• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.431-443
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• 2021

Sparse unmixing has been proven to be an effective method for hyperspectral unmixing. Hyperspectral images contain rich spectral and spatial information. The means to make full use of spectral information, spatial information, and enhanced sparsity constraints are the main research directions to improve the accuracy of sparse unmixing. However, many algorithms only focus on one or two of these factors, because it is difficult to construct an unmixing model that considers all three factors. To address this issue, a novel algorithm called multiview-based spectral weighted and low-rank row-sparsity unmixing is proposed. A multiview data set is generated through spectral partitioning, and then spectral weighting is imposed on it to exploit the abundant spectral information. The row-sparsity approach, which controls the sparsity by the l_2,0 norm, outperforms the single-sparsity approach in many scenarios. Many algorithms use convex relaxation methods to solve the l_2,0 norm to avoid the NP-hard problem, but this will reduce sparsity and unmixing accuracy. In this paper, a row-hard-threshold function is introduced to solve the l_2,0 norm directly, which guarantees the sparsity of the results. The high spatial correlation of hyperspectral images is associated with low column rank; therefore, the low-rank constraint is adopted to utilize spatial information. Experiments with simulated and real data prove that the proposed algorithm can obtain better unmixing results.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2023

본 연구는 군사 선진국인 미국, 이스라엘 및 프랑스의 유·무인 복합체계(MUMT) 프로그램을 고찰함으로써 미래 우리나라 육군이 나아가야 할 방향성을 제시한 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 우선 미(美) 지상군의 'Squad-X' 프로그램, 이스라엘 지상군의 디지털 아미프로그램(DAP) 및 프랑스 육군의 스콜피온(Scorpion) 프로그램의 현황을 고찰하였다. 다음으로, 이것들의 미래 전장에서의 싸우는 방법인 전투개념과 이를 뒷받침하는 무기체계들이 복합된 전투체계의 발전 동향을 논의하였다. 마지막으로, 이를 바탕으로 미래 대한민국 육군이 나가야 할 유·무인 복합전투체계의 발전방향을 결론으로 제시하였다. 이와 같은 군사 선진국의 유·무인 복합체계는 비밀리에 발전되고 있기 때문에 지속적인 종단연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2020

현재 육군 부사관 획득은 임관목표인 6,500명 대비 80% 수준이며, 인력 운영은 88%로 정원 대비 약 9,500명이 부족한 실태이다. 이를 해결하기 위한 대책으로 2015년부터 RNTC 제도를 도입해 시범적용 하였고, 향후 전국의 전문대학까지 확대할 검토도 이루어지고 있다. RNTC 제도는 2020년부터 편제화되어 정식 운영되고 있지만, 시범적용 기간 중 논쟁이 된 쟁점을 검토 및 보완하지 않았다. 군과 대학의 공통적 목표는 '다양하고 우수한 인력을 획득 및 확보' 하는 것이다. 하지만 특정학과에 편중된 선발이 이루어지고 있으며, 이는 곧 다양한 병과 획득에 제한되었다. 대학에서도 전체 학과 학생을 대상으로 균등한 선발이 되기를 기대하였으나 제한적이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 현재 시행중인 RNTC 제도가 완전히 정착될 수 있도록 제도적인 검토의 필요성을 인식하고 이에 대한 발전방향을 제시하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.4239-4242
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• 2013

It is reported that the expression level of MLL3 in gastric cancer tissue highly correlates with tumor progression. However, whether MLL3 genetic variants are associated with the risk of gastric cancer remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a genotyping analysis for MLL3 in 314 cases of gastric cancer and 322 controls from the Chinese Han population. 4 SNPs (rs6943984, rs4725443, rs3800836, rs6464211) were selected for the present analysis. We found 2 SNPs (rs6943984, rs4725443) of MLL3 gene were significantly associated with the risk of gastric cancer : the rs6943984 with the minor allele A and rs4725443 with the minor allele C revealed strong associations with increased gastric cancer risk [P < 0.001, OR=1.97, 95% CI=1.48~2.64 and P <0.001, OR=2.23, 95% CI=1.54~3.24]. Haplotype analysis of the four SNPs showed that haplotype A-T-A-C, G-T-G-C, and G-C-A-C increased the risk of gastric cancer (P <0.001, P=0.18, and P<0.001, respectively), while haplotype G-T-A-C significantly reduced the risk of gastric cancer (P <0.001). We concluded that MLL3 variants are significantly associated with gastric cancer risk. Our results for the first time provided new insight into susceptibility factors of MLL3 gene variants in carcinogenesis of gastric cancer of the Chinese Han population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2253-2255
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• 2012

Objective: The objective of our present study was to assess the role of serum amyloid A (SAA) in stages and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Material and Methods: It was a hospital based retrospective study carried out in the Department of Medicine and Biochemistry of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January 2008 and $31^{st}$ December 2011. The variables collected were SAA, CRP. Approval for the study was obtained from the institutional research ethical committee. Quantitative analysis of human SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) was performed by radial immune diffusion (RID) assay for all cases. Results: Of the 422 total cases of renal cell carcinoma, 218 patients had normal and 204 abnormal SAA. SAA levels were grossly elevated in T3 stage ($122.3{\pm}SD35.7$) when compared to the mean for the T2 stage ($84.2{\pm}SD24.4$) (p value: 0.0001). Similarly, SAA levels were grossly elevated in M1 stage ($190.0{\pm}SD12.7$) when compared to the M0 stage ($160.9{\pm}SD24.8$) (p: 0.0001). There was no significant association with elevated CRP levels ($209.1{\pm}SD22.7$, normal $199.0{\pm}SD19.5$). Conclusion: The validity of SAA in serum as being of independent prognostic significance in RCC was demonstrated with higher levels in advanced stage disease.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제16권6_1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2016

