• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2008

Human karyopherin ${\beta}3$, highly homologous to a yeast protein secretion enhancer (PSE1), has often been reported to be associated with a mediator of a nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway. Previously, we showed that karyopherin ${\beta}3$ complemented the PSE1 and KAP123 double mutant. Our research suggested that karyopherin beta has an evolutionary function similar to that of yeast PSE1 and/or KAP 123. In this study, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening to find a protein which would interact with karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and identified apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), a secretion protein with a primary function in cholesterol transport. By using in vitro binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and colocalization studies, we defined an interaction between karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and apo A-I. In addition, overexpression of karyopherin ${\beta}3$ significantly increased apo A-I secretion. These results suggest that karyopherin ${\beta}3$ plays a crucial role in apo A-I secretion. These findings may be relevant to the study of a novel function of karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and coronary artery diseases associated with apo A-I.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2002

Let I be an ideal in a Gorenstein local ring A with the maximal ideal m and d = dim A. Then we say that I is a good ideal in A, if I contains a reduction $Q=(a_1,a_2,...,a_d)$ generated by d elements in A and $G(I)=\bigoplus_{n\geq0}I^n/I^{n+1}$ of I is a Gorenstein ring with a(G(I)) = 1-d, where a(G(I)) denotes the a-invariant of G(I). Let S = A[Q/a$_1$] and P = mS. In this paper, we show that the following conditions are equivalent. (1) $I^2$ = QI and I = Q:I. (2) $I^2S$ = $a_1$IS and IS = $a_1$S：sIS. (3) $I^2$Sp = $a_1$ISp and ISp = $a_1$Sp ：sp ISp. We denote by $X_A(Q)$ the set of good ideals I in $X_A(Q)$ such that I contains Q as a reduction. As a Corollary of this result, we show that $I\inX_A(Q)\Leftrightarrow\IS_P\inX_{SP}(Qp)$.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• 제73권11호
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• pp.1725-1728
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• 2018

We synthesized the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)-embedded methylammonium lead iodide ($MAPbI_3$) film for the first time. The effects of metal nanoparticles on $MAPbI_3$ perovskite were systematically studied using UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. As a result, the 20-nm-sized Au NPs-embedded $MAPbI_3$ film exhibited a 4.15% higher absorbance than the bare $MAPbI_3$ film. Moreover, the average PL intensity of the Au NPs-embedded $MAPbI_3$ film increased by about 75.25% over the bare $MAPbI_3$ film. Therefore, we have confirmed that addition of the Au NPs has a positive effect on the optical properties of $MAPbI_3$, and we believe that this study will provide a basic insight into the metal nanoparticles-embedded perovskite thin films for the future optoelectronic applications.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.1379-1410
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• 2017

Kang and Ko introduced a skew-symmetrizable matrix to describe a structure theorem for complete intersections of grade 4. Let $R=k[w_0,\;w_1,\;w_2,\;{\ldots},\;w_m]$ be the polynomial ring over an algebraically closed field k with indetermiantes $w_l$ and deg $w_l=1$, and $I_i$ a homogeneous perfect ideal of grade 3 with type $t_i$ defined by a skew-symmetrizable matrix $G_i(1{\leq}t_i{\leq}4)$. We show that for m = 2 the Hilbert function of the zero dimensional standard k-algebra $R/I_i$ is determined by CI-sequences and a Gorenstein sequence. As an application of this result we show that for i = 1, 2, 3 and for m = 3 a Gorenstein sequence $h(R/H_i)=(1,\;4,\;h_2,\;{\ldots},\;h_s)$ is unimodal, where $H_i$ is the sum of homogeneous perfect ideals $I_i$ and $J_i$ which are geometrically linked by a homogeneous regular sequence z in $I_i{\cap}J_i$.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제7집
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• pp.105-125
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• 2003

Personal- und Reflexivpronomen stehen in einer komplementaren Beziehung zueinander. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, welches von beiden Pronomen verschiedenen AcI-Konstruktionen jeweils richtig ist Vor allem stelle ich hier die These auf, dass Grammatik in erster Linie ein Regelwerk ist und dass dernzufolge $S\"{a}tze$ mit gleicher Struktur immer einheitlich und konsistent mit denselben Regeln $erkl\"{a}rt$ werden sollten: (1) a. Der Gefangen $l\"{a}sst$ den Polizisten auf ${\ast}sich_i/ihn_i$ achten. b. $Hans_i{\;}l\"{a}sst$ Maria zu $sich_i/{\ast}ihm_i$ kommen. (2) a. $Peter_i$ sieht Hans von ${\ast}sich_i/ihm_i$ betrogen. b. $Hans_i{\;}f\"{u}hlt$ die Freundin von $sich_i/{\ast}ihm_i$ weggezogen. Bei diesen Beispielen liegt der Verteilungsunterschied der Pronomina nicht an Grammatikregeln sondern am individuellen Sprachgebrauch. Ferner wird hier darauf hingewiesen, dass die AcI-Verben mit Ausnahme des Verbs lassen a1s 3-wertige Verben so wie die $S\"{a}tze$ in Beispiel (3) zu behandein sind D.h., die Struktur $f\"{u}r$ AcI-Konstruktionen sieht so aus wie (4b), nicht wie (4a). Betrachten wir dies noch einmal an einem Beispiel: (3) a. Ich sehe mich $m\"{u}de$ b. Ich $f\"{u}hle$ mich viel besser.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.426-430
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• 1989

