• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.895-903
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietray food from the three CHinese medicinal herbs(Mugwort, Dried organge peel and Duchung) on lipi d metabolism in rats. Male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into four dietary groups(Cellulose (CL), Mugwort(MW), Dried organge peel9OP), Duchung(DC)) after three weeks of hyperlipidemic dieting and were fed ad libitum each of the experimental diets for six weeks. The fiber sources of the experimental diets were prepared by drying and milling mugwort, orange peel, duchung and cellulose. Each of the Fiber sources was mixed into the diet to achieve 10g% levels of total dietary fiber. Levels of apparent fat absorption exhibited a significant decrease in the MW and DC groups. The OP group also showed a decreasing trend, but to a lesser extent. The levels of serum total lipid were not significantly different among the four experimental groups. Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the OP grop that in both the CM and MW group. Serum TG and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the DL group than other groups. Serum HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly levels were significantly lower in the CL group than in the other groups. Total lipid and total cholesterol in liver were significantly higher in the CL group than in the other groups. Total lipid and total cholesterol in feces displayed a significantly increase in the MW and DC groups when compared with the CL group. The OP group also showed an increase compared to the CL group.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2006

Objective : To investigate the effects of Yullmoo (Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture on plasma lipid composition and glucose concentration in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods : ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ free fatty acids, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in Yullmoo (Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture groups were compared with those in the control group. Results : Concentration of ${\beta}-lipoprotein$ showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. Concentration of free fatty acids, triglyceride and total cholesterol in plasma were decreased in the Yullmoo (Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture groups. In the Yullmoo (Coix lachryma-jobi val. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture groups, plasma LDL-cholesterol showed a lower value and HDL-cholesterol showed a higher value than those of the control group. Contents of glucose were decreased in the Yullmoo (Coix lachryma-jobi val. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture groups. Conclusions : The results suggest that Yullmoo (Coix lach.yma-jobi var. mayuen stapf.) Pharmacopuncture may have an impact on lipid metabolism to potentially prevent obesity and enhance treatment effect.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2006

Objective : To investigate the effects of Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncture on lowering lipid and contents of serum tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ $(TNF-{\alpha})$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in hyperlipidemic rats. Methods : Triglyceride, total cholesterol, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and IL-6 levels in Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncture groups were compared with those in the control group. Results : Concentration of triglyceride and total cholesterol in plasma was decreased in the Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncture groups. In Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncre groups, plasma LDL-cholesterol showed a lower value and HDL-cholesterol showed a higher value than those of the control group. Contents of $TNF-{\alpha}$ was decreased in the Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncture groups. Contents of IL-6, however, were not significantly different. Conclusions : The results suggest that Poncirus trifoliata Pharmacopuncture may have an impact on lipid metabolism to potentially prevent development of diabetes mellitus and accompanying cerebrovascular diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2014

