• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to redesign a letter sorting station and to present the optimal work-space through the ergonomic analysis of the sorting station for reducing the 'Work-Related MusculoSkeletal Disorders(WMSDs)'. We surveyed the work environment in terms of the reason causing WMSDs. According to the survey results, Deltoid on the arm, Trapezius on the shoulder and Erector Spinae on the waist are most frequent attacking parts. Accordingly, We classified sorting stations by the horizontal work-space(Level 1, Level 2, Level 3) and the vertical work space(Level 1, Level 2) based on the criteria of ergonomic optimal work-space. In addition we improved the sorting station through investigation and analysis of the work-load regard the each defined work-space. In order to analyze the effect of the horizontal and vertical work-space, subjects carried out simulated sorting tasks. Each level(Level 1, Level 2, Level3) of the horizontal work-space is significant regarding each muscles(the shoulder, arm and waist), and each level(Level 1, Level 2) of the vertical work-space is significant regarding the arm and waist, but not shoulder. Finally, we founded the difference of work-load according to the work-spaces. Then, it is necessary to improve the work-space causing the high work-load(Level 3 of the horizontal work-space). Then, this study presented the specification of a sorting station which is suitable to the korean body size, and constructed the 3D shaped model of the stations by the ergonomic analysis.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.601-610
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• 2018

Since the building construction works are repeated vertically in a limited space, there is not a great need for the location information of each activity in the schedule management. On the other hand, civil engineering works such as road and railway projects consist of a large number of earthworks, long bridges, and long tunnels. These types of work should be controlled in a horizontal space according to the linear axis of several tens of kilometers. In other words, since most of the activities are managed in the unit of distance from the start point to the end point, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the schedule management by linking the location information of the activity with the schedule data in the schedule management system. This study presents a methodology for creating a linear schedule chart specific to a project with horizontal work space and compares the convenience with the existing Gantt chart. In addition, the methodology of linking linear schedule chart to the 4D CAD system, which is a typical BIM technology in the construction phase, is presented to improve the usability of BIM. The practical applicability of the proposed methodology was verified statistically.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.5D
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• pp.705-717
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• 2011

The number of horizontal tower cranes, major hoisting machineries for lifting approximately 50% of entire materials in construction projects, is rapidly increasing, but a number of accidents related to the tower cranes are being continuously occurred in construction sites as well. In particular, telescoping works in the horizontal tower cranes have showed the greatest safety concerns such as falls and collapses. It is due to the fact that tasks inserting a new mast in the space made after raising telescoping cage by fluid pressure and ascending it to the required height in the telescoping works include a series of dangerous factors in safety aspects, and might cause very serious and unexpected accidents in construction sites. The primary objective of this research is to propose two conceptual models for automating the telescoping work in horizontal tower crane and conduct their technical feasibility analyses. In this study, a design concept, a position control system using hydraulic cylinders is suggested as a better alternative for automating the telescoping work. Its potential safety improvement rate compared to the conventional method is also analyzed and presented in this study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.165-174
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• 2012

This study analyzes the effects of group characteristics of smart work users on intention for smart work activation(i.e., time flexibility, space flexibility, resource flexibility and ICT infrastructure). Also, this study analyzes the effects of different types of smart work depending on occupational groups, firm size and gender in local manufacturing companies. The results show that ICT infrastructure had the most significance in the early stage of smart work. On the contrary to the previous studies which focused more on time flexibility and space flexibility, this study exemplified that the resource flexibility demonstrated relatively higher significance than time flexibility and space flexibility. The results suggest the possibility of successful smart work by recognizing the change in organizational culture, specifically in face to face evaluation and vertical organizational culture to performance-based and horizontal organizational culture.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.415-424
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• 2008

