• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to build a conceptual framework of bullying in nursing workplace. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify concepts in relation to bullying in nursing workplace by searching research articles published between 1995 and 2013. In-depth interviews were performed with 14 nurses who experienced bullying at work. The Hybrid Model was applied for concept analysis which led to identify attributes of bullying in nursing workplace. Results: The antecedents of bullying in nursing workplace were offenders, victims, and administrators. They create negative effects on organizational culture and imbalance of power between authority and subordinate workers in the organization. Bullying in nursing workplace that occurred in the forms of inefficient organizational culture, imbalance of power, and the vulnerability of individual or individuals and groups of individuals formed an unstable dynamic. It is expressed as verbal and nonverbal bullying, work-related bullying, and external threats. Consequently, workplace bullying causes physical and psychological withdrawal and increased negative energy in an organization. Conclusions: Workplace bullying consisted of verbal abuse, alienation, unreasonable work processes, restriction on work-related rights, and external threat.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2021

Purpose: This study is a qualitative study that investigated the nature of Koreans' spiritual health using a hybrid model, clarifying the definition and attributes of the concept. Methods: The nature and definition of Koreans' spiritual health were identified through a review of the extensive literature at the theoretical stage and then compared with an analysis of the in-depth interview data conducted by the researcher in the fieldwork stage. Results: Koreans' spiritual health comprised nine attributes: awareness of the meaning and purpose of life, self-awareness, self-acceptance and recognition, self-transcendence, self-integration, harmony of relationships, self-actualization and development, the inner affective attributes of hope, happiness, fulfillment and thankful mind, and the interpersonal affective attributes of one connected mind, compassion, generosity and humility. The scope of the Absolute is expanded to 'heaven' and 'ancestors', and harmony with the community is emphasized. Conclusion: We have found that Koreans' spiritual health is important for total nursing care and that mental, social and physical health can be improved if spiritual health is promoted. Considering this point, personal and organizational efforts are needed to ensure that spiritual nursing is positively applied in community and clinical settings.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.521-534
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 합성보의 특징을 활용하고, 일부 고강도강 적용이 가능한 단면을 개발하여 이에 대한 기초연구를 실시하였다. 본 논문은 그 첫 번째로 단위부재인 합성보의 휨성능을 실험을 통해 평가하였다. 실험결과를 통해 기존 합성보의 공칭강도 산정식 적용여부를 검토하였고, 각 구성부재를 주요변수로 하여 실험하였다. 실험결과 신형상 U형 합성보의 내력평가는 콘크리트 압축강도와 강재의 인장강도에 의한 우력모멘트로 소요모멘트에 저항하는 것으로 평가하는 것이 적합하며, 보 춤 및 강판 두께에 비례하여 내력이 안정적으로 증가하였으며, 연성거동을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2000

인터넷의 출현으로 많은 교육자들은 인터넷을 교육용 도구로 사용하고 있고, 학교내의 많은 업무가 전산화되면서 인터넷을 활용한 사례가 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 인터넷의 개방성으로 인해 학교망은 외부망에 그대로 노출되어 있기 때문에 교육자료의 파손이나 온라인 성적처리 시 데이터 변경 등의 문제점을 가지고 있다. 외부망으로부터 보호에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있으나, 아직 방화벽을 구축하고 있는 중 고등학교가 전무하며 설치 및 운영 시에도 어려움이 따른다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 학교망을 위한 혼합방화벽을 용이하게 구축 관리할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고, 외부로부터 접근제어를 위해 접근제어 규칙을 용이하게 기술할 수 있고 로그 분석, 실시간 네트워크 트래픽 감시, 날짜별 트래픽 통계 정보 등을 제공하는 그래픽적인 사용자 인터페이스를 구현한다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2005

설계 명세를 이용하여 결함경향성이 많은 부분을 예측하는 위험도 예측 모델은 대형 통신 시스템 같이 결과 산물이 매우 큰 시스템의 개발비용을 낮추는데 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 복잡도 메트릭에 기반한 많은 위험도 예측 모델들이 제안되었지만 그들 대부분은 모델 훈련을 위한 훈련 데이터 집합을 필요로 하고, 설계 개체들을 위험 그룹과 비위험 그룹으로 나누는 기능만 지닌 분류 모델들이었다. 본 논문에서는 두가지 형태의 검증된 혼성 메트릭들을 사용하는 새로운 예측 모델 HMM을 제안한다. HMM의 장점은 설계 개체의 위험도를 정량화함으로써 모델 훈련을 위한 훈련 데이터 집합이 필요 없다는 것과 개체 간에 위험도 비교가 가능하다는 것이다. HMM의 유용성을 보이기 위해 여러 내부 특성들과 예측 정확도 비교를 통해 잘 알려진 예측 모델인 역전파 신경망 모델(BPM)과 HMM을 비교하였다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.145-170
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to clarity the concept of health insensitivity using Hybrid model, which consists of three phases： theoretical, empirical, and analytic. In the theoretical phase, the definitions of health insensitivity were searched in korean dictionary and examples used in the websites because the concept of health insensitivity has never been studied before. Two dimensions of health insensitivity emerged out from this investigation were cognitive and behavioral. And then a working definition of health insensitivity was established. The sub-concepts and related factors of health insensitivity were identified through the extensive reviews of the literature focusing on two dimensions of cognitive and behavioral. In the empirical phase, in order to obtain description of health insensitivity, face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with nine persons who are not related to professional health care. Grounded theory approach was applied to analyze these qualitative data. In the final analytic phase, theoretical results and empirical results were analyzed in the integrated way and a theoretical framework of health insensitivity was established. A refined definition of health insensitivity was that decreased health risk perception in cognitive dimension and conduction of the unhealthy behaviors in behavioral dimension. Sub-concepts of decreased health risk perception were optimistic bias and decreased general fear. Sub-concepts of unhealthy behavior were doing health threatening behavior and not doing desirable health behavior. The contact of health information was a causal condition of health insensitivity. Optimistic disposition, health locus of control, and avoidance coping style were intervening conditions of health insensitivity. Three types of health insensitivity were identified： unconcern or ignorance type, optimistic bias type, and cognitive dissonance type. Finally, The implications of these findings for further research and nursing practice are discussed.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.569-580
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• 2020