We investigated the anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of extracts of two roasted coffee beans (Vietnam robusta and Ethiopia mocha sidamo G2) and fermented coffee beans with Monascus rubber mycelium (MR) by solid-state culture. C57B/L6 mice were divided into seven groups: normal diet (ND) group, high fat diet (HFD) group, and HFD groups with hot water extracts from Vietnam robusta coffee beans (HFD-VR), MR-fermented Vietnam robusta coffee beans (HFD-VR-MR), MR-fermented Vietnam robusta coffee beans with 10% brown rice (HFD-VR-MR-BR10), Ethiopia mocha sidamo G2 coffee beans (HFD-ES), and MR-fermented Ethiopia mocha sidamo G2 coffee beans (HFD-ES-MR). After 6 weeks, body weight gain and food efficiency ratio were higher in the HFD group, but significantly reduced in the coffee extracts-fed groups. The HFD-ES-MR group showed greater body weight reduction than the HFD-ES group. The serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels as well as the atherogenic index and cardiac risk factor all tended to decrease in groups fed Vietnam robusta coffee extracts compared to the HFD group. These results suggest that Vietnam robusta and Ethiopia mocha sidamo G2 may be used to make functional coffee beverages with anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.841-846
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of laminaran from Eisenia bicyclis on serum lipid composition of rats fed high fat and cholesterol diets. Fourty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $70{\pm}2.5g$ of 4 weeks old were fed experimental diets for 6 weeks with high fat diet consisting of basal diet plus cholesterol (1%) and lard (10%) for the inducement of hyperlipidemia. The effect of laminaran supplements via drinking waters on serum lipid composition of rat were investigated for 5 weeks by administration of experimental diet group fed basal diet only as normal group, control group fed high fat diet, LL group fed high fat diet plus 0.25% laminaran containing water, and LH group fed high fat diet plus 0.5% laminaran containing water, respectively. As a results of experiments, it was found that LL and LH groups showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in body weight gain and liver weight as compared with control and it may caused by decreased FER. The weight of cecum and adipose tissue (EFP) of LL group showed a significantly (p<0.05) decreased patterns compared with control. It was also found that LL and LH diet groups affects the intestinal length and transit time of rat as significantly (p<0.05) increased in length of intestine and decreased in transit time. In addition, LL and LH diet groups showed a dramatic decrease in triglyceride, total and LDL-cholesterol, and significant increase in HDL-cholesterol compared with control diet group, by which results in decreased in AI. These results indicate that crude laminaran from Eisenia bicyclis has a strong hyperlipidemic and hypercholesterolemic activities in rat fed high fat and cholesterol diet.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.216-221
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• 2004

The present study examined the effects of Schizandra chinensis extract on the serum lipid composition and the antioxidant of rats in which obesity was induced through high fat diet. Fifty male Sprague-Dawely rats weighing 163.91$\pm$4.17g on the average were adjusted to basic diet and laboratory environment and were fed with high fat diet freely for 6 weeks to induce obesity. Forty rats, the final weight of which was 400g, were selected and were divided into a control group(C), treated groups(T I ; body weight of 100mg/kg, TII ; 150mg/kg and TIII ; 200mg/kg), 10 heads of similar weight for each, and test breeding was performed for 4 weeks. During the test breeding, all treated groups were fed with basic diet and difference in intake among the treated groups were maintained to be less than 5%. According to the result, the quantity of Triglyceride in serum was lower in all of the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than the control group, but the difference was not significant except the treated group of 200mg (P>0.05). The quantity of Total cholesterol in serum was significantly lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than in the control group (P<0.05) but differences according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied were not observed. The quantity of HDL-cholesterol was not significantly different among all the groups including the control group (P<0.05) and no regular tendency of change in the quantity was observed according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied. The quantity of LDL-cholesterol was lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis, but the treated group of 100mg was not significantly different from the control group. The quantity of TBARS in serum was lower in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis than in the control group (P<0.05), but no regular tendency of change in the quantity was observed according to the quantity of Schizandra chinensis applied. The quantity of liver TBARS was not significantly different among all the treated groups (P>0.05). The levels of glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and catalase activity were higher in all the groups treated with Schizandra chinensis treated group than in the control group (P<0.05), and the treated group of 200mg showed the highest activity among the treated groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.561-570
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• 2008

