• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.642-648
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• 2017

The use of fossil is causing enviromental all over the world. So hydrogen energy is attracting attention as one of the alternative. The government announced that 30% of the air pollution is because of the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle. In addition, they plans to reduce Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles by 2030 and increase (electric vehicles, EV) or (fuel cell vehicle, FCV). The FCV is evaluated as a next-generation green car because it has a long driving distance and short charging time. However, the hydrogen industry is not able to expand due to the lack of refueling infrastrucutre. This paper predicts the site of hydrogen refueling stations for the expansion of the hydrogen industry and proposes a method to supply hydrogen multi energy filling stations.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.573-580
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• 2020

Hydrogen emerged as a sustainable transport energy source. To increase hydrogen utilization, hydrogen refueling stations must be available in many places. However, this requires large-scale financial investment. This paper proposed a methodology for selecting the optimal location to maximize the use of hydrogen charging stations. The location of gas stations and natural gas charging stations, which are competing energy sources, was first considered, and the expected charging demand of hydrogen cars was calculated by further reflecting data such as population, number of registered vehicles, etc. Using k-medoids clustering, one of the machine learning techniques, the optimal location of hydrogen charging stations to meet demand was calculated. The applicability of the proposed method was illustrated in a numerical case of Seoul. Data-based methods, such as this methodology, could contribute to constructing efficient hydrogen economic systems by increasing the speed of hydrogen distribution in the future.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

In response to the recent increase in demand for hydrogen stations, the Ministry of Trade and Industry has enacted and promulgated special notifications to enable the installation of hydrogen stations in the form of the combined complex in existing automotive fuel supply facilities such as LPG, CNG, and gas stations. Hydrogen multi energy filling stations haven't been operated yet in Korea till the establishment of special standards, so it is necessary create special standards by considering all Korean environmental characteristics such as four seasons and daily crossings. In this study, we collected and analyzed the charging data of Ulsan LPG-Hydrogen Multi Fueling Station installed for the first time in Korea. The data are hourly temperature and pressure data from compressors, storage vessels and dispensers. We used the data collected for a year, including the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in Ulsan to compare seasonal characteristics. As a result, it was found that the change of the outside temperature affects the initial temperature of the vehicle's container of the hydrogen car, which finally affects the charging time and the charging speed of the vehicle. There was no effect on vehicle containers because the limit temperature suggested by the Korean Hydrogen Station Standard(KGS FP217) and the US Filling Protocol(SAE J2601) was not exceeded.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.07a
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• pp.731-732
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• 2022

최근 탄소중립을 위한 친환경 자동차 권장 정책으로 인해서 전기차와 수소차 이용자가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 기존 내연기관차, 또는 전기차와 비교했을 때 수소차에 대한 인프라는 매우 부족한 현실이다. 따라서 출장이나 여행 등 기존 주거지를 벗어나는 상황에서는 수소차 충전소를 찾는데 어려움을 겪을 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 수소차 이용자들에게 편의를 제공하기 위해서 전국의 수소차 충전소의 위치를 구글 지도에서 보여주고 충전소의 사진과 전화번호를 쉽게 확인할 수 있는 애플리케이션을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.81-87
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• 2023

SAE J2601 and SAE J2799, the communication protocols between a hydrogen refueling station and a fuel cell electric vehicle, only cover hydrogen charging. In this paper, we measure the hydrogen detection, current, and voltage of a fuel cell electric vehicle and transmit the sensor data to the hydrogen refueling station by changing the WiFi protocol. A small-scale laboratory model was built using Raspberry Pi for sensing, controlling, and transmitting sensor data of a fuel cell electric vehicle. The sensor data was stored in the database of the hydrogen refueling station, and a dashboard was configured using Grafana to analyze the stored data. When hydrogen is detected, the dispenser valve of the hydrogen refueling station is locked. Then, we measured the average transmission delay according to the WiFi protocol. The results showed that IEEE 802.11a is the most suitable WiFi protocol for transmitting sensor data between the hydrogen refueling station and the fuel cell electric vehicle.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.284-292
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• 2022

