• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2000

Germination of sweet and super sweet corn is lower than normal corn due to the higher sugar and lower starch contents of kernels. Sweet corn seeds are easily deteriorated in the field under the unfavorable condition, therefore it is important to identify the optimal harvesting time for seed production. This trial was conducted to investigate the responses of germination percentage of shrunken-2(sh2), brittle(bt), sugary(su), and sugary enhancer(se) hybrids in relation to harvesting dates. Eight hybrids of four different gene sweet corns were harvested at 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 days after silking(DAS). Germination test was performed using paper towel method. Mean germination percentages across eight hybrids showed the highest value at 45 DAS. There were significant differences among genes and within gene for germination. Shrunken-2 hybrid Mecca was higher than su hybrids for germination, indicating that sh2 would not be poorer than su Late harvesting beyond the optimal harvesting date might not be desirable because of more lodging and ear rots. Theoretical optimal harvesting date estimated from the regression equation was 40.9 DAS, however, practical date for harvesting would be a few days later than the estimated date if seedling vigor might be considered. Kernel dry weight per ear showed similar response to germination. Regression equation showed the highest kernel dry weight at 40.7 DAS. Significant correlations between kernel dry weight and germination were observed, impling that kernel dry matter accumulation would be an important factor for germination.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2006

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants, which is due to failure to produce functional pollen, is a maternally inherited trait. Specific nuclear genes that suppress CMS, termed fertility restorer (Rf) genes, have been identified in several plants. In this study, Rfl-inked molecular markers in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were detected by bulked segregant analysis of eight amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs). Only AFRF8 was successfully converted to a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. This was named AFRF8CAPS and genotype determination using it agreed with that obtained with the original AFRF8. A linkage map with a total size of 54.1 cM was constructed with AFRF8CAPS and the seven AFLP markers using the Kosambi function. The AFRF8CAPS marker was shown to be closest to Rf with a genetic distance of 1.8 cM. These markers will be useful for fast and reliable detection of restorer lines during $F_1$ hybrid seed production and breeding programs in pepper.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.412-412
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• 2014

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most powerful materials for purifying organic pollutants using photocatalytic activity. In this study, we have introduced a novel method to design highly photoreactive flexible 3 dimensional (3D) ZnO nanocomposite [F-ZnO-m (m: reaction time, min)] by electrospinning and simple-step ZnO growth processing (one-step ZnO seed coating/growth processing). Significantly, the F-ZnO-m could be a new platform (or candidate) as a photocatalytic technology for both morphology control and large-area production. The highest photocatalytic degradation rate ([k]) was observed for F-ZnO-m at 2.552 h-1, which was 8.1 times higher than that of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs; [k] = 0.316 h-1). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of F-ZnO-m may be attributed to factors such as large surface area. The F-ZnO-m is highly recyclable and retained 98.6% of the initial decolorization rate after fifteen cycles. Interestingly, the F-ZnO-m samples show very strong antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) after exposure to UV-light for 30 min. The antibacterial properties of F-ZnO-m samples are more effective than those of ZnO NPs. More than 96.6% of the E. coli is sterilized after ten cycles. These results indicate that F-ZnO-m samples might have utility in several promising applications such as highly efficient water/air treatment and inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2002

Twenty-three plants of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume) were collected from several sites around Mountains JIRI in Korea. Japanese apricots having the different morphological features were evenly distributed in the groups made from the cluster analysis, indicating no geographic distributions but artificial vegetations in Korea. Japanese apricots were, as based on the PCR-RAPD techniques, clustered into the three groups; a group (prototype) having the five white petals with the five red sepals, a group (green type) having the five white petals with the five green sepals, and a group (hybrid type) having the more than five red petals with various colored sepals. The prototype apricots showed higher toxicities than other type apricot against bacteria and production of less compounds in TLC plates. The polypetal types of Japanes apricot were related to those of p. armebiaca in the characteristics of seed (the ruggedness), but also to be closed to those of p. armebiaca in PCR-RAPD analysis. The cluster analysis of the twenty three apricots and its related species calculated from the two primers were shown to distinguish relationships of cultivars within species, or of individual plants within cultivars, but also to display the two overlapping bands resulted from PCR-RAPD technique.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) induced by mutant mitochondria genome, has been used for commercial seed production of $F_1$ hybrid cultivars in diverse crops. In pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), two sterile cytoplasm specific gene organization, atp6-2 and coxII were identified. An open reading frame, orf456 nearby coxII gene has been speculated to induce male sterility (MS) by mutagenic analysis. Moreover, molecular markers for atp6-2 and coxII of mitochondrial genotype (mitotype) were developed. However, the Cytoplasmic MS specific markers, atp6SCAR and coxIISCAR markers appeared in both N and S cytoplasms when polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycles prolonged more than 40 cycles. Since the reported molecular markers were dominant markers, the presence of the faint sterile-specific band in normal cytoplasm may lead to the mis-classification of pepper breeding lines. To solve this problem, one common forward primer and two different reverse primers specific to normal coxII and sterile orf456 genes were designed after analyzing their gene organizations. By using these three primers, N and S coxII specific bands were co-amplified in male-sterile lines, but only normal coxII specific band was amplified in maintainer lines. Since the reverse primer for sterile coxII was specifically designed 275 bp downstream of orf456, relatively stable PCR amplification patterns were observed regardless of the number of PCR cycles. These primer sets easily identified different mitotypes among the divergent breeding lines, commercial cultivars and diverse germplasms.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.92-92
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• 2017

