• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.99-103
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• 2008

Recently, the mRFID which combines RFID system a mobile uses infra of mobile communication and it provides object information service with the form which is various. Currently, many object information service system exists. But such system object information is by a service box and becomes the inclusion in specific territory and connection it does from different territory, there is a difficult problem point. It secured the weak point of object information service system of existing from the dissertation which it sees and the object information service system which is suitable in application development of the mRFID it embodied.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.70-76
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• 1984

In this paper, a functional m-redundant system, which is m-fault tolerant, is defined based on the graph-theory. This system is designed to be t(t$\geq$m) fault-diagnosable by comparing its unit's outcomes without additive test functions, so, the system down for diagnosis is not needed. The diagnostic model for this system is presented. It is to avail the redundancy of the system effectively. It is shown that this model can be converted into Preparata's model. Thus, the diagnostic characteristics of a functional m-redundant system is analyzed by the method originated by Preparata et al.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.797-811
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• 2024

In this paper, we define the torsion graph determined by equivalence classes of torsion elements and denote it by A_E(M). The vertex set of A_E(M) is the set of equivalence classes {[x] | x ∈ T(M)^*}, where two torsion elements x, y ∈ T(M)^* are equivalent if ann(x) = ann(y). Also, two distinct classes [x] and [y] are adjacent in A_E(M), provided that ann(x)ann(y)M = 0. We shall prove that for every torsion finitely generated module M over a Dedekind domain R, a vertex of A_E(M) has degree two if and only if it is an associated prime of M.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.485-491
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• 1997

This paper describes the relationship between skin impedance signal, behavioral signal, and subjective evaluation depending on arousal level. Nz and reaction time had similar trend with mKSS level, but eyeblink rate was different from these two parameters. eye-blink rate increased slowly from mKSS level 1 to 5, and had high increasing rate at mKSS 7. But it showed steep descent at mKSS level 9. Each subject showed different eye-blink rates, but changing rates of EBR was similar at eachm KSS level. Therefore it suggests that rising rate of EBR can be used arousal level criterion. From the result of reaction time test. human performance was decreased rapidly above the mKSS level 5, and false positive and false negative data was observed above the mKSS level 3. It is desirable to give a subject some stimuli such as sound or aroma to rise arousal level between mKSS level 3 and mKSS level 5.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2006

The effects of $Zn^{2+}$ on spontaneous glutamate and GABA release were tested in mechanically dissociated rat CA3 pyramidal neurons which retained functional presynaptic nerve terminals. The spontaneous miniature excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs and mIPSCs, respectively) were pharmacologically isolated and recorded using whole-cell patch clamp technique under voltage-clamp conditions. $Zn^{2+}$ at a lower concentration $(30{\mu}M)$ increased GABAergic mIPSC frequency without affecting mIPSC amplitude, but it decreased both mIPSC frequency and amplitude at higher concentrations $({\ge}300{\mu}M)$. In contrast, $Zn^{2+}$ (3 to $100{\mu}M$) did not affect glutamatergic mEPSCs, although it slightly decreased both mIPSC frequency and amplitude at $300{\mu}M$ concentration. Facilitatory effect of $Zn^{2+}$ on GABAergic mIPSC frequency was occluded either in $Ca^{2+}$-free external solution or in the presence of $100{\mu}M$ 4-aminopyridine, a non-selective $K^{+}$ channel blocker. The results suggest that $Zn^{2+}$ at lower concentrations depolarizes GABAergic nerve terminals by blocking $K^{+}$ channels and increases the probability of spontaneous GABA release. This $Zn^{2+}$-mediated modulation of spontaneous GABAergic transmission is likely to play an important role in the regulation of neuronal excitability within the hippocampal CA3 area.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Let R be a commutative ring, M be a Noetherian R-module, and N a 2-absorbing submodule of M such that r(N :_R M) = 𝖕 is a prime ideal of R. The main result of the paper states that if N = Q₁ ∩ ⋯ ∩ Q_n with r(Q_i :_R M) = 𝖕_i, for i = 1, . . . , n, is a minimal primary decomposition of N, then the following statements are true. (i) 𝖕 = 𝖕_k for some 1 ≤ k ≤ n. (ii) For each j = 1, . . . , n there exists m_j ∈ M such that 𝖕_j = (N :_R m_j). (iii) For each i, j = 1, . . . , n either 𝖕_i ⊆ 𝖕_j or 𝖕_j ⊆ 𝖕_i. Let Γ_E(M) denote the zero-divisor graph of equivalence classes of zero divisors of M. It is shown that {Q₁∩ ⋯ ∩Q_n-1, Q₁∩ ⋯ ∩Q_n-2, . . . , Q₁} is an independent subset of V (Γ_E(M)), whenever the zero submodule of M is a 2-absorbing submodule and Q₁ ∩ ⋯ ∩ Q_n = 0 is its minimal primary decomposition. Furthermore, it is proved that Γ_E(M)[(0 :_R M)], the induced subgraph of Γ_E(M) by (0 :_R M), is complete.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.133-137
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• 2010