Two crystal structures of iodine sorption complexes of dehydrated partially Co(Ⅱ )-exchanged zeolite A, $Co_{3.5}Na_5-A{\cdot}xI_2$, x = 2.5 and 5.0, have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Both structures were solved and refined in cubic space group, Pm3m at $21(1)^{\circ}C$. The structures of $Co_{3.5}Na_5-A{\cdot}2.5I_2$(a = 12.173(1) ${\AA}$) and $Co_{3.5}Na_5-A{\cdot}5.0I_2$(a = 12.130(1) ${\AA}$) were refined to the final error indices, $R_1$ = 0.081 and $R_2$ = 0.077 with 261 reflections and $R_1$ = 0.103 and $R_2$ = 0.112 with 225 reflections, respectively, for which I>3${\sigma}$(I). In both structures, 3.5 $Co^{2+}$ ions and 4.5 $Na^+$ ions per unit cell lie at two crystallographically different 6-ring positions. 0.5 $Na^+$ ion lines in an 8-oxygen ring plane. Dehydrated $Co_{3.5}Na_5$-A sorbs 2.5 iodine molecules per unit cell at $70^{\circ}C$ (vapor pressure of $I_2$ is ca. 8.3 torr) within 30 minutes and 5 iodine molecules per unit cell at $80^{\circ}C$ (vapor pressure of $I_2$ is ca. 14.3 torr) within 24 hours. Each iodine molecule makes a close approach, along its axis to framework oxygen atom with I-I-O = $175^{\circ}$.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.1156-1164
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• 2021

본 연구는 축구화 브랜드의 3i 모델의 효과성을 검증하여 브랜드의 3i 모델 중요성과 시사점을 도출하여 축구화 브랜드 전략의 기본 자료를 제공하고자 했다. 따라서 지난 3년 동안 축구화를 구매한 경험이 있는 대상자를 표본으로 선정했으며, 421부의 자료를 최종분석에 적용했다. 자료처리는 빈도분석, 내적일관성, 확인적 요인분석, 상관분석, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시했으며, 모든 분석은 SPSS 및 AMOS(ver. 21.0) 프로그램을 활용했다. 연구결과 첫째, 축구화 브랜드의 3i 모델이 브랜드 신뢰에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 브랜드 신뢰는 소비자 구매행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 축구화 브랜드의 3i 모델은 소비자 구매행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 축구화 브랜드3i 모델과 소비자 구매행동 간의 브랜드 신뢰는 부분적인 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2002

Given operators X and Y acting on a Hilbert space H, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator A such that AX = Y. An interpolating operator for n-operators satisfies the equation $AX_{}i$ = $Y_{i}$ for i/ = 1,2,…, n. In this article, we obtained the following : Let X ＝ ($x_{i\sigma(i)}$ and Y ＝ ($y_{ij}$ be operators in B(H) such that $X_{i\sigma(i)}\neq\;0$ for all i. Then the following statements are equivalent. (1) There exists an operator A in Alg L such that AX = Y, every E in L reduces A and A is a self-adjoint operator. (2) sup ${\frac{\parallel{\sum^n}_{i=1}E_iYf_i\parallel}{\parallel{\sum^n}_{i=1}E_iXf_i\parallel}n\;\epsilon\;N,E_i\;\epsilon\;L and f_i\;\epsilon\;H}$ < $\infty$ and $x_{i,\sigma(i)}y_{i,\sigma(i)}$ is real for all i = 1,2, ....

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2022

Metal halide perovskites are promising photovoltaic materials, but they still have some issues that need to be solved. Hysteresis is a phenomenon that strongly is correlated with ion migration; thus, a fast, easy, and low-temperature method for measuring ion migration is required. Through selective blocking, ion migration can be measured separately, apart from electron migration. In this study, ion migration in metal halide perovskites was measured using a vertical device. At different temperatures, ionic activation energies were obtained for a range of perovskite compositions such as MAPbI₃, FAPbI₃, CsPbI₃, and MAPbBr₃. By comparing the measured ionic activation energies with the theoretical values, we conclude that among other possibilities, I^- is the migrating ion in MAPbI₃, FAPbI₃, CsPbI₃, and Br- is the migrating in MAPbBr₃.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1582-1583
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• 2011

Recently, it has been found that trifluoroiodomethane ( $CF_3I$) gas can replace $SF_6$ gas as a prospective substitute gas. For quantitative understanding of gas discharge phenomena, we should know electron collision cross sections and electron transport coefficients. Using electron collision cross sections of $CF_3I$ and Xe, we calculated elecron drift velocity, longitudinal coefficient, effective ionization coefficient in $CF_3I$-Xe mixtures using a two-term approximation of the Boltzmann equation. We also compared the electron transport coefficients in pure gas and those of 10%, 20%, 50%, and 70% $CF_3I$-Xe mixture gases. The present data may be showed appropriate ratios of $CF_3I$-Xe mixture gas for replacing the $SF_6$ gas.