• 대한한의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1999

Okbyungpoongsan(OBPS) has long been known to have anti-allergic effect. In order to evaluate the influence on innate and specific immune response, the effects of OBPS on vascular permeability. hypersensitivities and phagocytic functions were measured. As the results, OBPS increased phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo. But OBPS depressed formation of reactive oxygen intermediates(ROI) in vitro and in vivo, while the drug enhanced generation macrophages. Foot pad swelling in the mouse and contact hypersensitivity against dinitroflouorobenzene were decreased. OBPS had no effect on NK cells. But OBPS decreased vascular permeability induced by histamine without statistical significance. These results demonstrate that OBPS suppresses hypersensitivity reactions without affecting phagocytic functions and formation of ROI from macrophages. It also means that OBPS acts as a effective inducer to synthesis of nitric oxide which is effective for the infectious disease while it does damage to tissue less as it suppresses ROI, So we can conclude that OBPS could be used for the treatment of the disease related with immune function.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.12.1-12.17
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• 2023

Ssu72, a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, not only participates in transcription biogenesis, but also affects pathophysiological functions in a tissue-specific manner. Recently, it has been shown that Ssu72 is required for T cell differentiation and function by controlling multiple immune receptor-mediated signals, including TCR and several cytokine receptor signaling pathways. Ssu72 deficiency in T cells is associated with impaired fine-tuning of receptor-mediated signaling and a defect in CD4⁺ T cell homeostasis, resulting in immune-mediated diseases. However, the mechanism by which Ssu72 in T cells integrates the pathophysiology of multiple immune-mediated diseases is still poorly elucidated. In this review, we will focus on the immunoregulatory mechanism of Ssu72 phosphatase in CD4⁺ T cell differentiation, activation, and phenotypic function. We will also discuss the current understanding of the correlation between Ssu72 in T cells and pathological functions which suggests that Ssu72 might be a therapeutic target in autoimmune disorders and other diseases.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.498-502
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• 2010

The immune system may play an important role in aging and the changes in the immune status are associated with treatment of various immunomodulators. This study examined the effects of $\beta$-glucans isolated from mushroom fungi, Coriolus versicolor on macrophages functions in young (8-weeks-old) and aged (82-weeks-old) male C57BL/6 mice. When peritoneal macrophages were treated with various concentrations of $\beta$-glucan ($1-100\;{\mu}g/ml$) for 24 hrs, tumoricidal activity, NO production and phagocytic activity were significantly increased in the young mice, whereas there are no effects in the aged mice. These results suggest that $\beta$-glucans has differential effects on the macrophage functions in young and aged mice and age nutrition might need to be considered to select proper immunomodulator. In addition, $\beta$-glucan could be used clinically for the treatment of diseases such as cancer therapy in the young.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2010

Background : The human being and the bacteria have accomplished a balance and have coexisted each other during long time. Probiotics have evolved with the human host to exist and the result they have operated profitably to human host. So it requires that the functions of probiotics are expounded in view of Traditional Korean Medicine. Aim : Suggest the functions of probiotics in view of Traditional Korean Medicine. Method : The author's research has been performed to review the related references. Results : Probiotics assist the absorption of the lactose, proteins and minerals and product several kinds of vitamins, organic acids. Probiotics suppresses the growth of noxious bacteria and the production of harmful substances or gases. They absorbed and discharge the bile acid, and thus help us maintain the optimal level of blood cholesterol concentration. They can reinforce the immune response of the mucous membrane and control the hypersensitivity immune reaction such as asthma, atopy on the other hand. Probiotics have right functions as above and so can be applied widely in treatment of various disease and symptom. Conclusion : Considering the functions of probiotics in view of Traditional Korean Medicine, they participate in our spleen-earth-system (digestion and synthesis) and liver-wood-system (regulation of digestion, metabolism, internal secretion etc.), assist the function of lung-metal system(respiration and regulation of water metabolism) and regulate wi-chi (reinforce/control immune system). Consequently, hereafter there would be a necessity of control a circumstance in treatment of various diseases under these categories that probiotics should be able to do their right functions inside the human body.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.150-160
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• 2015