Purpose: The main function of vitamin D is the mineralization of the brain by increase of calcium and phosphorus, in case it is insufficient in children, lime deposition on cartilage cannot occur so it leads to rachitis, and in adults, it leads to osteomalacia or osteoporosis. It is also strongly believed in the academic world that vitamin D can restrict the growth of cancer cells and prevent heart diseases, which is also somewhat proven in epidemiological researches. While the right density of vitamin D is still being studied, 20-32 ng/mL is believed to be the most ideal density. Therefore, I wanted analyze how much density of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 that Koreans possess. Materials and Methods: From February 20th, 2008 to April 21st, 2009, the collection of 2800 serums, from medical examination treated subjects by Neodin Medical Institute, have been tested. The targets were tested by 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (125I Kit: Diasorin, USA), and were analyzed by dividing into many different categories (gender, age, season, region). Results: The average density of male were 20 ng/mL, female 17.08 ng/mL. Per age groups, the density of males were as follows: 10~20-18 ng/mL, 21~30-17 ng/mL, 31~40-19 ng/mL, 41~50-21 ng/mL, 51~60-22 ng/mL, 61~70-22 ng/mL, 71~80-22 ng/mL and 81~90-19.9 ng/mL. Average density of females per age groups, were as follows: 10~20-16 ng/mL, 20~30-15.26 ng/mL, 30~40-16 ng/mL, 40~50-17 ng/mL, 50~60-19 ng/mL, 60~70-19 ng/mL, 70~80-19 ng/mL, and 80~90-17 ng/mL. Per seasons, From December to May, the subjects showed the density of 15.97 ng/mL, while from June to November, it showed 21.60 ng/mL. On density of males from January to April regionally, Seoul+Gyeonggi-Do-15.52 ng/mL, Gangwon-Do-15.33 ng/mL, Choongchung-Do-18.03 ng/mL, Jeonla-Do-18.68 ng/mL, Gyungsang-Do-18.76 ng/mL and Cheju Do-21.23 ng/mL. Conclusions: The vitamin D of Koreans is has been insufficient compared to the suggested amount. Ultraviolet rays, which is the main source of vitamin D is critical, therefore it is suggested that more outdoor activities can definitely help.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Purpose : To evaluate the results of absorbed and effective doses using CBCT and 4D-CBCT settings for lung cancer. Materials and Methods : This experimental study. Measurements were performed using a Anderson rando phantom with OSLD(optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters). It was performed computed tomography(Lightspeed GE, USA) in order to express the major organs of the human body. Measurements were obtained a mean value is repeated three times each. Evaluations of effective dose and absorbed dose were performed the CL-IX-Thorax mode and Truebeam-Thorax mode CBCT. Additionally, compared Truebeam-Thorax mode CBCT with Truebeam-Thorax mode 4D-CBCT(Four-dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography) Results : Average absorbed dose in the CBCT of CL-IX was measured in lung 2.505cGy, heart 2.595cGy, liver 2.145cGy, stomach 1.934cGy, skin 2.233cGy, in case of Truebeam, It was measured lung 1.725cGy, heart 2.034cGy, liver 1.616cGy, stomach 1.470cGy, skin 1.445cGy. In case of 4D-CBCT, It was measured lung 3.849cGy, heart 4.578cGy, liver 3.497cGy, stomach 3.179cGy, skin 3.319cGy Average effective dose, considered tissue weighting and radiation weighting, in the CBCT of CL-IX was measured lung 2.164mSv, heart 2.241mSVv, liver 0.136mSv, stomach 1.668mSv, skin 0.009mSv, in case of Turebeam, it was measured lung 1.725mSv, heart 1.757mSv, liver 0.102mSv, stomach 1.270mSv, skin 0.005mSv, In case of 4D-CBCT, It was measured lung 3.326mSv, heart 3.952mSv, liver 0.223mSv, stomach 2.747mSv, skin 0.013mSv Conclusion : As a result, absorbed dose and effective Dose in the CL-IX than Truebeam was higher about 1.3 times and in the 4D-CBCT Truebeam than CBCT of Truebeam was higher about 2.2times However, a large movement of the patient and respiratory gated radiotherapy may be more accurate treatment in 4D-CBCT. Therefore, it will be appropriate to selectively used.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2007

Dye-sensitized solar cell using conversion of solar energy to electrical energy appeared that which solves a environmental matter. The dye-sensitized solar cell uses nano-crystalline oxide semiconductor for absorbing dye. The $TiO_2$ is used most plentifully. The efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell changes consequently in the particle size, morphology, crystallization and surface state of the $TiO_2$. In this paper, we report The effect of titania$(TiO_2)$ thickness on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. Using doctor blade method, It produced the thickness of the $TiO_2$ with $7\;{\mu}m,\;10\;{\mu}m,\;13\;{\mu}m$. The efficiency was the best from $10{\mu}m$. It had relatively low efficiency on the thickness from $7\;{\mu}m\;to\;13\;{\mu}m$. The reason why it presents low efficiency on $7\;{\mu}m$ thickness is that excited electrons can not be delivered enough due to thin thickness of $7\;{\mu}m\;TiO_2$. And The reason why it presents low efficiency on $13\;{\mu}m$ thickness is that thick $13\;{\mu}m\;TiO_2$ can not penetrate the sunlight enough.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.49-68
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• 2012

M&A (Merger and Acquisitions) is a standard corporate strategy frequently used by companies seeking to secure new growth engines and gain a solid foothold in their markets in order to become more globally competitive. To achieve the original goals of M&A, the two involved parties need to invest significant time and resources in integrating all aspects of the companies. A well-planned post-merger integration of information technology (IT PMI) by the two M&A parties is considered a crucial and difficult process because IT provides a fundamental infrastructure for integration. Considering various internal and external factors, the two parties normally formulate an IT PMI strategy. The many IT PMI strategies can be categorized into four major types: Renewal, Takeover, Standardization, and Synchronization. This study aims to develop a decision making model to help merger company and IT managers select the proper IT PMI strategy. More specifically, we identify key determinants that need to be considered when selecting a proper IT PMI strategy. The relative importance of each determinant is defined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis. Finally, this study evaluates each IT integration strategy under the identified determinants.