This study aimed to determine the effects of freeze-dried onion powder (OP) which contains rich in quercetin (22 mg/10 g) on hyperlipidemic participants. Fourteen participants (total cholesterol level in plasma $270.8{\pm}21.4mg/dL$) $40{\sim}59$ years of age who were diagnosed as hyperlipidemia by a physician at Fatima Hospital in Changwon took part in this study for 12 weeks. We investigated the anthropometric data and dietary habit by using questionnaires. Also, blood samples were collected from the patients in fasting before and after this 12 weeks intervention study. 78.6% of the patients showed interest in health diet management and weight control; however, they also showed some problems in their dietary habit (meal irregularity, food choice, calorie nutrient balance, high fat and cholesterol etc.) and life style (smoking, eating out, alcohol intake) that could have adverse effect on hyperlipidemic therapy. Most participants (85.7%) thought that OP was good for their health. The total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol significantly decreased with OP intake. The HDL-cholesterol increased and the Atherogenic index (AI) significantly decreased. Regarding the correlations of dietary habit and life style with anthropometric and biochemical factors, the alcohol intake level was significantly correlated with the frequency of eating out and body mass index (BMI). Exercise level showed positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol and negative correlation with atherogenic index (AI). These results suggest that the intake of polyphenol rich onion may decrease the risk of hyperlipidemia by reducing cholesterol level. We consider these hypolipidemic effects of OP as a possible functional food. However, further research such as a well designed longterm clinical study with experimental and placebo groups is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.210-218
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.) powder on cholesterol-lowering and anti-obesity effects in rats fed a high fat-high cholesterol diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemic and obese rat model. Weight-matched male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups according to dietary fat, cholesterol levels and Yacon powder levels. Experimental groups were normal diet group (N), high fat-high cholesterol diet group (HFC), high fat-high cholesterol diet with 5% Yacon powder group (HFC-PSL) and high fat-high cholesterol diet with 10% Yacon powder group (HFC-PSH). The body weight gain and FER were increased by a high fat-high cholesterol diet, but gradually decreased in the Yacon powder fed groups compared with the HFC group. Food intake was lower in HFC groups compared with N group. The liver and adipose tissue weights of HFC group were heavier than those of N group, whereas those of groups administered Yacon powder were gradually decreased. The serum ALT, AST, ALP and LDH activities elevated by a high fat-high cholesterol diet were significantly decreased by Yacon powder administration. Levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index and cardiac risk factor showed a decreasing tendency in the Yacon powder fed groups compared with HFC group. The serum HDL-cholesterol level decreased in the HFC group and markedly increased in the Yacon powder fed groups. Levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride in liver and adipose tissues were lower in Yacon powder administered groups than those in HFC group. These results suggest that Yacon powder may improve lipid metabolism of serum, liver, and adipose tissue and potentially reduce lipid storage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.685-691
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• 1993

This study was designed to examine effects of the various levels of sardine and safflower oil mix on lipid contents of serveral tissues in dietary hyperlipidemic rats. Experimental oils were 16% butter(control group), 8% butter +8% olive oil(group 2) 8% butter+8% sardine oil(group 3) 8% butter+6% sardine oil+2% safflower oil(group 4), 8% butter+4% sardine oil+4% safflower oil(group 5),8% butter+2% sardine oil+6% safflower oil(group 6) and 8% butter+8% safflower oil(group 7). The diet administered to the male rats of Sprague-Dawley were fed for 4 weeks. In livers, total cholesterol and triglyceride, phospholipid concentrations were lowest in the group 5 and free cholesterol concentrations were lower in the groups 4 and 5, particularly. Total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in brain were significantly lower in the group 5 and phospholipids were lowest in the group 3, while free cholesterol were group 7. In testes, total cholesterol and triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol concentrations were lower in the all experimental groups than the control group, but those of kidney were lower in the groups 3, 7 than in the control group. Feeding mixed oil having equal quantity of sardine oil and safflower oil were effective on the reduction of the lipid contents in the principal tissues. It might be due to the effects of appropriate ratios of P/S, 0.85 and n-6/n3-p, 2.85 in the test lipids.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.692-701
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• 1993

This study was designed to examine effects of the various levels of sardine and safflower oil mix on lipid contents of serveral tissues in dietary hyperlipidemic rats. Experimental oils were 16% butter(control group), 8% butter+8% olive oil(group 2), 8% butter+8% sardine oil(group 3), 8% butter+6% sardine oil+2% safflower oil(group 4), 8% butter+4% sardine oil+4% safflower oil(group 5), 8% butter+2% sardine oil+6% safflower oil(group 6) and 8% butter+8% safflower oil(group 7). The diet administered to the male rats of Sprague-Dawley were fed for 4 weeks. In the fatty aicd composition of brain phospholipid, n-3 EPA and DHA contents were increased, and DHA content was remarkably high in the phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) component. Arachidonic acid content were high in the cardiolipin component. In the fatty acid composition of heart phospholipid, PUFA contents were highest in the group 5 and DHA content was higher in the groups 4 and 5, particularly. Fatty acid composition of spleen lipid showed that n-3 EPA and DHA contents were higher in the group 3 than in the other groups.