Kwak et al. (2008) found that the mean neutral wind pattern in the high-latitude lower thermosphere is dominated by rotational flow than by divergent flow. As an extension of the our previous work (Kwak et al. 2008), we performed a term analysis of vorticity equation that describes the driving forces for the rotational component of the horizontal wind in order to determine key processes that causes strong rotational flow in the high-latitude lower thermospheric winds. For this study the National Center for Atmospheric Research Thermosphere-Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (NCAR-TIEGCM) is used. The primary forces that determine variations of the vorticity are the ion drag term and the horizontal advection term. Significant contributions, however, can be made by the stretching term. The effects of IMF on the vorticity forces are seen down to around 105-110km.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.274-279
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• 2010

The present work is to analyze the longitudinal static stability and the drop trajectory of fighter aircraft's external fuel tank, of which horizontal fin is modified as the 20% scale down size compared with the original one. The analytical results to the pitching stability of external fuel tank using a thin airfoil's aerodynamic force data show the corresponding tendency to results of wind tunnel experiment. Results of trajectory simulation by the 6 degree of freedom equations of motion, comparing with drop trajectories of wind tunnel experiment, are shown that aircraft's attitude affects strongly on horizontal movement but not on the vertical movement. Those results give the reliability to aircraft safety when the external fuel tank with the 20% reduced horizontal fins is released from aircraft based on the flight manual.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.747-756
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• 2010

This study is on the spatial composition of accommodation area in accommodation barge. The accommodation barge which is used as living facilities for offshore plants' workers can be classified into Accommodation Work Barge, Accommodation Pipe Lay Barge and Multi-purpose Accommodation Barge. We study on the spatial composition of accommodation area in Accommodation Work Barge, most frequently used, through analyzing G.A drawings of the barges. The spatial composition has great influences into the convenience and amenity for workers' daily life in the accommodation area of accommodation barge. The spatial composition of accommodation area shows many characteristics not in horizontal arrangement on any deck but in vertical space arrangement on layers of decks. The particular types of vertical space composition can be classified into 'Centralized Type' and 'Dispersive Type'. These two types will be the basis of space planning for new accommodation barge.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.382-388
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• 2010

In this work the replacement material for magnesium alloy was investigated and an optimized design was suggested for the horizontal fin of a fighter's external fuel tank. For the replacement of magnesium alloy, Aluminum alloy, AL 2034-T351, was selected by considering material properties and its procurement. The strength and fracture toughness properties of AL 2034-T351 are stronger than those of magnesium alloy, but the specific weight of AL 2034-T351 is heavier than that of magnesium alloy by 65%. To meet the allowable limit of C.G. shift in the tank, the design of horizontal fin was optimized by reducing the original shape by 20% and resizing the maximum thickness to 7 mm. From the results of the static and dynamic stress analysis for improving the safety factor of the joint section and the joint hole, the radius of curvature in the aft joint section of the new fin was designed as 8.5mm.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.20 no.B
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• pp.207-211
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• 2000

For efficient massive image retrieval, an image retrieval requires that several important objectives are satisfied, namely: automated extraction of features, efficient indexing and effective retrieval. In this work, we present a technique for extracting the 4-dimension directional feature. By directional detail, we imply strong directional activity in the horizontal, vertical and diagonal direction present in region of the image texture. This directional information also present smoothness of region. The 4-dimension feature is only indexed in the 4-D space so that complex high-dimensional indexing can be avoided.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2011

This study describes development process of residential architectural space in the Richard Meier's residential works through chronological analysis. By analyzing house layout, floor plan, elevation, materials and colors and light entering of his residential works, changes in his architectural space has been studied. Richard Meier's early work is designed as three-dimensional shape, and places emphasis on geometric form. However, recently completed residential works by Richard Meier focuses on the horizontal sun shading louvers, which has ability. In addition, teak and a special UV protective glass are used to control natural environment. Through this research, it was found that Richard Meier has maintained his architectural language in terms of the design layout of the house and planar with colors that appear on the initial project. Using light input methods and materials used for active development, it was found that many design elements were applied and developed.