of alginate impression. 10 stone casts were produced by adding tray adhesives to the interior surface of the impression tray prior to taking the impression. The other 10 excluded this step. A total of 50 stone casts were analyzed by the three-dimensional measuring machine to measure and compare the dimensional changes of the impression material of each group. The results are as follows. 1. No significant difference was found between the automatic mixing group and the manually-mixing group(p>0.05). 2. For the group that followed manufacturer's instructions, less dimensional changes were record ed than the group that didn't in measuring distanced 4(p<0.05). 3. The group that used tray adhesives showed less dimensional changes(p<0.05). The findings revealed that mechanical methods of mixing alginate impression materials had little influence on dimensional changes. However, it is proven that following manufacturers instructions in alginate impression taking is an important step in acquiring accurate impressions and tray adhesives may play an important role in enhancing the results.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

총의치 환자의 치료 시 인상 채득 과정은 의치의 지지, 유지, 그리고 안정을 위해 매우 중요하며, 의치의 성공여부를 좌우한다. 총의치 인상 채득을 위한 여러 가지 재료와 방법들이 이용되어 왔으며, 그 중 조직 양화재 (tissue conditioner)를 이용한 동적 인상법 (dynamic impression method)은 보다 생리적이고 기능적인 방법이다. 본 증례들에서는 무치악 환자에서 조직 양화재인 Coe-comfort$^{(R)}$ (GC America, IL, USA)를 이용한 동적 인상법으로 변형된 연조직의 회복과 하께 가장 생리적인 상태로 인상을 채득하여 의치의 제작 및 첨상을 시행하였으며, 만족스런 결과를 얻었다.

• 트랜스-
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• 제5권
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• pp.65-82
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• 2018

장예모 감독의 작품 <인상유삼저>가 기존의 공연들과 차별화되는 가장 큰 특징은 무대공간의 활용에 있다. 인상시리즈의 무대는 세트장과 대자연과 결합하여 전통적인 무대공연양식에서 탈피하여 자연환경을 무대배경으로 완성하였다. 또한 자신만의 특색 있는 미적 감각과 자연공간을 조화시켜 해당 지역문화의 특색을 반영해 내었다. <인상유삼저>는 실제 자연경관을 배경으로 하는 단순한 산수공연이 아니라 자연적인 색채와 공간이 조화를 이루어 나타내는 인간과 자연사이의 친환경적 개념에서 비롯되어 해당 지역사회의 문화산업적 요소를 홍보하는 기능으로 작용하기도 하였다. 본 연구는 문화인류학자 홀의 프록세믹스(proxemics) 개념과 친환경적 측면에서 <인상유삼저>를 분석하였다. <인상유삼저>는 자연환경을 배경으로 하는 실경산수공연의 형식으로 연출하며 해당 지역사회의 문화와 자연적 특성을 최대한 보존하는 동시에 현지문화산업의 홍보측면에도 기여하였다. <인상유삼저>는 실경산수공연으로서 인간과 자연을 성공적으로 융합하여 환경을 보존하였다는 데에도 의의를 갖고 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.301-312
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of currently used elastomeric impression materials for complete arch impression taking. Five elastomers (Impregum, Permlastic, Express, Extrude, Examix) and one Irreversible hydrocolloid (Aroma-fine) were tested. For each material, 5 impressions were made of stainless steel model to which five tapered posts were attached. Custom trays were used for polyether and polysulfide impression materials, and putty/wash two step technique was used for addition polyvinylsiloxane impression materials. Improved stone mod els were poured to all impressions. Accuracy of the materials was assessed by measuring ten distances on stone dies poured from impressions of the master model. All measurements for master and improved stone models were made with three dimensional measuring machine. The results were as follows 1. The dimensional accuracy of polyether, extrude, and examix were significantly superior to poly-sulfide, exress, and alginate in reproducing full arch mode (p<0.05) 2. There were no statistical differences in dimensional accuracy for full arch impression between polyether extrude and examix (p>0.05). 3. there were no statistical differences in dimensional accuracy between polysulfide, express, and alginate(p>0.05). 4. There were no statistical differences between addition polyvinyl siloxane materials (p>0.05) 5. There were no statistical differences between anterior-posterior and lateral dimensional changes of all impression materials (p>0.05).