Bakanae disease is one of the most serious and oldest problems of rice production, which was first described in 1828 in Japan. This disease has also been identified in Asia, Africa, North America, and Italy. Germinating rice seeds in seed boxes for mechanical transplantation has caused many problems associated with diseases, including bakanae disease. Bakanae disease has become a serious problem in the breeding of hybrid rice, which involves the increased use of raising plants in seed beds. The indica rice variety Shingwang was selected as resistant donor to bakanae disease. One hundred sixty nine NILs, YR28297 ($BC_6F_4$) generated by five backcrosses of Shingwang with the genetic background of susceptible japonica variety, Ilpum were used for QTL analysis. Rice bakanae disease pathogen, CF283, was mainly used in this study and inoculation and evaluation of bakanae disease was performed with the method of the large-scale screening method developed by Kim et al. (2014). SSR markers evenly distributed in the entire rice chromosomes were selected from the Gramene database (http://www.gramene.org), and the polymorphic markers were used for frame mapping of a $BC_5F_5$ resistant line. Here, we developed 168 near-isogenic rice lines (NILs, $BC_6F_4$) to locate a QTL for resistance against bakanae disease. The lines were derived from a cross between Shingwang, a highly resistant variety (indica), and Ilpum, a highly susceptible variety (japonica). The 24 markers representing the Shingwang allele in a bakanae disease-resistant NIL, YR24982-9-1 (parental line of the $BC_6F_4$ NILs), were located on chromosome 1, 2, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12. Single marker analysis using an SSR marker, RM9, showed that a major QTL was located on chromosome 1. The QTL explained 65 % of the total phenotype variation in $BC_6F_4$ NILs. The major QTL designated qBK1 was mapped in 91 kb region between InDel15 and InDel21. The identification of qBK1 and the closely linked SSR marker, InDel18, could be useful for improving rice bakanae disease resistance in marker-assisted breeding.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.625-632
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• 2002

제한된 종자 공급 때문에 축산농가에서 사초용 정부장려 수수 품종을 선택하고, 재배 이용하는데 제한을 받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 생산성이 높은 사초용 수수 품종을 선발하고, 선발된 품종들을 정부장려 품종으로 추천하는데 있다. 2년간 (1999${\sim}$2000) 2개 지역 (수원 및 성환)에서 ‘P947', 'KF429' 및 'SS405' 3품종의 생육특성과 사초수량을 비교하였다. 'KF429'는 병해에 약하였고 'SS405'는 도복에 강한 품종이었다. ‘P947' 품종의 건물수량은 17,823kg/ha이었으며, 'KF429' 품종과 'SS405'품종은 ‘P947' 품종보다 각각 16% (20,631kg/ha)와 75% (31,157kg/ha)의 수량 증가를 보였다. 조단백질 함량은 ‘P947' 품종이 다른 품종들에 비하여 높았으며, ADF 및 NDF 함량은 ’KF429' 품종이 낮았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 내도복성 및 내병성이 좋고 사초건물수량이 높은 ’KF429' 품종과 'SS405' 품종을 정부 장려품종 으로 추천하고자 한다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2018

