• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2015

본 연구는 maltodextrin cyclodextrin에 의해 형성된 고분자 미셀에 나노캡슐화 시킨 리코펜과 일반 리코펜을 LPS로 염증을 유도시킨 RAW 264.7 대식세포주에 다양한 농도 (0~20)로 처리하여 염증매개 사이토카인 유전자 발현과 단백질 생성, 염증매개 효소인 iNOS, COX-2 mRNA 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 비교하였다. 나노캡슐화된 리코펜은 염증세포의 증식억제, 염증매개 사이토카인, 세포침식등의 염증으로 진행되는 데 관여하는 IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$ 등의 사이토카인과 iNOS, COX-2 유전자 발현을 일반리코펜에 비해 효과적으로 억제하고 사이토카인 단백질 생성억제를 통해 염증억제 효과를 증진시키는 것이 관찰되었다. 따라서 지용성으로 생체이용성이 낮은 생리활성물질의 건강증진효과를 개선시키기 위해 나노캡슐화는 좋은 모델이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.874-885
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• 2012

In the present study, the possibility of whether the pharmacological effects of Scutellariae Radix Aqueous Extracts(SR) were favorably changed by report that lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced rat acute lung injury was treated with Red-Koji(Monascus purpureus 12002) fermentation. Three different dosages of Red-Koji fermented SR extract(fSR), 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg were orally administered once a day for 28 days before LPS(Escherichia coli 0111:B4) treatments, and then 5 hours after LPS treatment(500 ${\mu}g$/head, intra trachea instillation), all rats were sacrificed. Changes in the body weights, lung weights, pulmonary transcapillary albumin transit, arterial gas parameters(pH, $PaO_2$ and $PaCO_2$) bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) protein, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$(TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$(IL-$1{\beta}$) contents, total cell numbers, neutrophil and alveolar macrophage ratios, lung malondialdehyde(MDA), myeloperoxidase(MPO), proinflammatory cytokine TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ contents were observed with histopathology of the lung, changes on luminal surface of alveolus(LSA), thickness of alveolar septum, number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs). As results of LPS-injection, dramatical increases in lung weights, pulmonary transcapillary albumin transit increases in $PaCO_2$, decreases in pH of arterial blood and $PaO_2$, increases of BALF protein, LDH, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ contents, total cells, neutrophil and alveolar macrophage ratios, lung MDA, MPO, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ contents increases were detected with decreases in LSA and increases of alveolar septum and PMNs numbers, respectively as compared with intact control. Especially fSR 125 mg/kg showed quite similar favorable effects on the LPS-induced acute lung injuries as compared with 60 mg/kg of ${\alpha}$-lipoic acid and 250 mg/kg of SR. The results suggest that over 125 mg/kg of fSR extracts showed favorable effects on the LPS-induced acute lung injury mediated by their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, increases of the pharmacological effects of SR on LPS-induced acute lung injury were observed by Red-Koji fermentation in this study, at least 2-fold higher.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.185-201
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• 2005

Objective : This experimental study was performed to examine the anti-allergic infiammatory effects of Mori Folium. Method : Macrophage 264.7 cells were pretreated for 1hour with Sangyup. After pretreatment, macrophage were incubated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) $100ng/m{\ell}$ 12h and media collected and $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-10 concentrations in supernatants were measured each by Enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay. Sangyup were used $1mg/m{\ell}$, $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $250{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Hydrocortisones were used $10^{-4}M,\;10^{-5}M,\;10^{-6}M,\;10^{-6}M,\;10^{-6}M$. Results : Macrophage 264.7 cells were pretreated with Hydrocortisones and Sangyup. After pretreatment, macrophage were incubated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS). To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Sangyup, we measured the amount of cytokines, and the results are as follows; 1. Mori Folium. showed statistically significant inhibitory effect on antiinflammation in $TNF-{\alpha}(p<0.02)$ in all five concentrations compared with the (-)controls treated with LPS. Mori Folium showed inhibitory effect on antiinflammation in $TNF-{\alpha}$ in similarpattern in all five concentrations compared with the (+)control pretreated with hydrocortisone. 2. Mori Folium. showed statistically significant inhibitory effect on antiinflammation in IL-6(p<0.01) in all five concentrations compared the (-)controls treated with LPS. Mori Folium. showed inhibitory effect on antiinflammation IL-6 similar pattern in all five concentrations compared with the (+)control pretreated with hydrocortisone. 3. Experimental Group pretreated with Mori Folium. showed statistically significant difference of antiinflammation in $IL-1{\beta}$ in concentrations of $50{\mu}g/m{\ell}(p<0.01)$, $250{\mu}g/m{\ell}(p<0.05)$ compared with the (-)control treated with LPS. Experimental Group pretreated with Mori Folium. showed increased level of $IL-1{\beta}$ in all concentrations compared the (+)control treated with hydrocortisone. 4. Experimental Group pretreated with Mori Folium. did not show statistically significant effect on IL-10 compared with the (-)control. Conclusion : By the findings of this experiment, Mori Folium is observed to have antiallergic and antiinflammation effect.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.94-98
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• 2005

Bone resorption surrounding tooth root causes tooth loss in periodontitis patients. Osteoclast has bone resorption activity. Effects of Artemisia asiatica on bone resorption induced by periodontopathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola, were examined using co-culture systems of mouse osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Addition of A. asiatica ethanol extract to bacterial sonicate abolished bacteria-induced osteoclastogenesis. To determine inhibitory mechanism of A. asiatica against osteoclastogenesis, effects of A. asiatica on expressions of osteoclastogenesis-inducing factors such as receptor activator of NF-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL), prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$, interleukin (IL)-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, in osteoblasts were examined. A. asiatica suppressed expressions of RANKL, $PGE_2$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and TNF-${\alpha}$ increased by each bacterial sonicate. These results suggest inhibitory action of A. asiatica against osteoclastogenesis is associated with down-regulations of RANKL, $PGE_2$ IL-$1{\beta}$, and TNF-${\alpha}$ expressions.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.984-988
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• 2013