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.238-247
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• 2004

Statement of problem: Major objective in making on implant-supported prosthesis is the production of superstructure that exhibits a passive fit when connected to multiple abutments. One requirement to ensure passive fit is to make an accurate impression. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of master cast fabricated by using different impression methods at the different impression levels. Material and method: The master model used in this study was resin block having low implant analogs. Impression method studied were 1) direct method on fxiture level (Group FIX-D), 2) indirect method on fixture level(Group FIX-I), 3) modified indirect method on fixture level(Group FIX-M), 4) direct method on abutment level(Group AB-D) and 5) indirect method on abutment level(Group AB-I). Each of the five groups took 10 impressions. Fifty impressions were made for master cast by using Impregum $F^{(R)}$ impression material loaded on individual tray. Three dimensional measuring microscope was used to measure the inter-implant distance. Error rate of each inter-implant distance were calculated and evaluated. Results : The results were as follows. 1. Group FIX exhibited higher accuracy than group AB. 2. In group FIX, modified indirect method showed the highest accuracy, while indirect method showed the lowest accuracy. In group Ab, indirect method showed the higher accuracy than direct method. 3. Group FIX showed larger horizontal error than group AB. But, group AB showed the larger vertical error than group FIX. 4. Group Fix-M showed smallest vertical and horizontal error. Conclusion: An impression method have more effect on accuracy of master model than an impression level. A modified indirect method showed smallest vertical and horizontal error.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1012-1024
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of color, shirt tone, tie tone, perceiver's gender on impression formation by applying tone on tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 32 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). We unified those colors of shirts and neckties same, then made shirt and necktie tone differently. 27 bi-polar adjectives, each of which was graded into seven in its degree, were used to evaluate the impression. The subjects of this research were 192 male and 192 female college students in Gyeongnam province including Jinju City. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were four-way ANOVA. The items of the adjectives were classified into 5 impression dimension. - potency, activity, attractiveness, visibility and tenderness. Color, shirt tone, tie tone, and perceiver gender influenced on 5 impression formation by interaction as well as independently. Blue tie with vivid, light or dull tone had an effect on the formation of potency impression, vivid or light tone of shirt affected activity regardless of color or tie tone. As shirt and tie had different tone, effect on the formation of attractiveness impression, light tone had a negative effect on visibility but positive effect on tenderness. red color were more effective than blue expressed on visibility and tenderness in shirt or tie.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2010

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the implant master cast according to the type (pick-up, transfer) and the length (long, short) of the impression copings. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The metal master cast was fabricated with three internal connection type implant analogs (Osstem GS III analog), embedded parallel and with $10^{\circ}$ of mesial angulation to the center analog. Four types of impression coping were prepared with different combinations of types (transfer, pick-up) and lengths (long, short) of the coping. The impressions were made using vinyl polysiloxane (one step, heavy + light body) with an individual tray, and 10 impressions were made for each group. Eventually, 40 experimental casts were produced. Then, the difference in the distance between the master cast and the experimental cast were measured, and the error rate was determined. The analysis of variance was performed using the SPSS (v 12.0) program (${\alpha}$= .05), and the statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS. The ANOVA showed that the pick-up type impression coping exhibited a significantly lower error rate than the transfer type. However, no significant difference was observed with respect to the length of the impression coping. Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the parallel and mesial angulated groups. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of this study, the pick-up type impression coping exhibited a more accurate implant master cast than the transfer type in parallel group. The accuracy of the implant master cast did not differ for different lengths of impression coping of at least 11 mm. Additionally, the accuracy of the implant cast was not different for the parallel and $10^{\circ}$ mesial angulated groups.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2017