Hydrogen is promising a candidate for energy supporting the carbon neutrality policy for greenhouse gas reduction, which is being promoted in several countries, including Korea. Although challenging efforts-such as lowering the costs of green hydrogen production and fuel cells-remain, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are expected to play a significant role in the energy transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. In line with this objective, the hydrogen FCEV working group in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) compiled and revised international standards related to hydrogen refueling stations as of 2019. A well-established hydrogen quality management system based on the standard documents will increase the reliability of hydrogen charging stations and accelerate the use of FCEVs. In this study, among the published ISO standards and other references, the main requirements for managing charging stations and developing related techniques were summarized and explained. To respond preemptively to the growing FCEV market, a continuous hydrogen quality monitoring method suitable for use at hydrogen charging stations was proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 2021

Because of the recent expansion of hydrogen vehicle supply, the installation of hydrogen filling station is expected to gradually expand. This study attempts to predict the damage scale and propose a safer design form based on the scenario that assumes the worst case of a hydrogen station. A Flacs solver using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to predict the damage scale, and the accuracy was verified by comparing it with the experimental results of previous researchers. The damage scale prediction was conducted for hydrogen leakage and explosion, and the prediction target was the KR model based on the measured values. And as a comparative review model, a roofless model was selected without a ceiling. As a result of analyzing the two models, it was possible to confirm the accumulation and retention of hydrogen gas up to 60 vol% or more in the KR model, whereas in the case of the Roofless model, the phenomenon of discharge and diffusion to the outside of the charging station by riding the wall after leakage. I was able to check. In conclusion, it was reviewed that the type of hydrogen charging station without ceiling is more advantageous for safety than the hydrogen filling station model.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.479-484
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• 2019

Environmental problems were related to human life from second industrial revolution. Recently, peoples are interested in solving global warming problem and improving air quality. Therefore, we request for eco-friendly vehicles such as fuel cell electric vehicles using eco-friendly hydrogen energy. In order to reduce particulate matter in Korea, we have established a plan to promote the deployment of eco-friendly vehicles. In this paper, we analyzed the average monthly charging status and hydrogen consumption by introducing fuel cell bus.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.356-362
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• 2022

Research related to hydrogen technology is being actively conducted around the world. Korea is also making great efforts to develop technology to leap forward as a hydrogen economy powerhouse. In particular, the world's No. 1 hydrogen vehicle penetration rate is proof of this. However, the construction of hydrogen refueling stations is being delayed. The biggest delay factor is the public opposition. As such, policies without public support cannot be successfully implemented and are not sustainable. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the factors affecting the acceptability of hydrogen refueling stations in favor of and against them. As a research method, the basic factors affecting acceptability were identified by reviewing previous studies, and a questionnaire was designed and investigated based on the established factors. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified, and the hypothesis was verified through correlation analysis. And, using structural equation modeling, a factor model was developed on the acceptability of hydrogen refueling stations. As a result of the study, acceptability defined private acceptability and public acceptability. In the case of private acceptability, it was confirmed that the higher the attitude toward the environment, the higher the level of knowledge about the hydrogen charging station, and the lower the degree of feeling the risk of the hydrogen charging station, the higher the acceptability. In the case of public acceptability, it was confirmed that the higher the benefit, the better the attitude toward the environment, and the lower the risk-taking characteristics of the individual, the higher the acceptability. Therefore, in this study, based on the potential factors verified in previous studies, the main factors affecting the acceptance on hydrogen refueling stations were identified. And the acceptance model was developed using structural equation modeling. This study is expected to provide basic data to seek ways to improve the acceptance of public when implementing national policies such as hydrogen refueling stations, and to be used analysis data for scientific communication.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2019

This study is a research to compare efficiency of new cooling system (chiller, pre-cooler) to that of the conventional system at the hydrogen refueling station (HRS). This study includes contents for thermodynamic comparison of cooling system for HRS and comparison of pros and cons of its components. So It is to establish design concept of cooling system of HRS supplying with fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). HRS is charging high pressure H2 (700 bar) to FCEV. However cooling system is need to prevent temperature rise in tank. This cooling system consists of pre-cooler and chiller system.