꽃송이버섯(Sparassis crispa)은 항암 및 면역증강 효과가 뛰어나다고 알려져 있는 베타-글루칸의 함량이 건조중량의 40% 이상인 것으로 보고되고 있는 산림버섯이다. 일반적으로 버섯에서 추출한 베타-글루칸의 면역활성 및 항암 효과는 널리 알려져 있는 반면 꽃송이버섯 유래의 베타-글루칸에 의한 대식세포의 활성화 기작 및 자실체 추출물에 의한 항암 효과는 아직 보고되지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 꽃송이버섯 유래 베타-글루칸의 면역활성 효과를 확인하고자 마우스의 대식세포인 Raw 264.7 cell을 이용하였으며, 베타-글루칸 처리시 TNF-${\alpha}$와 interleukin-$1{\beta}$(IL-$1{\beta}$)와 같은 사이토카인의 발현 및 분비가 증가됨을 확인하였고, 이러한 과정에 필수적인 역할을 담당하는 전사 인자인 NF-${\kappa}B$가 활성화됨도 확인하였다. 뿐만 아니라 꽃송이버섯 추출물 처리 시 TNF-${\alpha}$의 분비가 증가됨과 함께 in vivo에서 암의 성장을 억제하는 기능이 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과들은 꽃송이버섯이 면역활성을 증가시켜 암의 성장을 억제하는 건강 기능성 식품으로서의 개발 가능성이 높음을 의미하는 것이다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2010

The essential oil fraction was obtained from the underground parts o of Ligusticum chuanxiong (Umbelliferae) by steam distillation, and its main components, Z-ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, were isolated by column chromatography. Its essential oil fraction and the isolated main components were examined for effects on their anti-inflammatory properties in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells to develop a new natural anti-inflammatory drug. The results showed that the L. chuanxiong essential oil fraction and its main components, Z-ligustilide and butylidene phthalide, inhibited the production of nitric oxide significantly in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. LPS-induced interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-$\alpha$) production was also decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that the L. chuanxiong essential oil fraction and also its main components, Z-ligustilide, and butylidene phthalide reduced the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2009

Objectives : The present study investigated Inflammatory effect of Coptidis Rhizoma in lipopolysaccharideexposed rats and Raw 264.7 cells. Methods： The plasma concentration of IL-1$\beta$, IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ peaked at 5 h after LPS injection, and the values of the Coptidis Rhizoma extract groups were lower than those of the control group. In the increment of cytokines concentration at 2 h and 5 h after LPS injection, the Coptidis Rhizoma groups were lower than that of control group. The plasma concentration of IL-10 peaked at 5 h after LPS injection, and the values of the Coptidis Rhizoma extract groups were higher than those of the control group. In the increment of cytokines concentration at 2 h and 5 h after LPS injection, the Coptidis Rhizoma groups were higher than that of control group. Liver cytokines measurement was done at 5 h after LPS injection. The concentration of liver IL-1$\beta$ and IL-6 in the Coptidis Rhizoma groups was lower than that of the control group. The concentrations of liver TNF-$\alpha$, and IL-10 showed no significant differences among all the treatment groups. Results： In the studies of lipopolysaccharide-exposed Raw 264.7 cells, the concentration of IL-1$\beta$, IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups was higher than that of control group (normal group), and in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups, these values showed a tendency to decrease in the Coptidis Rhizoma groups. The concentration of IL-10 in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups was higher than that of control group (normal group), and in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups, the values showed a tendency to increase in the Coptidis Rhizoma groups. Conclusions： These results indicate that the Coptidis Rhizoma extracts have an functional material for Inflammatory activities.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-60
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of Far-infrared on mice rheumatoid arthritis induced by type II collagen. The author peformed several experimental tests which were the hematoxylin-eosin tissue stain, the hind paw thickness, and ELSIA of cytokines(TNF-$\alpha$, IL-1$\beta$). On day 14 and 21, FIR-Tx. group decreased in synovial membrane thickness more than control II group FIR-Tx group decreased in hind paw thickness more than control II group. In the ELISA test of TNF-$\alpha$ concentration, control II group significantly increased in the concentration more than normal and FIR-Tx. group on day 7, 14, and 21. In the ELISA test of IL-$\beta$ concentration, FIR-Tx. group decreased in the concentration more than control II group on day 14 and 21. With J's Linear Function Data Process Program, researchers can get the estimated the concentration or the hind paw thickness from this experiment. The estimated results would be a good guide to therapists and researchers, planning Far-infrared application on the rheumatoid arthritis. These results indicated that far-infrared irradiating appeared to reduce the concentration of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-1$\beta$ at mouse model of autoimmune arthritis. It would be considered that Far-infrared has an effect on relieving rheumatoid arthritis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was investigated the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus on Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Specifically, the effects of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results : The Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomclis Fructus extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ protein, $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein, MDA, and CD68/CD11b, in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}$ amyloid peptide. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2007

Ginger(Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has long been used as a food source in Korea, and it is widely used as a dietary condiment throughout the world. The present study focused on the immunomodulative effects of ginger extracts via in vitro experiments. To identify the immune-activation fractions of the plant, we performed the systematic fractionation of ginger with methanol, hexane, chloroform, butanol and water for separation and refining. The results showed that the chloroform fraction had the highest immune cell activation properties. In conclusion, this study suggests that ginger extracts may enhance immune function by regulating the splenocyte proliferation as well as the cytokine production capacity of activated macrophages.