• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.93-107
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of sociodrama on adolescents who are maladjusted in school. For this study, nine adolescents were selected from a middle school located in Seoul. The Inventory of School adjustment by Bae Sook-Jin, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory(BDHI) and Impulsivity Test by Eysenck were administered. The experiment group acted out a sociodrama twelve times. The first follow-up test was conducted twelve weeks after the pre-test. The second follow-up test was conducted six weeks after first follow-up test. Each time the adolescents acted out a sociodrama their behavior was recorded by a video- camera and then documented by research assistants. Also in order to discover any changes in daily life after sociodrama, an interview survey were done with the adolescents' teachers. The findings were as follows. First, in the initial follow-up test degree of school-maladjustment was less than in the pre-test. Further decreases in the level of maladjustment were noted in the subsequent follow-ups. Therefore, it can be concluded that the performance of sociodramas can reduce school-maladjustment among adolescents and that this reduced level is maintained. Second, the level of hostility discovered in the first follow-up test was less than that in the pre-test, and this level continued to decrease in the following follow-ups. Therefore, we may conclude that sociodrama that reduces adolescent hostility and the reduced levels continue. Finally, the degree of impulse detected in the first follow-up was, once again, less than that of the pre-test, And, as in the other cases, there was a continued decrease in this level. We may therefore conclude that sociodrama does reduce the impulse of adolescents and that this reduction is maintained. This study indicates that sociodrama is an effective method to improve the psychological characters of adolescents who are maladjusted in school. Given the above, a follow up study is suggested.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.704-714
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether psychological distress is an independent risk factor for recurrent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A prospective cohort of studies that measured psychological distress and the incidence of recurrent cardiac events in the adult population were included. Three computerized databases were assessed (PubMed, CINAHL, and PSYCINFO). Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to determine summary estimates of risks of major recurrent cardiac events associated with each psychological distress. Of 506 publications identified, 33 met inclusion criteria, and 24 studies were used to estimate effect size of psychological distress on recurrent cardiac events. Results: Mean number in the research sample was 736 and mean time of follow-up was 4.0 years. Depression, anxiety, anger, and hostility as psychological factors were studied. According to estimation of effect size using random model effect, depression (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.22-1.57), anxiety (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 0.96-1.56), and anger/hostility (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.07-1.57) CAD patients in significantly increased risk for recurrent cardiac events. Conclusion: Finding suggests that psychological distress in forms of depression, anxiety, anger, and hostility impact unfavorably on recurrent cardiac events in CAD patients.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the stretching and recreation exercise including health education on physical fitness and emotion of women in elderly. This study has been done between February and April, 2004 and the subjects of the study were 28 women in elderly. Each of stretching and recreation exercise was carried out for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week for 8 weeks and health education was carried out for 30 minutes a day, 2 times a week for 8 weeks. Vital capacity, flexibility, balance and grip strength were measured using the Health Management System developed by the Korea Physical Science Institution. The scores of depression, anxiety and hostility were measured by Korean Manual of Symptoms-Checklist -90 revision. The collected data were processed using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test The result of this study are as follows : 1. Flexibility was increased after 8 weeks more than before stretching and recreation exercise including health education were done. 2. Vital capacity, balance and grip strength were not increased after 8 weeks more than before stretching and recreation exercise including health education were done. 3. The score of anxiety, depression and hostility was decreased after 8 weeks less than before stretching and recreation exercise including health education was done. In conclusion, stretching and recreation exercise including health education promoted the flexibility and decreased anxiety, depression and hostility of women in elderly.

• Maritime Security
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.175-214
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• 2020

Previous studies cannot effectively explain the rise of piracy in Somalia and NIgeria. First, there is a lack of explanation for the process that from a small maritime robbery into a org anized pirate g roup. Second, it is difficult to explain the low level of piracy in countries with extreamly poor conditions, from Somalia to Nigeria. In this study, I argue that the more severe foreign countries infringe on economic maritime sovereignty in vulnerable countries, the higher the intensity and frequency of piracy. If the infringement of economic maritime sovereignty caused by foreign groups occurs in a fragile state, the government could not respond to the acts of foreign groups, resulting in increased damage to maritime people, deteriorating the regional economic situation. As hostility grows, a culture favorable to piracy is created, which is actively utilized by local forces to inspire the people's hostility, and a favorable environment for piracy emerges in a way that responds politically to foreign powers. In Somalia and Nigeria, the infringement of economic maritime sovereignty by foreign groups emerged severe. And based on the stagnation of the local economy and hostility toward foreign groups, favorable conditions were formed for piracy, resulting in the rise of piracy. Meanwhile, Somalia's neighbor, one of the most fragile states in the world, Yemen have not suffered piracy. Also, the foreign infringement to the maritime economic sovereignty has rarely been observed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2006

Objectives: TuRo, defined as a dance therapy applying the meridian Qi system into the dancing movements, may have effects on ameliorating the psychological symptoms that often appear in adolescent students in a stressful situation. The Objective of the present study was to examine whether TuRo training relieves the psychological symptoms in adolescent female students. Methods: Symptom Check List-90-Revision (SCL-90-R), a 5 point Likert scale, consisted of 90 items that represent psychological symptoms, were used to measure the psychological health status in healthy adolescent female. Twenty two adolescent female students were trained TuRo dancing for two months while 29 in control group were trained mimicked movements without the concept of Qi for the same period. Changes in Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive behaviors, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic Anxiety, Parinoid Ideation and Psychotic symptoms by the two months of training were compared between TuRo and control groups using SCL-9Q-R. Results: Among the nine-categorized psychological symptoms, the somatization and hostility were significantly reduced in TuRo group (p