The identification of delays and delay compensation are critical problems in real-time hybrid simulations (RTHS). Conventional delay compensation methods are mostly based on the assumption of a constant delay. However, the system delay may vary during tests owing to the nonlinearity of the loading system and/or the behavioral variations of the specimen. To address this issue, this study presents an adaptive delay compensation method based on a discrete model of the loading system. In particular, the parameters of this discrete model are identified and updated online with the least-squares method to represent a servo hydraulic loading system. Furthermore, based on this model, the system delays are compensated for by generating system commands using the desired displacements, achieved displacements, and previous displacement commands. This method is more general than the existing compensation methods because it can predict commands based on multiple displacement categories. Moreover, this method is straightforward and suitable for implementation on digital signal processing boards because it relies solely on the displacements rather than on velocity and/or acceleration data. The virtual and real RTHS results show that the studied method exhibits satisfactory estimation smoothness and compensation accuracy. Furthermore, considering the measurement noise, the low-order parameter models of this method are more favorable than that the high-order parameter models.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2022

In modern educational practices, the issue of dependence on the experience of using multimedia by students and the adoption of technologies in education, the perception of their benefits and effectiveness in blended learning is little covered. The purpose of the academic paper lies in assessing the audiovisual context of multimedia technologies, its acceptance by students in practice on the example of using video lectures in blended learning. The methodology is based on an online survey of 120 students of Ukrainian universities who have assessed the experience level in using video lectures, as well as the constructs as follows: Technology Characteristics, Fit, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude, Intention to Use, Actual Use. The results show that the majority of students use video lectures to a certain extent in their training (20,8% have used technology to a certain extent, 49,2% have often used technology in training, 20% are regular users of technology). It has been revealed that most students agree with the relevance of video lectures, the accuracy of lectures, the brevity of lectures, the clarity of lectures, as well as the high quality of lecture videos. It has been estimated that 42,5% believe that lecture videos are an effective tool towards supporting students in hybrid learning. 26,7% of students consider video lectures to be appropriate technologies for online / hybrid courses. In general, 37,5% of respondents find video lectures useful; however, 35,0% do not agree with this statement. 83,3% of students have rated the high level of ease of access to video. In total, 95% of students find lecture videos easy to use. In general, positive attitude of students to video lectures has been revealed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권10호
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• pp.1799-1813
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• 2011

Many researches indicate that programming learning could help improve problem solving skills through algorithmic thinking. But in general, programming learning has been focused on programming language features and it also gave a heavy cognitive load to learners. Therefore, this paper proposes a programming activity process to improve novice programming learners' algorithmic thinking efficiently. An experiment was performed to measure the effectiveness of the proposed programming activity process. After the experiment, the learners' perception on programming was shown to be changed, to effective activity in improving problem solving.

• 4차산업연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2023

Purpose - Recently, in the field of language education, interest in edutech has increased due to difficulties in classroom teaching due to COVID-19. Accordingly, we would like to analyze research topics related to e-learning before and after COVID-19 and examine the implications for the future Korean language education field. Research design, data, and methodology - This study organized a list of papers to be analyzed by searching for e-learning terms applicable to Korean language education in RISS. The collected data was electronically documented, keywords were extracted using text mining techniques, and word frequencies were checked, and then viewed through cloud visualization. Result - It was confirmed that research on e-learning in the field of Korean language education has increased rapidly in 2021 and 2022. In particular, extensive research on online learning methods has been actively conducted due to the difficulties of face-to-face learning in the COVID-19 era. There have been many studies on teaching and learning methods, such as flipped learning, hybrid learning, blended learning, mobile learning, and smart learning. Conclusion - Since the research so far has mainly focused on online class management methods. Therefore, future research suggests that efforts should be made to develop educational contents and teaching methods using specific ICT technologies. These efforts will contribute to advancing smart education that future education aims for.