We previously reported that 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) accelerates hematopoiesis and has an improving effect on animal disease models such as sepsis and asthma. The effects of PLAG supplementation on immune modulation were assessed in healthy men and women. The objective was to evaluate the effects of PLAG supplementation on immune regulatory functions such as activities of immune cells and cytokine production. A randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-five participants were assigned to one of two groups; all participants had an appropriate number of white blood cells on the testing day. The PLAG group (n=27) received oral PLAG supplements and the control group (n=22) received oral soybean oil supplements. IL-4 and IL-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were lower (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) with PLAG than with soybean oil. However, the production of IL-2 and IFN-$\gamma$ by PBMC was unaltered with PLAG supplementation. The B cell proliferation decreased significantly in the PLAG group compared to the soybean oil control (p<0.05). The intake of PLAG in healthy adults for 4 weeks was deemed safe. These data suggest that PLAG has an immunomodulatory function that inhibits the excessive immune activity of immunological disorders such as atopic and autoimmune diseases. PLAG could improve the condition of these diseases safely as a health food supplement.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.2278-2282
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• 2003

In this paper the structure of 2-DOF controller based on artificial immune network algorithms has been suggested for nonlinear system. Up to present time, a number of structures of the 2-DOF controllers are considered as 2-DOF (2-Degrees Of Freedom) control functions. However, a general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the state feedback or the modification of PID controllers. On the other hand, the immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, also it has an adaptive function by feed back law to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation, since antibody recognizes specific antigens which are the foreign substances that invade living creatures. Therefore, it can provide optimal solution to external environment. Simulation results by immune based 2-DOF controller reveal that immune algorithm is an effective approach to search for 2-DOF controller.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1531-1536
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• 2003

In this paper the structure of 2-DOF controller based on artificial immune network algorithms has been suggested for nonlinear system. Up to present time, a number of structures of the 2-DOF controllers are considered as 2-DOF (2-Degrees Of Freedom) control functions. However, A general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the state feedback or the modification of PID controllers. On the other hand, The immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, also it has an adaptive function by feed back law to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation, since antibody recognizes specific antigens which are the foreign substances that invade living creatures. Therefore, it can provide optimal solution to external environment. Simulation results by immune based 2-DOF controller reveal that immune algorithm is an effective approach to search for 2-DOF controller.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2017

To elucidate new biological ingredients in cold-brew coffee extracted with cold water, crude polysaccharide (CCP-0) was isolated by ethanol precipitation, and its immune-stimulating activities were assayed. CCP-0 mainly comprised galactose (53.6%), mannose (15.7%), arabinose (11.9%), and uronic acid (12.4%), suggesting that it might exist as a mixture of galactomannan and arabinogalactan. CCP-0 significantly increased cell proliferation on both murine peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes in a dose dependent manner. CCP-0 also significantly augmented nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production by murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, macrophages stimulated by CCP-0 enhanced production of various cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12. In an in vitro assay for intestinal immune-modulating activity, CCP-0 showed higher bone-marrow cell-proliferation activity through Peyer's patch cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ than the negative control. These results suggest that CCP-0 may potentially enhance macrophage functions and the intestinal immune system.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2008

Objective :Ginseng is one of the most popular Oriental medicinal plants considered as a tonic worldwide. This study aimed to produce comprehensive understanding for immune-related pharmaceutical activities of Ginseng. Methods: We surveyed all literatures, 168 of immunity-focused papers with Ginseng in Pub-med, and analyzed pharmaceutical characters according to immune elements and Ginseng components. Results : The main functions of Ginseng have been associated with modulation of immunity. Whole body of Ginseng or its ingredients differently show the effects on both cellular and humoral elements of immune system. Ginseng enhances the activities of T and B lymphocytes, NK cells, macrophages and dendritic cells whileas suppresses mast cell-associated allergy and release of histamine. Conclusion : These results will provide Korean doctors or scientists an immune-related overview of Ginseng, and help them in clinical applications and developments of Korean Ginseng as a global competitive drug in world market.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.388-394
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• 2023

Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in numerous cellular physiological processes. In the skin, NO is produced by keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells and is involved in skin functions such as vasodilation, pigmentation, hair growth, wound healing, and immune responses. NO modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses. As a signaling molecule and cytotoxic effector, NO influences the function of immune cells and production of cytokines. NO is a key mediator that protects against or contributes to skin inflammation. Moreover, NO has been implicated in skin sensitization, a process underlying contact dermatitis. It modulates the function of dendritic cells and T cells, thereby affecting the immune response to allergens. NO also plays a role in contact dermatitis by inducing inflammation and tissue damage. NO-related chemicals, such as nitrofatty acids and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, have potential therapeutic applications in skin conditions, including allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). Further research is required to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential of NO-related chemicals and develop personalized treatment strategies for skin conditions.