우리나라에서 유채는 식용유 생산과 경관을 목적으로 매년 재배면적이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 유채 꽃의 색상은 노란색으로 매우 단순하기 때문에 경관효과를 높이기 위해서는 유채 꽃색의 다양화가 필요하다. 유채 꽃색을 다양화하기 위해 유채와 십자화과 식물을 대상으로 종 속간교배를 실시한 결과, 유채와 양배추 종간 인공교배에서 꼬투리 형성율이 65.8%로 비교적 높았으며, 유채와 무, 유채와 소래풀 등 속간 교배조합에서의 꼬투리 형성율은 각각 39.5%와 42.3%로 낮았다. 인공수분 후 꼬투리가 발달하는 시기에 이종간 교잡 불화합성 때문에 종자 결실율이 매우 낮으며 꼬투리 당 생산된 평균 종자수는 유채와 양배추 교배조합에서 0.12개였으며, 유채와 무는 0.40개, 유채와 소래풀은 0.12개였다. 종속간 교배에 의해 생산된 $F_1$ 잡종식물체의 외부 표현형질은 잎의 형태와 꽃의 색은 모계인 유채와 유사하였으나, 잎의 길이와 폭 등이 전반적으로 커진 것으로 나타났다. 유채와 양배추의 종간교배에서 꽃의 색이 양친의 중간인 미색으로 피는 개체가 나타났고, 유채와 소래풀의 속간 교배에서는 꽃의 크기가 커진 개체가 생겨 이 개체들을 육종재료로 이용하면 경관효과를 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 대부분의 $F_1$ 잡종종자의 올레인산, 리놀레산 및 리놀렌산 등의 지방산 조성은 양친의 중간 정도였으나, 유채와 무의 $F_1$ 잡종종자의 지방산 중 에루진산은 화분친인 무에 비교하여 급격하게 감소하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.155-170
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• 2018

본 논문은 현재까지 개발된 유전자편집 기술들의 작용기작 및 장 단점 등을 비교하고 이들 기술로 개발된 유전자편집(site-directed mutagenesis, SDN)작물들의 안전성 평가를 위한 분류 기준 등을 살펴보았다. 또한 2016년부터 2018년 5월 현재까지 발표된 유전자편집 식물 개발과 관련된 논문들을 조사하여 ZFN, TALENS, CRISPR기술별 발표 논문 추세를 조사한 결과 CRISPR기술을 적용한 연구건수가 절대적으로 많았다. 또한 애기장대와 벼를 대상으로 수행한 연구건수가 가장 많았으며, 담배와 토마토, 밀, 옥수수 등이 그 뒤를 이었다. 하지만 발표건수는 아직 1~2건에 해당하지만 대상 식물들은 주곡작물을 포함하여 화훼, 채소, 과수 등으로 다양하게 그 응용 범위가 확대되고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 특히 실용화 또는 향후 상업화를 목표로 한 연구건수도 해마다 증가하는 추세에 있으며 그 응용 범위도 유용단백질 또는 물질의 대량생산을 위한 대사공학 연구와 바이러스, 세균, 곰팡이 등에 대한 병저항성 작물의 개발, 가뭄 등의 무생물적 환경스트레스 저항성 작물, 수량이 증대된 작물 등의 개발에 집중되었다. 이 외에도 단위결실 토마토, 웅성불임성 이용 hybrid벼, 탈립 저항성 증진 등으로 응용 범위가 점점 다양화되어 가고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 미국 농무성의 동 식물 검역소에서 허가를 득한 CRISPR유전자편집 작물의 건수도 해마다 증가하여 조만간 이들이 국제 종자시장에 출시될 것으로 전망된다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.216-219
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• 2010

'예리' 품종은 국립원예특작과학원에서 2005년에 육성된 화단용 아시아틱나리 품종이다. 1993년에 핑크빛 아시아틱나리 '제니브(Genene)'와 진황색의 아시아틱나리 '몬트룩스(Montreux)'를 인공교배하여 획득한 88주의 교배실생묘 중에서 화색, 화형 및 초형이 우수한 'A95-68' 계통을 1995년에 선발하였다. 'A95-68' 계통은 1996년부터 2003년까지 기내 조직배양에 의한 대량 증식, 순화, 양구를 거쳐 노지에서 개화 및 생육특성을 UPOV, RDA 조사기준에 준하여 실시하였다. '예리' 품종의 개화기는 7월 초순이다. 꽃은 상향으로 개화하고, 화색은 분홍색이다. 초장은 34.6 cm로 짧고, 꽃의 크기는 13.3 cm이며, 엽의 길이는 5.1 cm이다. 구근의 무게는 11.7 g이고, 구주는 9.6 cm로 양호하다. 분화용으로 촉성재배를 위해서는 $-1.5^{\circ}C$에 구근을 동결 저장하여 정식시기를 달리하여 활용할 수 있다.