PURPOSE. To compare the dimensional accuracy of three impression techniques- a separating foil impression, a custom tray impression, and a stock tray impression. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A machined mandibular complete-arch metal model with special modifications served as a master cast. Three different impression techniques (n = 6 in each group) were performed with addition-cured silicon materials: i) putty-wash technique with a prefabricated metal tray (MET) using putty and regular body, ii) single-phase impression with custom tray (CUS) using regular body material, and iii) two-stage technique with stock metal tray (SEP) using putty with a separating foil and regular body material. All impressions were poured with epoxy resin. Six different distances (four intra-abutment and two inter-abutment distances) were gauged on the metal master model and on the casts with a microscope in combination with calibrated measuring software. The differences of the evaluated distances between the reference and the three test groups were calculated and expressed as mean (${\pm}SD$). Additionally, the 95% confidence intervals were calculated and significant differences between the experimental groups were assumed when confidence intervals did not overlap. RESULTS. Dimensional changes compared to reference values varied between -74.01 and $32.57{\mu}m$ (MET), -78.86 and 30.84 (CUS), and between -92.20 and 30.98 (SEP). For the intra-abutment distances, no significant differences among the experimental groups were detected. CUS showed a significantly higher dimensional accuracy for the inter-abutment distances with -0.02 and -0.08 percentage deviation compared to MET and SEP. CONCLUSION. The separation foil technique is a simple alternative to the custom tray technique for single tooth restorations, while limitations may exist for extended restorations with multiple abutment teeth.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2021

Objectives: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital deformities with worldwide prevalence. It causes a range of issues for infants that mainly involve difficulty in feeding due to abnormal oronasal communication. For this purpose, feeding plates are provided to infants to act as an artificial palate to aid in feeding. The most crucial procedure in fabrication of a feeding plate is creation of the impression using the traditional finger technique or impression trays. This preliminary research aims to compare the effectiveness of novel impression trays with that of the traditional finger technique for recording impressions of infants with CLP. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted among 30 infants who were divided into two groups based on the method of obtaining impressions: Group I, finger technique; Group II, specialized acrylic tray (cleftray). Results: Use of cleftray required less impression time, a reduced amount of material, no incidence of cyanosis/choking in infants, and lower anxiety among doctors compared to the traditional method. Additionally, there was no distortion of cleft impressions, recorded maxillary tuberosity, or other fine details. Therefore, the novel impression tray (cleftray) exhibited superior outcomes in all the parameters compared to the finger technique. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that impression trays are superior to the traditional finger, spoon, or ice cream stick methods of creating impressions of CLP. However, it is necessary to conduct more clinical trials on a larger population based on other parameters to compare the effectiveness of the two techniques to draw definitive conclusions.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal misfits of three-unit frameworks fabricated with conventional and digital impressions techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty brass canine and second premolar abutment preparations were fabricated by using a computer numerical control machine and were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10) as follows: conventional impression group (Group Ci), Cerec Omnicam (Group Cdi), and 3shape TRIOS-3 (Group Tdi) digital impression groups. The laser-sintered metal frameworks were designed and fabricated with conventional and digital impressions. The marginal adaptation was assessed with a stereomicroscope at ${\times}30$ magnification. The data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variances (ANOVAs) and the independent simple t tests. RESULTS. A statistically significant difference was found between the frameworks fabricated by conventional methods and those fabricated by digital impression methods. Multiple comparison results revealed that the frameworks in Group Ci (average, $98.8{\pm}16.43{\mu}m$; canine, $93.59{\pm}16.82{\mu}m$; premolar, $104.10{\pm}15.02{\mu}m$) had larger marginal misfit values than those in Group Cdi (average, $63.78{\pm}14.05{\mu}m$; canine, $62.73{\pm}13.71{\mu}m$; premolar, $64.84{\pm}15.06{\mu}m$) and Group Tdi (average, $65.14{\pm}18.05{\mu}m$; canine, $70.64{\pm}19.02{\mu}m$; premolar, $59.64{\pm}16.10{\mu}m$) (P=.000 for average; P=.001 for canine; P<.001 for premolar). No statistical difference was found between the marginal misfits of canine and premolar abutment teeth within the same groups (P>.05). CONCLUSION. The three-unit frameworks fabricated with digital impression techniques showed better marginal fit compared to conventional impression techniques. All marginal misfit values were clinically acceptable.