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.219-228
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• 1982

This study aimed at assessing the industrial workers' mental health status and identifing the relationship between mental health status and socio-demographic variables. We administered psychiatric self report rating scale (SCL-90)to 622 manual workers and 191 office workers in a textile .industry. The study began on 1 November, 1981 and lasted for 30 days The results were as follow: 1. Scores of symptom dimension were higher in female rather than male, younger than older, lower income group than higher one, lower educated group than higher one, manual workers than office workers and unmarried group than married one respectively. 2. The result of dimension scores of total samples showed that the score of Obsessive-compulsive scale was highest. The rest symptom dimension showed the order as follows: Interpersonal sensitivity, Depression, Hostility, Anxiety, Paranoid ideation, Somatization, Psychoticism and Phobic anxiety. 3. In order to identify the partial contribution of each socio-demographic variables on the mental health, multiple regression method was applied, and the result was as follows. 1) Sex was the most important one to explain the Somatization, Phobic-anxiety and Psychoticism scales among the 7 variables in the multiple regression equation. 2) Economic status was the most important variable to explein the Obsessive-compulsive, Depression and Hostility scales. 3) Marital status was the most important variable to explain the Interpersonal-sensitivity and Paranoid ideation scales.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.223-242
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• 2012

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the variables of infant temperament, maternal emotional availability, infant emotional responsiveness and involvement. A total of 60 infants and their mothers participated in this study. Mother-infant dyads were observed and mothers then completed questionnaires. Data was analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlations and hierarchical regressions. In terms of infant emotional responsiveness, maternal sensitivity and non-hostility, these were revealed to have had an effect on infant emotional responsiveness. Moreover, infants who have mothers who had the ability to read their infants' emotional signals accurately, responded in appropriate ways and interacted with affection, showed a higher level of responsiveness. In terms of infant emotional involvement, maternal structuring had an effect on infant emotional involvement. That is, infants who have mothers willing to support their infants through appropriate guidance and facilitate their interaction were more emotionally involved during the play sessions. In conclusion, maternal sensitivity, non-hostility and structuring were all related to infant emotional responsiveness and involvement, however, the degree of the effects of these variables differed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.947-959
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• 2005

This study examined (1) whether romantic partners' or close friends' acceptance-rejection perceived by college students is related to their psychological adjustment indicated by hostility/aggression, dependency, negative self-esteem, negative self-competence, emotional unresponsiveness, emotional instability, and negative world view; (2) whether parents' behavioral control in childhood and romantic partners' or close friends' behavioral control perceived by college students are related to their psychological adjustment; (3) how parents' behavioral control and acceptance-rejection in childhood perceived by college students are related with each other; and (4) how romantic partners' or close friends' behavioral control and acceptance-rejection perceived by college students are related with each other. The subjects were 163 college students enrolled in universities located in Seoul or Kyungki-do in Korea. The results indicated that college students' perceptions of their romantic partners' or close friends' acceptance-rejection are related to their psychological adjustment, that college students' perceptions of their parents' behavioral control and romantic partners' or close friends' behavioral control are related to their psychological adjustment, and that college students' perceptions of parents' behavioral control are related to their perceptions of parents' hostility/aggression, indifference, and rejection and the results were the same for the romantic partners' or close friends' behavioral control and acceptance-rejection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.1088-1099
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on self-esteem and emotion of an improved self-appearance image among the female psychiatric patients, and the therapeutic effect of fashion therapy. The treatment intervention was provided for 37 psychiatric patients and the data of 17 participants was analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. The actual self-appearance image improved overall and all factors. Their expectation for the‘attractive’image was heightened. Their self-esteem was improved and negative emotions were reduced overall and depression. 2. The changes of the actual self-appearance had a positive correlation with self-esteem. and a negative correlation with negative emotion overall, especially anxiety, depression. Improvement of ‘attractive’image had the most correlation. 3. The changes of the ideal self-appearance image didn't have the correlation with self-esteem, but negative correlation with emotions overall and anxiety, depression and hostility. 4. The change in the incongruity of their ideal and actual self-appearance image overall had a negative correlation with the change of self-esteem and positive correlation with negative emotion, especially depression and hostility.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.10
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• pp.33-66
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• 2002

Counterproductive work behaviors are behaviors by employees intended to harm their organization or organization members. Human is the being has a desire and behaviors. To understand behaviors of an individual, it is important to understand the personality which determines a difference between individuals. Narcissists has psychological traits to be likely to experience negative emotions, such as frustration, hostility or anger, and this psychological traits of narcissists are more likely to induce an aggression. In this view, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between counterproductive work behaviors and narcissistic personality characteristics and to explore psychological dynamics about how narcissistic personality characteristics had an effect on counterproductive work behaviors. As a result, facts known were as follows. First, narcissists has strong desires to maintain a sense of superiority over others and defend their egos against unpleasant evaluation information, even if the information is factual and accurate. Second, narcissists are hyper-sensitive to negative information and are more likely to encounter information or situations that challenge their positive self-appraisals by this view. Third, in response to these challenges, or ego threats, these individuals are more likely to experience negative emotions, such as anger, frustration, or hostility. Forth, this negative emotions lead to aggression and as a result, this is more likely to induce counterproductive work behaviors such as theft, sabotage, interpersonal aggression, work slowdowns, wasting time and materials, and spreading rumors. Thus, narcissism is another individual difference variable that may be an important factor in determining counterproductive work behaviors, particularly under conditions perceived to be difficult or stressful.