"역사는 거울"이라는 말은 반복되는 역사적 사실을 통해 우리는 적을 대비해야 한다는 뜻이다. 현재 우리는 북한의 핵과 미사일을 포함하는 각종 도발에 직면해 있다. 우리가 북한을 주적으로 설정하고 국민의 생명과 재산을 보전하기 위해서는 우리 군은 적의 위협에 항상 철저히 준비되어야 한다. 6.25 전쟁 전투사례를 보면 준비된 적과 무방비 상태의 국군 간에 벌어진 전쟁으로 요약할 수 있다. 북한군은 해방 이후 치밀한 계획 하에 중공군을 편입시키고 소련군 군사고문단 지원 하에 전투 장비를 배치하여 군단 급 훈련까지 마친 상태에 비해, 당시 국군은 대대급 훈련도 마무리 못한 상태였다. 전 평시 군사보안을 위해 나의 정보는 숨기고 적은 찾아서 대비해야 한다. 북한군은 전쟁을 준비하면서 치밀하게 국군의 편성과 배치, 그리고 운용사항에 대한 정보를 수집했으나 국군은 이에 대비하지 못해 초전에 고전을 면치 못했다. 이에 본고에서는 6.25 전쟁 초기, 개성일대 전투사례를 중심으로 군사보안의 교훈과 그 중요성을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2021

For smart defense innovation, the key is to apply state-of-the-art technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to national defense. In order to apply state-of-the-art technology to the defense sector, we need to apply and develop technologies to analyze and respond to uncertain future operational environments. To this end, our military is investing a lot of time and effort. To understand future operational environment analysis and to apply and develop our military, we explored the perspectives of operational environment analysis in major countries and studied specific cases of U.S. troops with systematic analysis functions. The U.S. Army has established a cooperative system to analyze future operational environment under the leadership of the Education Command and operates the organization organically. It also utilizes the collective intelligence of expert groups in various fields by utilizing the MSC, and it is time for the Korean military to take the lead in keeping with the era of transformation. To that end, the organization of the U.S. Education Command should be benchmarked and the Korean Future Operation Environment Analysis Organization should be established and operated. Through this study, we have developed an understanding of the future operational environment analysis system of the U.S. Army and presented a plan to apply the ROK MND.

• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.115-127
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• 2007

육군은 실시간으로 지휘통제 정보를 공유하는 전장정보체계의 구성을 위해 육군전술지휘정보체계(ATCIS : Army Tactical Command Information System)를 개발하였다. 이러한 ATCIS 체계는 공개키 및 암호화 장비를 이용하여 무결성, 비밀성은 충분히 충족시키지만, zero day attack을 이용한 새로운 방법의 DDoS(Distributed Denial of service)공격 등 가용성에 대해서는 무결성, 비밀성만큼의 안전성이 확보되지 못한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 네트워크 시뮬레이터인 NS-2(3)에서 제공하는 DN-AN 모델을 이용하여 웜 피해평가를 위한 시뮬레이션을 구현하였다. 또한, 도출된 결과를 통해 ATCIS에서의 웜 취약점을 분석하고, 대응방안을 제안한다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2016

The investigation of effects on fouling propensity with various viscosity of feed solutions would be better understanding for forward osmosis (FO) performance since the fouling propensity was directly influenced with solution viscosity. Therefore, this study was focused on the FO fouling with model foultants (humic acid, alginate) by altering solution viscosity with change of ionic strength (I.S) and $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations. In the comparison between humic acid and alginate, as expected, the alginate generally caused more severe fouling (almost 35.8 % of flux reduction) based on the solution characteristics (high viscosity) and fouling patterns (coil and gel layer). However, interesting point to note is that the fouling propensity of alginate was more severe even though it was applied with low viscosity of feed conditions (I.S = 20 mM, $Ca^{2+}=1mM$). This might be due to that crossed linked gel layer of alginate on the FO membrane surface could be best formed in the condition of $Ca^{2+}$ presence and higher I.S, and that is more dominant to fouling propensity than the low viscosity of feed solutions.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.494-513
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• 2019

A multi-channel access problem based on hypergraph model in ultra-dense small cell networks is studied in this paper. Due to the hyper-dense deployment of samll cells and the low-powered equipment, cumulative interference becomes an important problem besides the direct interference. The traditional binary interference model cannot capture the complicated interference relationship. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we use the hypergraph model to describe the cumulative interference relation among small cells. We formulate the multi-channel access problem based on hypergraph as two local altruistic games. The first game aims at minimizing the protocol MAC layer interference, which requires less information exchange and can converge faster. The second game aims at minimizing the physical layer interference. It needs more information interaction and converges slower, obtaining better performance. The two modeled games are both proved to be exact potential games, which admit at least one pure Nash Equilibrium (NE). To provide information exchange and reduce convergecne time, a cloud-based centralized-distributed algorithm is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed hypergraph models are both superior to the existing binary models and show the pros and cons of the two methods in different aspects.